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6th ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance engineering, ICPE 2015

作者： Jeong, Haksu Ryu, Junhee Lee, Dongeun Lee, Jaemyoun Shin, Heonshik Kang, Kyungtae Software R and D Center Samsung Electronics Suwon443-742 Korea Republic of Networks Business Samsung Electronics Suwon443-742 Korea Republic of School of Electrical and Computer Engineering UNIST Ulsan689-798 Korea Republic of Dept. Computer Science and Engineering Hanyang University Ansan426-791 Korea Republic of Dept. Computer Science and Engineering Seoul National University Seoul151-744 Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9781450332484

Application loading times can be reduced by prefetching disk blocks into the buffer cache. Existing prefetching schemes for general workloads suffer from significant overheads and low accuracy. ClusterFetch is a lightweight prefetcher that identifies continuous sequences of I/O requests and identifies the files that trigger them. The next time that the same files are opened, the corresponding disk blocks are prefetched. In experiments, ClusterFetch reduced the launch time, by which we refer to the latency that occurs when a programfirst runs, by 15.2 to 30.9%, and loading times, meaning the delays that are incurred while additional data is loaded from the disk during program execution, by 15.9%. Copyright © 2015 ACM.

关键词： Loading

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Performing Automated Experiments with EJsS Laboratories

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2015年第29期48卷 134-139页

作者： Galan, Daniel Heradio, Ruben Torre, Luis De La Dormido, Sebastian Esquembre, Francisco Dept. of Computer Science and Automatic Control Universidad Nacional de Educación A Distancia Juan Del Rosal 16 MadridE-28040 Spain Dept. of Software Engineering and Computer Systems Universidad Nacional de Educación A Distancia Juan del Rosal 16 MadridE-28040 Spain Dept. of Mathematics Universidad de Murcia Campus de Espinardo MurciaE-30071 Spain

Existing software allows the development of high quality interactive applications that permit their implementation in laboratories, both virtual and remote. To perform an experiment, the user needs to know how these applications are implemented. In addition, when coding an experiment, the user has to manage the language in which the simulation was created and needs to handle fluently a simulation language just to perform experiments. In the academic field these simulations are used to create virtual and remote laboratories. The authors propose a tool to develop automated experiments for these laboratories. It is intended that the experiments use a powerful and simple language to improve students interaction with the laboratories. That is, avoid repetitive tasks using simple algorithms, data collection and analysis of results, among other features. A new environment for the development of experiments in the authoring tool Easy Java(script) Simulations (EjsS) is proposed. It permits the decoupling of the application design phase from the experiment design. It has been equipped with a language capable of encircling all the expected commands, such as creating events, launching simultaneous applications or modifying their variables. Set with a high level layer, the language allows less experienced users to create their own experiments without having any knowledge of how the application was made. These features will be explained throughout the paper and some physic and control examples of use, as a controller for a cylindrical and a circular tank or a motion controller for a remote robot, will be given to demonstrate the potential of this new environment. © 2015, IFAC (International Federation of Automatic Control) Hosting by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Java programming language Application programs computer simulation languages Experiments Laboratories Technology transfer Easy Java(script) Simulations Experimentation Language Remote laboratories Simulations Virtual laboratories

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Relative localization of RFID tags using spatial-temporal phase profiling 15

Relative localization of RFID tags using spatial-temporal ph...

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Proceedings of the 12th USENIX Conference on Networked Systems Design and Implementation

作者： Longfei Shangguan Zheng Yang Alex X. Liu Zimu Zhou Yunhao Liu Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology and School of Software and TNList Tsinghua University School of Software and TNList Tsinghua University Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Michigan State University East Lansing Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

ISBN: (纸本)9781931971218

Many object localization applications need the relative locations of a set of objects as oppose to their absolute locations. Although many schemes for object localization using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags have been proposed, they mostly focus on absolute object localization and are not suitable for relative object localization because of large error margins and the special hardware that they require. In this paper, we propose an approach called Spatial-Temporal Phase Profiling (STPP) to RFID based relative object localization. The basic idea of STPP is that by moving a reader over a set of tags during which the reader continuously interrogating the tags, for each tag, the reader obtains a sequence of RF phase values, which we call a phase profile, from the tag's responses over time. By analyzing the spatial-temporal dynamics in the phase profiles, STPP can calculate the spatial ordering among the tags. In comparison with prior absolute object localization schemes, STPP requires neither dedicated infrastructure nor special hardware. We implemented STPP and evaluated its performance in two real-world applications: locating misplaced books in a library and determining baggage order in an airport. The experimental results show that STPP achieves about 84% ordering accuracy for misplaced books and 95% ordering accuracy for baggage handling.

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Cracking Down MapReduce Failure Amplification through Analytics Logging and Migration

Cracking Down MapReduce Failure Amplification through Analyt...

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International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing (IPDPS)

作者： Yandong Wang Huansong Fu Weikuan Yu Dept. of Computer Science and Software Engineering Auburn University Auburn AL USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781479986507

MapReduce is popular for big data analytics because it offers easy-to-use map and reduce user interfaces while hiding the complexity of system scalability and fault resiliency issues. While a large body of literature has focused on improving the performance and scalability of MapReduce, the issue of fault resiliency has thus far received little attention. In this paper, we take on an effort to investigate the fault resiliency of MapReduce using YARN (the next-generation Hadoop) as a case study. We reveal that the failures of a MapTask, a ReduceTask or a compute node can cause distinctly different impact to MapReduce programs. Particularly, YARN MapReduce is not able to gracefully handle failures that involve ReduceTasks, causing prolonged task execution, delayed job completion, and, more severely, failure amplifications due to the cascading effects to other tasks. These problems together cause the performance collapse of MapReduce jobs. In this paper, we introduce a new fault-tolerant framework that can crack down failure amplification and gracefully handle failure scenarios. It is designed with two key fault handling techniques: analytics logging and speculative fast migration. Analytics logging is a light-weight mechanism that logs the key progress information of MapReduce tasks, speculative fast migration handles node failures by proactively re-executing MapTasks, migrating ReduceTasks, and collective merging with a pipeline of shuffle/merge and reduce stages. Our performance evaluation demonstrates that these techniques can eliminate failure amplification and deliver fast job execution compared to the existing task re-execution mechanism in MapReduce.

关键词： Merging Yarn computer crashes Scheduling Scalability Delays Power system faults

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Analysis of scale variations of local features for accurate classification of Emphysema images

Analysis of scale variations of local features for accurate ...

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International Conference on BioMedical engineering and Informatics (BMEI)

作者： Musibau A. Ibrahim Ramakrishnan Mukundan Dept. of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand

The effectiveness of local or global features has recently attracted growing attention in the field of texture image classification and retrieval. The features of the local binary pattern (LBP) for instance, usually lack global spatial information while global descriptors would provide very little local information. This paper proposes two different descriptors to circumvent these shortcomings by providing more information to describe different textural structures of the Emphysema computed tomography (CT) images. The proposed LBP+Multi-fractal Images (LMI) and the rotational invariant LBP+Multi-fractal Images (RLMI) can provide more accurate classification results by using a hybrid concatenation of the local and global features. The experimental approaches are validated for different scales of Emphysema images during the classification process in order to determine the appropriate image size that could yield the maximum classification accuracy. The experimental results show that the descriptors extracted from the combined features considerably improve the performance of the classifiers. The results also indicate that the LMI descriptor outperforms the earlier approaches and demonstrate the discriminating power and robustness of the combined features for accurate classification of Emphysema CT images.

关键词： Fractals Feature extraction Histograms Digital images Principal component analysis Computed tomography Robustness

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User-centric Monitoring of Sensitive Information Access in Android Applications

User-centric Monitoring of Sensitive Information Access in A...

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International Conference on Mobile software engineering and Systems (MOBILESoft)

作者： Roshanak Roshandel Robert Tyler Dept. of Computer Science and Software Engineering Seattle University Seattle WA USA

Mobile applications (apps) have access to a large volume of sensitive user information. Current mobile platforms such as Android do not provide a means for the user to quantitatively understand the nature of access to their sensitive data by apps. In this paper, we present our approach to profile app's access to user's data with the ultimate goal of developing a personal privacy threshold for users and privacy index for apps.

关键词： Hidden Markov models Mobile communication Monitoring Androids Humanoid robots Privacy Data privacy

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A Framework for Modeling and Assessing Security of the Internet of Things

A Framework for Modeling and Assessing Security of the Inter...

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International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems (ICPADS)

作者： Mengmeng Ge Dong Seong Kim Dept. of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand

ISBN: (纸本)9781467386692

Internet of Things (IoT) is enabling innovative applications in various domains. Due to its heterogeneous and wide scale structure, it introduces many new security issues. To address the security problem, we propose a framework for security modeling and assessment of the IoT. The framework helps to construct graphical security models for the IoT. Generally, the framework involves five steps to find attack scenarios, analyze the security of the IoT through well-defined security metrics, and assess the effectiveness of defense strategies. The benefits of the framework are presented via a study of two example IoT networks. Through the analysis results, we show the capabilities of the proposed framework on mitigating impacts of potential attacks and evaluating the security of large-scale networks.

关键词： Security Measurement Wireless communication Body area networks Computational modeling Analytical models Network topology

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The Mobile Tree Browser A Space Filling Information Visualization for Browsing Labelled Hierarchies on Mobile Devices

The Mobile Tree Browser A Space Filling Information Visualiz...

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IEEE International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing and Communications

作者： Paul Craig Xin Huang Dept. of Computer Science and Software Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Suzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9781509001552

This paper describes a new information visualization technique for browsing labelled hierarchies on mobile devices. The display is optimized for readability and navigation on devices with limited display space, using animation to smooth the transition between views when a user clicks on nodes to navigate the hierarchy and fisheye-distortion to brows long lists. The technique is evaluated by comparing it to more traditional text based table and node-link tree views with users expressing a clear preference for the space filling hierarchy view. This demonstrates the potential of information visualization to improve interface usability and functionality on mobile devices.

关键词： Pervasive Computing Information Visualisation Mobile Visualization

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Pervasive Information Visualization Toward an Information Visualization Design Methodology for Multi-Device Co-located Synchronous Collaboration

Pervasive Information Visualization Toward an Information Vi...

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IEEE International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing and Communications

作者： Paul Craig Xin Huang Huayue Chen Xi Wang Shiyao Zhang Dept. of Computer Science and Software Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Suzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9781509001552

This paper looks at the potential of information visualization for multi-device co-located synchronous collaboration. That is, the capability of interactive graphical user interfaces to support face-to-face collaboration with networked devices such as large displays with motion recognition and mobile touchscreen devices. This is done by first considering how information visualization can be developed to fit the capabilities and limitations of different devices, then drafting a set of guidelines and recommendations for this type of application, and finally developing a simple prototype to demonstrate some of these guidelines in action. This shows us that that information visualization has the potential to support multi-device co-located synchronous collaborative and there is much promise for this type of software to be developed for a range of applications in the future.

关键词： Pervasive Computing Information Visualization Internet of Things

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Availability Modeling and Analysis for software Defined Networks

Availability Modeling and Analysis for Software Defined Netw...

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Pacific Rim International Symposium on Dependable Computing

作者： Tuan Anh Nguyen TaeHoon Eom SeongMo An Jong Sou Park Jin B. Hong Dong Seong Kim Dept. of Computer Engineering Korea Aerospace University South Korea Dept. of Computer Science & Software Engineering University of Canterbury New Zealand

ISBN: (纸本)9781467393775

software Defined Network (SDN) is an emerging paradigm for flexible network design and implementation. Availability metric of SDNs is critically demanding further studies. This paper aims to propose hierarchical models to assess the availability of SDNs. We incorporate various failure modes and recovery behaviors in the SDN including (i) link failures at network level, and (ii) software and hardware failures at network device level. We use hierarchical models in which a Reliability Graph (RG) is used to represent the reachability of hosts (and switches) in the SDN at the upper level and Stochastic Reward Net (SRN)s are used to represent the detailed failure and recovery of network devices at the lower level, respectively. We incorporate the programmable capability of the SDN at the upper level (i.e., the RG). We perform numerical analysis to assess the availability of the SDN in terms of steady state availability and downtime in minutes per year, and we also show the sensitivity analysis.

关键词： computer architecture Analytical models software Stochastic processes Control systems Hardware Network topology

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