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arXiv 2023年

作者： Jin, Ming Shi, Guangsi Li, Yuan-Fang Xiong, Bo Zhou, Tian Salim, Flora D. Zhao, Liang Wu, Lingfei Wen, Qingsong Pan, Shirui School of Information and Communication Technology Griffith University Gold Coast Australia Department of Data Science and AI Monash University Melbourne Australia International Max Plank Research School for Intelligent Systems The University of Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany Alibaba Group Hangzhou China School of Computer Science and Engineering University of New South Wales Sydney Australia Department of Computer Science Emory University Atlanta United States Anytime.AI New York United States Squirrel Ai Learning Bellevue United States

Time series forecasting has remained a focal point due to its vital applications in sectors such as energy management and transportation planning. Spectral-temporal graph neural network is a promising abstraction underlying most time series forecasting models that are based on graph neural networks (GNNs). However, more is needed to know about the underpinnings of this branch of methods. In this paper, we establish a theoretical framework that unravels the expressive power of spectral-temporal GNNs. Our results show that linear spectral-temporal GNNs are universal under mild assumptions, and their expressive power is bounded by our extended first-order Weisfeiler-Leman algorithm on discrete-time dynamic graphs. To make our findings useful in practice on valid instantiations, we discuss related constraints in detail and outline a theoretical blueprint for designing spatial and temporal modules in spectral domains. Building on these insights and to demonstrate how powerful spectral-temporal GNNs are based on our framework, we propose a simple instantiation named Temporal Graph Gegenbauer Convolution (TGGC), which significantly outperforms most existing models with only linear components and shows better model efficiency. Our findings pave the way for devising a broader array of provably expressive GNN-based models for time series. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Time series

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Intrinsic Motivation in Dynamical Control systems

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Tiomkin, Stas Nemenman, Ilya Polani, Daniel Tishby, Naftali Computer Engineering Department Charles W. Davidson College of Engineering San Jose State University CA95192 United States Department of Physics Emory University AtlantaGA30322 United States Department of Biology Emory University AtlantaGA30322 United States Initiative in Theory and Modeling of Living Systems Emory University AtlantaGA30322 United States Adaptive Systems Research Group University of Hertfordshire Hatfield United Kingdom The Rachel and Selim Benin School of Computer Science and Engineering Hebrew University of Jerusalem 96906 Israel Hebrew University of Jerusalem 96906 Israel

Biological systems often choose actions without an explicit reward signal, a phenomenon known as intrinsic motivation. The computational principles underlying this behavior remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigate an information-theoretic approach to intrinsic motivation, based on maximizing an agent’s empowerment (the mutual information between its past actions and future states). We show that this approach generalizes previous attempts to formalize intrinsic motivation, and we provide a computationally efficient algorithm for computing the necessary quantities. We test our approach on several benchmark control problems, and we explain its success in guiding intrinsically motivated behaviors by relating our information-theoretic control function to fundamental properties of the dynamical system representing the combined agent-environment system. This opens the door for designing practical artificial, intrinsically motivated controllers and for linking animal behaviors to their dynamical properties. © 2022, CC BY-SA.

关键词： Motivation

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Energy Disaggregation from Low Sampling Frequency Measurements Using Multi-Layer Zero Crossing Rate

Energy Disaggregation from Low Sampling Frequency Measuremen...

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IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing

作者： Pascal A. Schirmer Iosif Mporas Communications and Intelligent Systems Group School of Engineering and Computer Science University of Hertfordshire Hatfield UK

ISBN: (数字)9781509066315

ISBN: (纸本)9781509066322

Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring aims to disaggregate the energy consumption measurements of a smart-meter from household to device level. Most commercial smart-meters measure at 1 Hz or slightly higher, in order to be able to wirelessly transmit the acquired data to a server for further data analysis. The measured aggregated signal is a low sampling frequency signal, which is prohibitive for spectral analysis based disaggregation. In this article we propose an extension of the zero crossing rate as a time domain measurement of frequency content and compare it to the previously proposed Karhunen Loeve Expansion, in terms of energy disaggregation performance and in terms of computational time. The proposed feature was evaluated on the well-known and widely used REDD database and the experimental results shown that our approach significantly improves the baseline performance and has much lower computational cost than the previously proposed Karhunen Loeve Expansion.

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Single Stage PLL-less Decoupled Active and Reactive Power Control for Weak Grid Interactive Inverters

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2020年第2期53卷 12390-12395页

作者： Ahmad Khan Mohsen Hosseinzadehtaher Mohammad B. Shadmand Power Electronics & Autonomous Systems Research Group Dept. of Electrical & Computer Engineering Kansas State University Manhattan KS USA

This paper presents a single stage phase locked loop-less (PLL-less) active and reactive power (PQ) control for single-phase weak grid interactive inverters. The absence of the PLL requirement in the proposed PQ control enhances the stability margin comparing to conventional current control approaches in both the stationary or the synchronous reference frame. Additionally, the proposed control scheme enables direct PQ control with a single loop control structure. This paper demonstrates that the proposed PLL-less PQ control scheme is asymptotically stable if the controller gains are positive. The necessary conditions for supplying the rated active power into the weak grid are derived. The provided analysis shows that certain amount of reactive power injection is necessary to avoid point of common coupling (PCC) voltage collapse when the rated active power is injected into the weak grid. Several case studies are provided to demonstrate the performance of the proposed PLL-less PQ control scheme under weak grid condition.

关键词： PLL-less active reactive power control PQ control grid-connected inverter weak grid

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Approximate Boltzmann distributions in quantum approximate optimization

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Physical Review A 2023年第4期108卷 042411-042411页

作者： Phillip C. Lotshaw George Siopsis James Ostrowski Rebekah Herrman Rizwanul Alam Sarah Powers Travis S. Humble Quantum Computational Science Group Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37381 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee 37996-1200 USA Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee 37996-2315 USA Computer Science and Mathematics Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37381 USA Quantum Science Center Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37381 USA

Approaches to compute or estimate the output probability distributions from the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) are needed to assess the likelihood it will obtain a quantum computational advantage. We analyze output from QAOA circuits solving 7200 random MaxCut instances, with n=14–23 qubits and depth parameter p≤12, and find that the average basis state probabilities follow approximate Boltzmann distributions: The average probabilities scale exponentially with their energy (cut value), with a peak at the optimal solution. We describe the rate of exponential scaling or effective temperature in terms of a series with a leading-order term T∼Cmin/np, with Cmin the optimal solution energy. Using this scaling, we generate approximate output distributions with up to 38 qubits and find these give accurate accounts of important performance metrics in cases we can simulate exactly.

关键词： Quantum algorithms & computation Quantum benchmarking Quantum simulation

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Towards a reference architecture for cloud-based flexibility services in the electricity domain

Towards a reference architecture for cloud-based flexibility...

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CIRED 2020 Berlin Workshop, CIRED 2020

作者： Bremdal, Bernt A. Fahramand, Hossein Lloret-Gallego, Pau Ottesen, Stig Ødegaard Puranik, Sanket Pellerin, Bryan Waage, Dagfinn Smart Innovation Norway Halden Norway Department of Computer Science and Computational Engineering UiT – The Arctic University of Tromsø Narvik Norway Trondheim Norway Barcelona Spain Esmart Systems Halden Norway Lyse Group Stavanger Norway

ISBN: (纸本)9781839535635

The H2020 project INVADE has addressed optimal activation of the different flexibility services using the cloud-based solution in the electricity domain. The results have been tested full-scale at different sites around Europe. Both business aspects and technical issues have been addressed. To provide effective instruments for practice sharing, collaboration and communication, sound reference architectures should be established. This study deliberates on the findings from H2020 INVADE and proposes a way to expand existing frameworks for Smart Grids. © 2020 Institution of engineering and Technology. All rights reserved.

关键词： Smart power grids

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Corrections to “Net 350 Gbps/λ IMDD Transmission Enabled by High Bandwidth TFLN MZM”

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IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 2022年第22期34卷 1205-1205页

作者： Md Samiul Alam Essam Berikaa David V. Plant Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Photonic Systems Group McGill University Montréal QC Canada

In the above article [1] , we have mentioned that our work demonstrates the highest net rate (360 Gbps) achieved on the TFLN platform using pulse amplitude modulation (PAM). However, in [2] , the authors demonstrated a higher net bit rate of 494.5 Gbps with digital-band-interleaved (DBI) digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and a thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) using probabilistically shaped (PS) PAM-16 signaling. Therefore, the claim in the abstract and conclusion of our paper is not correct. While this information was incorrect, it does not influence the contents presented in our paper.

关键词： Bandwidth Lithium niobate Amplitude modulation Standards Probabilistic logic Photonics Optimized production technology

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Spectroscopic detection of pigments in tissues: correlation with tissue aging and cancer development

Spectroscopic detection of pigments in tissues: correlation ...

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2022 International Conference Laser Optics, ICLO 2022

作者： Oliveira, L.M. Goncalves, T.M. Botelho, A.R. Martins, I.S. Silva, H.F. Carneiro, I. Carvalho, S. Henrique, R. Tuchin, V.V. Porto Portugal Center of Innovation in Engineering and Industrial Technology Isep Porto Portugal Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Porto University-School of Engineering Porto Portugal Department of Pathology and Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto Porto Portugal Porto Portugal Viana do Castelo Portugal Dept. of Pathol. and Molecular Immunology Porto University-Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar Porto Portugal Science Medical Center Saratov State University Saratov Russia Laboratory of Laser Molecular Imaging and Machine Learning National Research Tomsk State University Tomsk Russia Laboratory of Laser Diagnostics of Technical and Living Systems Institute of Precision Mechanics and Control Frc-Saratov Scientific Centre-of the Russian Academy of Sciences Saratov Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9781665466646

The direct calculation of the absorption coefficient spectra of various tissues from spectral measurements allowed to retrieve the contents of melanin and lipofuscin. In the rabbit brain cortex, 1.8 times higher melanin content is explained by the neuron degeneration process. Similar melanin and lipofuscin contents were found in the rabbit pancreas as a result of the tissue aging process. The conversion of 83 % of the melanin in the human normal kidney into lipofuscin in the cancer kidney indicates that lipofuscin can be considered a kidney cancer marker in humans. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Tissue

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Semantic communication meets edge intelligence

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Yang, Wanting Liew, Zi Qin Lim, Wei Yang Bryan Xiong, Zehui Niyato, Dusit Chi, Xuefen Cao, Xianbin Letaief, Khaled B. Department of Communications Engineering Jilin University Changchun130012 China Information Systems Technology and Design Pillar Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore Singapore Alibaba Group Alibaba-NTU Joint Research Institute Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore School of Computer Science and Engineering NTU Singapore Singapore School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beihang University Beijing China Hong Kong Hong Kong

The development of emerging applications, such as autonomous transportation systems, are expected to result in an explosive growth in mobile data traffic. As the available spectrum resource becomes more and more scarce, there is a growing need for a paradigm shift from Shannon's Classical Information Theory (CIT) to semantic communication (SemCom). Specifically, the former adopts a "transmit-before-understanding" approach while the latter leverages artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to "understand-before-transmit", thereby alleviating bandwidth pressure by reducing the amount of data to be exchanged without negating the semantic effectiveness of the transmitted symbols. However, the semantic extraction (SE) procedure incurs costly computation and storage overheads. In this article, we introduce an edge-driven training, maintenance, and execution of SE. We further investigate how edge intelligence can be enhanced with SemCom through improving the generalization capabilities of intelligent agents at lower computation overheads and reducing the communication overhead of information exchange. Finally, we present a case study involving semantic-aware resource optimization for the wireless powered Internet of Things (IoT). Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Resource allocation

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Variability Modeling of Products, Processes, and Resources in Cyber-Physical Production systems engineering

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Meixner, Kristof Feichtinger, Kevin Fadhlillah, Hafiyyan Sayyid Greiner, Sandra Marcher, Hannes Rabiser, Rick Biffl, Stefan Christian Doppler Laboratory SQI TU Wien Favoritenstraße 9-11 Vienna1040 Austria Information Systems Engineering TU Wien Favoritenstraße 9-11 Vienna1040 Austria CRC 1608 KASTEL – Dependability of Software-intensive Systems Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Am Fasanengarten 5 Karlsruhe76131 Germany Christian Doppler Laboratory VaSiCS Johannes Kepler University Linz Altenberger Straße 69 Linz4040 Austria Software Engineering Group Institute of Computer Science University of Bern Neubrückstraße 10 Bern3012 Switzerland LIT CPS Lab Johannes Kepler University Linz Altenberger Straße 69 Linz4040 Austria

Cyber-Physical Production systems (CPPSs), such as automated car manufacturing plants, execute a configurable sequence of production steps to manufacture products from a product portfolio. In CPPS engineering, domain experts start with manually determining feasible production step sequences and resources based on implicit knowledge. This process is hard to reproduce and highly inefficient. In this paper, we present the Extended Iterative Process Sequence Exploration (eIPSE) approach to derive variability models for products, processes, and resources from a domain-specific description. To automate the integrated exploration and configuration process for a CPPS, we provide a toolchain which automatically reduces the configuration space and allows to generate CPPS artifacts, such as control code for resources. We evaluate the approach with four real-world use cases, including the generation of control code artifacts, and an observational user study to collect feedback from engineers with different backgrounds. The results confirm the usefulness of the eIPSE approach and accompanying prototype to straightforwardly configure a desired CPPS. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Cyber Physical System

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