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Autonomous Number Plate Detection System for Vehicle Identification and Tracking

Autonomous Number Plate Detection System for Vehicle Identif...

Recent Trends in Microelectronics, Automation, Computing and Communications systems (ICMACC), International Conference on

作者： Neha Sri Nareddy Abhinaya Polneni Rekha Baithi Pratyusha Kunchamwar Sunil Kumar Suvarna Durgabhavani Battu Naveena Budda Vikas Agarwal Premchander Munimanda AI IoT and Robotics Lab (AIR Lab) AGVs Group Autonomous Robotics Systems Limited Hyderabad India Department of Information Technology Malla Reddy Engineering College for Women Hyderabad India Ideabytes Software India Private Limited Hyderabad India School of Computer Science Georgia Tech Atlanta USA School of Computer Science and Engineering Malla Reddy Engineering College for Women Hyderabad India

ISBN: (数字)9798350366570

ISBN: (纸本)9798350366587

The autonomous number plate detection system plays a crucial role in modern transportation, law enforcement, and security infrastructure. Technical approaches using artificial intelligence, machine learning, and computer vision are actively researched to achieve ease of maintenance through real-time vehicle detection. The recent development has drastically improved the accuracy of object detection and recognition systems in deep neural networks. Using these techniques, vehicle number plates can easily be detected autonomously for vehicle identification and tracking. Here, we have used a custom-trained TensorFlow-based number plate detection method to autonomously detect vehicles using images captured by a smartphone, or surveillance camera. It showed an impressive mAP @ 0.5 of 95%, and demonstrated limitations in long-distance detection, leading us to designate it as the optimal vehicle detection model for accuracy. We designed and developed an autonomous number plate detection system for vehicle identification and tracking, which includes web-based, android-based, and embedded-based applications. In addition, we evaluated the proposed autonomous number plate detection system with real-time images and videos. The proposed system achieved real-time vehicle detection and tracking, boasting a commendable 90% detection accuracy.

关键词： Visualization Accuracy Law enforcement System performance Transportation Artificial neural networks Real-time systems Security License plate recognition Videos

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Interpretable Classification of Wiki-Review Streams

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： García-Méndez, Silvia Leal, Fátima Malheiro, Benedita Burguillo-Rial, Juan Carlos Information Technologies Group atlanTTic University of Vigo Vigo Spain Research on Economics Management and Information Technologies Universidade Portucalense Porto Portugal ISEP Polytechnic of Porto Porto Portugal Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering Technology and Science Porto Portugal

Wiki articles are created and maintained by a crowd of editors, producing a continuous stream of reviews. Reviews can take the form of additions, reverts, or both. This crowdsourcing model is exposed to manipulation since neither reviews nor editors are automatically screened and purged. To protect articles against vandalism or damage, the stream of reviews can be mined to classify reviews and profile editors in real-time. The goal of this work is to anticipate and explain which reviews to revert. This way, editors are informed why their edits will be reverted. The proposed method employs stream-based processing, updating the profiling and classification models on each incoming event. The profiling uses side and content-based features employing Natural Language Processing, and editor profiles are incrementally updated based on their reviews. Since the proposed method relies on self-explainable classification algorithms, it is possible to understand why a review has been classified as a revert or a non-revert. In addition, this work contributes an algorithm for generating synthetic data for class balancing, making the final classification fairer. The proposed online method was tested with a real data set from Wikivoyage, which was balanced through the aforementioned synthetic data generation. The results attained near-90 % values for all evaluation metrics (accuracy, precision, recall, and F-measure). © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Natural language processing systems

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Characterisation of Thin Glass-Fibre Substrates for Deployable SAR Antennas

Characterisation of Thin Glass-Fibre Substrates for Deployab...

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European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP

作者： Simone Mencarelli Annalisa Tresoldi Andrew C.M. Austin Michael J. Neve Guglielmo Aglietti Department of Electrical Computer and Software Engineering University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand Te Pūnaha Ātea-Auckland Space Institute University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand Communication Systems and Networks Group University of Bristol Bristol UK

This paper investigates the electrical characteristics of a thin glass-fibre membrane to be employed as a support and dielectric substrate for a new kind of deployable antenna mechan-ical structure designed for space-borne Synthetic Aperture Radar sensors on nano-satellite platforms. The approach outlined in this paper relies on cost-effective test fixtures built from material samples originally designed for mechanical testing. A simple Time Domain Reflectometry / Transmissometry (TDR/T) procedure enables the extraction of the material's complex permittivity.

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A Comprehensive Benchmarking Study of Various Non-linear State Estimators for Vehicle Sideslip Angle Estimation

A Comprehensive Benchmarking Study of Various Non-linear Sta...

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IEEE Symposium on Intelligent Vehicle

作者： Gaël P. Atheupe Bhagyashri Gurjar Gordan Kongue Adriana Tapus Bruno Monsuez Renault Group and IP Paris Guyancourt France IIT Bombay Mumbai Maharashtra India Computer Science & Systems Engineering Lab (U2IS) of ENSTA Paris Institute Poly-Technique de Paris (IP Paris) Palaiseau France

ISBN: (数字)9798350348811

ISBN: (纸本)9798350348828

This paper examines various non-linear state estimators for accuracy and robustness, estimating vehicle sideslip angle which is crucial for improving vehicle handling, stability, and safety in modern vehicle dynamic control systems. The study compares the performance of different state estimators under various driving conditions and driving scenarios, with a particular focus on a novel two-stage observer (of order n = 2) that combines a super-twisting sliding mode observer and a conventional sliding mode filter. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed observer, which outperforms other state estimators in terms of accuracy and robustness.

关键词： Accuracy Computational modeling Estimation Observers Benchmark testing Robustness Stability analysis

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Solutions for Sustainable and Resilient Communication Infrastructure in Disaster Relief and Management Scenarios

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Karaman, Bilal Basturk, Ilhan Taskin, Sezai Zeydan, Engin Kara, Ferdi Beyazıt, Esra Aycan Camelo, Miguel Björnson, Emil Yanikomeroglu, Halim Manisa Celal Bayar University Turkey Department of Systems and Computer Engineering Carleton University OttawaONK1S 5B6 Canada Barcelona08860 Spain Department of Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm16440 Sweden Department of Computer Engineering Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University Zonguldak67100 Turkey IDLab Research Group University of Antwerp - IMEC Belgium

As natural disasters become more frequent and severe, ensuring a resilient communications infrastructure is of paramount importance for effective disaster response and recovery. This disaster-resilient infrastructure should also respond to sustainability goals by providing an energy-efficient and economically feasible network that is accessible to everyone. To this end, this paper provides a comprehensive exploration of the technological solutions and strategies necessary to build and maintain resilient communications networks that can withstand and quickly recover from disaster scenarios. The paper starts with a survey of existing literature and related reviews to establish a solid foundation, followed by an overview of the global landscape of disaster communications and power supply management. We then introduce the key enablers of communications and energy resource technologies to support communications infrastructure, examining emerging trends that improve the resilience of these systems. Pre-disaster planning is emphasized as a critical phase where proactive communication and energy supply strategies can significantly mitigate the impact of disasters. We also explore the essential technologies for disaster response, focusing on real-time communications and energy solutions that support rapid deployment and coordination in times of crisis. The paper then presents post-disaster communication and energy management planning for effective rescue and evacuation operations. The main findings derived from the comprehensive survey are also summarized for each disaster phase. This is followed by an analysis of existing vendor products and services as well as standardization efforts and ongoing projects that contribute to the development of resilient infrastructures. A detailed case study of the Turkiye earthquakes is presented to illustrate the practical application of these technologies and strategies. Finally, we address the open issues and challenges in realizing sust

关键词： Energy efficiency

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Symbolic Audio Classification via Modal Decision Tree Learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Marzano, Enrico Pagliarini, Giovanni Pasini, Riccardo Sciavicco, Guido Stan, Ionel Eduard R&D Deparment Gap S.r.l.u. Udine Italy Lab Department of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Ferrara Ferrara Italy Database Systems Group Faculty of Engineering Free University of Bozen-Bolzano Bolzano Italy

The range of potential applications of acoustic analysis is wide. Classification of sounds, in particular, is a typical machine learning task that received a lot of attention in recent years. The most common approaches to sound classification are subsymbolic, typically based on neural networks, and result in black-box models with high performances but very low transparency. In this work, we consider several audio tasks, namely, age and gender recognition, emotion classification, and respiratory disease diagnosis, and we approach them with a symbolic technique, that is, (modal) decision tree learning. We prove that such tasks can be solved using the same symbolic pipeline, that allows to extract simple rules with very high accuracy and low complexity. In principle, all such tasks could be associated to an autonomous conversation system, which could be useful in different contexts, such as an automatic reservation agent for an hospital or a *** Codes 68T05 © 2025, CC0.

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Tri-Level Linear Programming Model for Automatic Load Shedding Using Spectral Clustering

Tri-Level Linear Programming Model for Automatic Load Sheddi...

引用

Innovative Smart Grid Technologies (ISGT)

作者： Mario D. Baquedano-Aguilar Arturo Bretas Sean Meyn Nader Aljohani Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Florida Gainesville FL USA Distributed Systems Group Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA USA G2Elab Grenoble INP CNRS Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering Taibah University Medina Saudi Arabia

Traditional load shedding schemes can be inadequate in grids with high renewable penetration, leading to unstable events and unnecessary grid islanding. Although for both manual and automatic operating modes load shedding areas have been predefined by grid operators, they have remained fixed, and may be sub-optimal due to dynamic operating conditions. In this work, a distributed tri-level linear programming model for automatic load shedding to avoid system islanding is presented. Preventing islanding is preferred because it reduces the need for additional load shedding besides the disconnection of transmission lines between islands. This is crucial as maintaining the local generation-demand balance is necessary to preserve frequency stability. Furthermore, uneven distribution of generation resources among islands can lead to increased load shedding, causing economic and reliability challenges. This issue is further compounded in modern power systems heavily dependent on non-dispatchable resources like wind and solar. The upper-level model uses complex power flow measurements to determine the system areas to shed load depending on actual operating conditions using a spectral clustering approach. The mid-level model estimates the area system state, while the lower-level model determines the locations and load values to be shed. The solution is practical and promising for real-world applications.

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Versatile Video Coding Performance Evaluation for Tiled 360° Videos 28

Versatile Video Coding Performance Evaluation for Tiled 360...

引用

28th European Wireless Conference, EW 2023

作者： Mahmoud, Moatasim Rizou, Stamatia Kantartzis, Nikolaos V. Valiandi, Ioanna Lazaridis, Pavlos I. Zaharis, Zaharias D. Panayides, Andreas S. Karagiannidis, George K. Singular Logic Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Greece R&D Department Singular Logic Athens14564 Greece School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki54124 Greece VIDEOMICS Group CYENS Centre of Excellence Nicosia Cyprus School of Computing and Engineering University of Huddersfield HuddersfieldHD1 3DH United Kingdom Cyber Security Systems and Applied AI Research Center Lebanese American University Lebanon

ISBN: (纸本)9783800762262

Recently, virtual reality (VR) and 360° videos have been increasingly adopted in a wide range of applications. However, the huge sizes of 360° videos necessitate the use of powerful compression tools to allow for efficient storage and streaming of these videos. In this article, we compare the performance of four different video codecs, including AV1 and versatile video coding (VVC), when applied to a dataset of 360° videos. We conduct our evaluation according to peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR)-based 360° video quality assessment (VQA) metrics. As omnidirectional videos are usually streamed as independent tiles, we also investigate the tiling effect on VVC compression performance by comparing full-frame-based compression to tiled segment compression using grids of 8x8 and 16x16 tiles. © VDE VERLAG GMBH - Berlin - Offenbach.

关键词： Virtual reality

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Pricing and energy trading in peer-to-peer zero marginal-cost microgrids

Pricing and energy trading in peer-to-peer zero marginal-cos...

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IEEE General Meeting Power& Energy Society

作者： Jonathan Lee Rodrigo Henriquez-Auba Bala Poolla Duncan Callaway Energy and Resources Group University of California Berkeley Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California Berkeley Power Systems Engineering Center National Renewable Energy Laboratory

ISBN: (数字)9781665408233

ISBN: (纸本)9781665408240

Efforts to utilize 100% renewable energy in community microgrids require new approaches to energy markets and transactions to efficiently address periods of scarce energy supply. In this paper we contribute to the promising approach of peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading in two main ways: analysis of a centralized, welfare-maximizing economic dispatch that characterizes optimal price and allocations, and a novel P2P system for negotiating energy trades that yields physically feasible and at least weakly Pareto-optimal outcomes. Our main results are 1) that optimal pricing is insufficient to induce agents with batteries to take optimal actions, 2) a novel P2P algorithm to address this while keeping private information, 3) a formal proof that this algorithm converges to the centralized solution in the case of two agents negotiating for a single period, and 4) numerical simulations of the P2P algorithm performance with up to 10 agents and 24 periods that show it converges on average to total welfare within 0.1% of the social optimum in on the order of 10s to 100s of iterations, increasing with the number of agents, time periods, and total storage capacity.

关键词： Economics Renewable energy sources Pricing Microgrids Numerical simulation Peer-to-peer computing Batteries

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Revolutionizing Road Safety: YOLOv8-Powered Driver Fatigue Detection

Revolutionizing Road Safety: YOLOv8-Powered Driver Fatigue D...

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computer Science and Data engineering (CSDE), IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on

作者： Shuaiyue Xie Joong Huang Chuah Grace Mei Ting Chai Electronics and Computer Science University of Southampton Southampton United Kingdom Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Smart Manufacturing Systems Research Group University of Southampton Malaysia Iskandar Puteri Johor Malaysia

Driver fatigue is a significant cause of road accidents. Effective real-time fatigue detection systems are necessary to improve road safety. Utilizing a lightweight and fast model and creating an effective fatigue judgment rule is important in detecting fatigue in real-time. In this research, we propose a fatigue detection model based on You Look Only Once version 8 (YOLOv8) model to detect driver's facial features and use percentage of eyelid closure over the pupil over time (PERCLOS) and Percentage of Open Mouth (POM) indicators to identify fatigue. This research is divided into two parts. The first part involves creating, labeling, and preprocessing the dataset. We use the YawDD dataset as the original dataset and manually label a new dataset using the Roboflow platform. We then preprocessed the new dataset to train the YOLOv8 model for face features detection. In the second part, we established a multi-indicator fatigue determination rule that uses PERCLOS and POM indicators and set a threshold to determine whether the driver is fatigue. By combining the YOLOv8 model with the fatigue determination rules based on PERCLOS and POM, we successfully built a model to identify a driver's fatigue. Finally, the fatigue detection model based on YOLOv8 achieves a high accuracy rate of 96.9% and a high speed of 11.4 ms/frame in face features detection, surpassing other traditional models and previous generations of YOLO models. This model can effectively detect fatigue in both driver-driving pictures and videos.

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