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Reconciling software requirements and architectures with intermediate models

Software & Systems Modeling 2004年第3期3卷 235-253页

作者： Grünbacher, Paul Egyed, Alexander Medvidovic, Nenad Systems Engineering and Automation Johannes Kepler University Linz Austria Teknowledge Corporation Marina Del Rey USA Computer Science Dept. Univ. of Southern California Los Angeles USA

Little guidance and few methods are available for the refinement of software requirements into an architecture satisfying those requirements. Part of the challenge stems from the fact that requirements and architectures use different terms and concepts to capture the model elements relevant to each. In this paper we will present CBSP, a lightweight approach intended to provide a systematic way of reconciling requirements and architectures using intermediate models. CBSP leverages a simple set of architectural concepts (components, connectors, overall systems, and their properties) to recast and refine the requirements into an intermediate model facilitating their mapping to architectures. Furthermore, the intermediate CBSP model eases capturing and maintaining arbitrarily complex relationships between requirements and architectural model elements, as well as among CBSP model elements. We have applied CBSP within the context of different requirements and architecture definition techniques. We leverage that experience in this paper to demonstrate the CBSP method and tool support using a large-scale example.

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Applied adaptive fuzzy-neural inference models: Complexity and integrity problems

Applied adaptive fuzzy-neural inference models: Complexity a...

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2004 2nd International IEEE Conference 'Intelligent Systems' - Proceedings

作者： Dimirovski, Georgi M. Lokevenc, Irena I. Tanevska, Diana J. Dogus University Dept. of Computer Engineering Istanbul 34722 Turkey Acibadem Zeamet Sk. 21 Kadikoy Turkey SS Cyril and Methodius University Skopje Mk Istanbul Technical University Yeditepe University Istanbul Makedonski Telekomunikacii - Branch Prilep Automation and Systems Engineering SS Cyril and Methodius University 1000 Skopje Mk Makedonski Telekomunikacii A.D. Skopje

ISBN: (纸本)0780382781

This paper explores aspects of computational complexity versus rule reduction and of integrity preservation versus optimality index, which have become an issue of considerable concern in learning techniques for adaptive fuzzy inference models. In control oriented applications of adaptive fuzzy inference systems, implemented as fuzzy-neural networks, a balanced observation of these conflicting requirements appeared important for a good yet feasible application design. The focus is confined to a family of adaptive fuzzy inference systems that can be interpreted as a partially connected multilayer feedforward neural networks employing Gaussian activation function. The knowledge base rules are designed implying the connections are a priori fixed, and then the respective strengths adapted on the grounds of input and output data sets. Information granulation plays a significant role too. These as well as membership-function parameters ought to be adapted in a learning-training process via the minimization of an appropriate error function.

关键词： Adaptive control systems

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Semiglobal robust output regulation of a class of nonlinear systems via output feedback control

Semiglobal robust output regulation of a class of nonlinear ...

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World Congress on Intelligent Control and automation (WCICA)

作者： Guoqiang Ha Jie Huang Dept. of Autom. & Comput.-Aided Eng. Chinese Univ. of Hong Kong China Department of Automation and Computer-Aided Engineering Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong NT China School of Automation Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou Guangdong Province China

ISBN: (纸本)0780382730

In this paper, we establish the solvability conditions of the semiglobal robust output regulation problem for a special class of nonlinear SISO systems in the normal form. We take three steps to deal with this problem based on a recently developed general framework for handling the robust output regulation problem. First, convert the robust output regulation problem of the given plant into a robust stabilization problem of an augmented system composed of the original plant and a well defined internal model. Second, solve the semiglobal robust stabilization problem of the augmented system via partial state feedback. Third, solve the semiglobal robust stabilization problem of the augmented system via output feedback. Taking advantage of the nonlinear internal model, we have obtained a result that does not rely on the polynomial assumption of the solution of the regulator equations needed in the existing literatures.

关键词： Robust control Nonlinear systems Output feedback Nonlinear control systems Control systems Robustness State feedback Polynomials Regulators Nonlinear equations

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A dependable open platform for industrial robotics - A case study

Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lectu...

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Lecture Notes in computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) 2004年 3069卷 307-329页

作者： Mustapić, Goran Andersson, Johan Norström, Christer Wall, Anders ABB Automation Technology Products Robotics Hydrovägen 10 SE-721 68 Västerås Sweden Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Mälardalen University PO Box 883 SE-721 23 Västerås Sweden

Industrial robots are complex systems with strict real time, reliability, availability, and safety requirements. Robot controllers are the basic components of the product-line architecture of these systems. They are complex real time computers which control the mechanical arms of a robot. By their nature, robot controllers are generic and open computer systems, because to be useful, they must be programmable by end-users. This is typically done by using software configuration parameters and a domain and vendor-specific programming language. For some purposes, this may not be sufficient. A means of adding low-level software extensions to the robot controller, basically extending its base software platform is needed when, for example, a third party wants to add a completely new sensor type that is not supported by the platform. Any software platform evolution in this direction introduces a new set of broad quality issues and other concerns. Dependability concerns, especially safety, reliability and availability, are among the most important for robot systems. In this paper, we use the ABB robot controller to show how an architecture transformation approach based on quality attributes can be used in the design process for increasing the platf openness. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2004.

关键词： Industrial robots

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Nano-assembly of DNA based electronic devices using atomic force microscopy

Nano-assembly of DNA based electronic devices using atomic f...

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IEEE International Workshop on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)

作者： Guangyong Li Ning Xi Heping Chen W.J. Li C.K.M. Fung R.H.M. Chan Mingjun Zhang Tzyh-Jong Tarn Dept. of Electrical & Computer Eng. Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA Life Sciences Division Agilent Technologies Inc. Palo Alto CA USA Dept. of Automation & Computer-Aided Eng. The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Department of Automation & Computer-Aided Engineering Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Life Sciences Division Agilent Technologies Palo Alto CA USA Dept. of Systems Science and Mathematics Washington University at St. Louis St. Louis MO USA

DNA electronics circuits require an efficient way to accurately position and individually manipulate DNA molecules. The recent development of atomic force microscopy (AFM) seems to be a promising solution. We have recently developed an AFM based augmented reality system. This new system can provide both real-time force feedback and real-time visual feedback during nanomanipulation. We have shown that nano-imprinting and manipulation of nano-particles and nano-rods can be easily performed under assistance of the augmented reality system. In this research, the system's ability is extended to manipulation of DNA molecules. Using a polynomial fitting method, the deformation of DNA molecules is displayed in real time in the augmented reality system during manipulation. Indeed, DNA molecules adopt many different structures including kinks, bends, bulges and distortions. These different structures and inappropriate physical contacts may result in the controversy of DNA conductivity reported over the last decade. The AFM based nanomanipulation system can be used either as a nanolithography tool to make small gap electrodes or a nanomanipulation tool to elongate, deform and cut DNA molecules. The measurement of the conductivity of DNA molecules in their different shapes and structures is a promising method to find conclusive evidences, which verify the electrical conductivity of DNA molecules.

关键词： Atomic force microscopy Nanoscale devices DNA Electron microscopy Augmented reality Real time systems Conductivity Force feedback Shape measurement Electronic circuits

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Fractal fuzzy decision-making: what is the adequate dimension for self-organizing maps?

Fractal fuzzy decision-making: what is the adequate dimensio...

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Conference of the North American Fuzzy Information Processing Society - NAFIPS

作者： S.M. Peres M.Lde.A. Netto Department of Computer Engineering and Industrial Automation State University of Campinas Campinas SP Brazil Universidade Estadual de Campinas Campinas SP BR Dept. of Comput. Eng. & Ind. Autom. State Univ. of Campinas Brazil

We describe a new methodology, based on resources of fractal dimension theory and fuzzy approximated reasoning, to determine the adequate dimension for the output space of self-organizing maps (SOM). This approach considers the dataset under analysis and proposes the dimension that best satisfies the dilemma: to maximize the reduction of dimension and to minimize the topographic distortions - measured with the topographic product. In order to reach this objective, we create the "significant fractal fuzzy dimension measure" as a variation of a fractal dimension measure.

关键词： Fractals Decision making Self organizing feature maps Data analysis Distortion measurement computer industry automation Data mining Aerospace industry Fuzzy reasoning

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Simultaneous background and foreground modeling for tracking in surveillance video

Simultaneous background and foreground modeling for tracking...

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： J. Shao S.K. Zhou R. Chellappa University System of Maryland Adelphi MD US Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng. Maryland Univ. College Park MD USA Center for Automation Research and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD USA

We present a stochastic tracking algorithm for surveillance video where targets are dim and at low resolution. The algorithm builds motion models for both background and foreground by integrating motion and intensity information. Some other merits of the algorithm include adaptive selection of feature points for scene description and defining proper cost functions for displacement estimation. The experimental results show tracking robustness and precision in a challenging video sequences.

关键词： Surveillance Target tracking Particle filters Cameras automation Layout Cost function Robustness Video sequences Employment

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New Trend in Control of Steady-state Large-scale Systems *

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2004年第11期37卷 455-460页

作者： Bai-Wu WAN Ding LIU Xiaoe RUAN Institute of Systems Engineering State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University P.R. China School of Automation Xi'an University of Technology P.R.China Dept. of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology 373-7 Guseong-dong Yuseong-gu Daejeon 305-701 Korea Faculty of Science Xi'an Jiaotong University P.R.China

This paper reviews what the first Author and his Group have been investigating for the past decade in the on-line steady-state hierarchical intelligent control and optimization of large-scale industrial processes (LSIP), as well as large-scale systems (LSS). The techniques include the use of neural networks for identification and optimization, the use of expert systems to solve some kinds of hierarchical multi-objective optimization problems, the use of the fuzzy logic control and the use of the iterative learning control. In addition, several implementation examples and the product quality control for LSS are introduced. Finally the paper prospects the new stages of development.

关键词： Large-scale systems industrial control intelligent control optimization quality control

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Nano-scale mechanical test of MEMS structures by atomic force microscope

Nano-scale mechanical test of MEMS structures by atomic forc...

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World Congress on Intelligent Control and automation (WCICA)

作者： L.M. Fok C.K.M. Fung Y.H. Liu W.J. Li Robot Control Laboratory The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Hong Kong China Centre for Micro and Nano Systems The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Hong Kong China Dept. of Automation and Computer-Aided Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Centre for Micro and Nano Systems The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong

This paper focuses on the nano-scale analysis of the mechanical properties of polymer and carbon nanotubes (CNT) embedded MEMS devices using the probe tip of the atomic force microscope (AFM).The mechanical properties of the surfaces of layered materials were investigated by using nanoindentation produced with the tips of an AFM. Experiment results indicated the bending characteristics of the device and also the Young's modulus of the CNT embedded micro structure. Our objective was to determine the nano-scale mechanical properties and piezoresistivity of bulk carbon nanotubes using the local probe manipulation.

关键词： Atomic force microscopy Testing Micromechanical devices Mechanical factors Atomic layer deposition Nanoscale devices Carbon nanotubes Probes Polymers Microelectromechanical devices

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Correspondence stereo vision under general stereo camera configuration

Correspondence stereo vision under general stereo camera con...

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IEEE International Conference on Robotics, Intelligent Systems and Signal Processing, RISSP 2003

作者： Chung, R. Dept. of Automation and Computer-Aided Engineering Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin Hong Kong

Despite extensive study on it for decades, stereo vision is still widely regarded as a difficult problem. What makes it difficult is the stereo correspondence problem. Earlier Aloimonos and Herve (1992) proposed an algorithm that avoids the need of establishing correspondences across the stereo images. The algorithm however assumes a particular stereo configuration: the parallel-axes stereo geometry. This paper describes how the restriction could be removed and provides, in a closed-form format, an extension of the algorithm for general stereo geometry. © 2003 IEEE.

关键词： Stereo vision

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