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IAENG International Journal of computer science 2024年第6期51卷 594-601页

作者： Zhuang, Hongwei Liu, Weisheng School of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Science and Technology Liaoning Anshan China College of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Science and Technology Liaoning CO Anshan114051 China

Underwater target detection is an important method for detecting marine organisms. However, due to the image occlusion of underwater targets, blurred water quality, poor lighting conditions, small targets, and complex backgrounds, the detection of underwater biological targets has posed significant challenges. In the intricate underwater environment, the conventional feature extraction method has a few drawbacks, including imprecise feature extraction, sluggish detection speed, and inadequate robustness. Consequently, an underwater target detection method based on the enhanced You Only Look Once 7 (YOLOv7) is proposed in this study. The network architecture is reconstructed, and the Deformable Convolutional Network (DCN) modules replace some 3×3 convolutional blocks in the ELAN structure to offset sampling points and reduce background interference. Skip connections and 1× 1 convolutional architecture are added to the DCN module to improve the model’s perception of image details. In addition, Contextual Transformer 3 (COT3) is also incorporated to improve visual performance. Finally, to improve the detection efficiency of small objects, the CIoU loss function is finally replaced by the Normalized Wasserstein Distance (NWD) algorithm. The mAP of DCCN-YOLOv7 on the URPC dataset is 80.4%, according to the experimental results, 2.8% higher than the YOLOv7 network model that is used as a baseline. Furthermore, in contrast to the original YOLOv7 algorithm, the detection speed and accuracy are higher, making it more appropriate for target recognition underwater. © (2024), (International Association of Engineers). All rights reserved.

关键词： Feature extraction

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A survey on cross-user federated recommendation

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science China(Information sciences) 2025年第4期68卷 7-32页

作者： Enyue YANG Yudi XIONG Wei YUAN Weike PAN Qiang YANG Zhong MING College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of Queensland WeBank AI Lab WeBank Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology College of Big Data and Internet Shenzhen Technology University Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ)

Recommender systems are effective in mitigating information overload, yet the centralized storage of user data raises significant privacy concerns. Cross-user federated recommendation(CUFR) provides a promising distributed paradigm to address these concerns by enabling privacy-preserving recommendations directly on user devices. In this survey, we review and categorize current progress in CUFR, focusing on four key aspects: privacy, security, accuracy, and efficiency. Firstly,we conduct an in-depth privacy analysis, discuss various cases of privacy leakage, and then review recent methods for privacy protection. Secondly, we analyze security concerns and review recent methods for untargeted and targeted *** untargeted attack methods, we categorize them into data poisoning attack methods and parameter poisoning attack methods. For targeted attack methods, we categorize them into user-based methods and item-based methods. Thirdly,we provide an overview of the federated variants of some representative methods, and then review the recent methods for improving accuracy from two categories: data heterogeneity and high-order information. Fourthly, we review recent methods for improving training efficiency from two categories: client sampling and model compression. Finally, we conclude this survey and explore some potential future research topics in CUFR.

关键词： cross-user federated recommendation federated recommendation federated learning recommender systems user privacy

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Face Detection Based on Improved Multi-task Cascaded Convolutional Neural Networks

IAENG International Journal of Computer Science

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IAENG International Journal of computer science 2024年第2期51卷 67-74页

作者： Jia, Siyu Tian, Ying College of Computer and Software Engineering University of Science and Technology Liaoning Liaoning 114051 China School of Computer and Software Engineering University of Science and Technology Liaoning Liaoning 114051 China

With the development of deep learning and computer vision, face detection has achieved rapid progress owing. Face detection has several application domains, including identity authentication, security protection, media, and entertainment. Although multi-task cascaded convolutional neural networks (MTCNN) have high accuracy and robustness, the model has the disadvantages of large parameters and computational overhead in the real scene due to the complexity of the real scene and the constraints of hardware facilities. Therefore, the development of an improved network model is crucial. This paper improves the MTCNN model by reducing the number of parameters and the computational overhead and using better model parameters to locate the key points of the face. This model improves the accuracy and robustness of the face age estimation. The WiderFace and CelebA datasets are used for training. The final face detection accuracy reaches 98.7% while simultaneously reducing the number of model parameters to 70% under the same conditions. This model meets the application needs of modern society for face detection and demonstrates the efficiency and accuracy of the improved network model. © (2024), (International Association of Engineers). All Rights Reserved.

关键词： Face recognition

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A probabilistic generative model for tracking multi-knowledge concept mastery probability

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Frontiers of computer science 2024年第3期18卷 155-170页

作者： Hengyu LIU Tiancheng ZHANG Fan LI Minghe YU Ge YU School of Computer Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110169China Software College Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110169China

Knowledge tracing aims to track students’knowledge status over time to predict students’future performance *** a real environment,teachers expect knowledge tracing models to provide the interpretable result of knowledge *** chain-based knowledge tracing(MCKT)models,such as Bayesian Knowledge Tracing,can track knowledge concept mastery probability over ***,as the number of tracked knowledge concepts increases,the time complexity of MCKT predicting student performance increases exponentially(also called explaining away problem).When the number of tracked knowledge concepts is large,we cannot utilize MCKT to track knowledge concept mastery probability over *** addition,the existing MCKT models only consider the relationship between students’knowledge status and problems when modeling students’responses but ignore the relationship between knowledge concepts in the same *** address these challenges,we propose an inTerpretable pRobAbilistiC gEnerative moDel(TRACED),which can track students’numerous knowledge concepts mastery probabilities over *** solve explain away problem,we design long and short-term memory(LSTM)-based networks to approximate the posterior distribution,predict students’future performance,and propose a heuristic algorithm to train LSTMs and probabilistic graphical model *** better model students’exercise responses,we proposed a logarithmic linear model with three interactive strategies,which models students’exercise responses by considering the relationship among students’knowledge status,knowledge concept,and *** conduct experiments with four real-world datasets in three knowledge-driven *** experimental results show that TRACED outperforms existing knowledge tracing methods in predicting students’future performance and can learn the relationship among students,knowledge concepts,and problems from students’exercise *** also conduct several case *** case studies show that

关键词： probabilistic graphical model deep learning knowledge tracing learner modeling

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Multi-Task Chinese Speech Recognition Method Based on the Squeezeformer Model

IAENG International Journal of Computer Science

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IAENG International Journal of computer science 2025年第1期52卷 23-31页

作者： Guo, Ying Wang, Li School of Computer Science and software Engineering University of Science and Technology Liaoning Anshan114051 China College of Computer Science and Technology Liaoning Anshan114051 China

End-to-end training has emerged as a prominent trend in speech recognition, with Conformer models effectively integrating Transformer and CNN architectures. However, their complexity and high computational cost pose deployment challenges. To address these issues, we propose a multi-task Chinese speech recognition method based on the Squeezeformer model. We replace the FMCF structure in Conformer with an MF/CF structure, leveraging the convolutional module as a local Multi- Head Attention (MHA) module to enhance efficiency. Multilevel down-sampling and up-sampling using a time-series U-Net further reduce computational costs. By eliminating redundant LayerNorm layers and employing depthwise separable convolutions, we streamline the model, reduce parameters, and lower deployment costs. An Adaptor Layer is integrated into the MHSA module to mitigate the vanishing gradient problem, and a ScaleVar Layer is added to enhance flexibility. Additionally, the RealFormer module is introduced on the decoding side to improve context understanding. Combining Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) with attention-based encoding and decoding models for multi-task learning improves performance and accuracy. Experimental results show that the proposed method reduces the parameters on AISHELL-1 dataset by 16% and reduces the character error rate to 5.50%. At the same time, it also shows good performance on AISHELL-2 dataset. © (2025), (International Association of Engineers). All rights reserved.

关键词： Speech recognition

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Point cloud completion via structured feature maps using a feedback network

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Computational Visual Media 2023年第1期9卷 71-85页

作者： Zejia Su Haibin Huang Chongyang Ma Hui Huang Ruizhen Hu College of Computer Science&Software Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina Kuaishou Technology China

In this paper,we tackle the challenging problem of point cloud completion from the perspective of feature *** key observation is that to recover the underlying structures as well as surface details,given partial input,a fundamental component is a good feature representation that can capture both global structure and local geometric *** accordingly first propose FSNet,a feature structuring module that can adaptively aggregate point-wise features into a 2D structured feature map by learning multiple latent patterns from local *** then integrate FSNet into a coarse-to-fine pipeline for point cloud ***,a 2D convolutional neural network is adopted to decode feature maps from FSNet into a coarse and complete point ***,a point cloud upsampling network is used to generate a dense point cloud from the partial input and the coarse intermediate *** efficiently exploit local structures and enhance point distribution uniformity,we propose IFNet,a point upsampling module with a self-correction mechanism that can progressively refine details of the generated dense point *** have conducted qualitative and quantitative experiments on ShapeNet,MVP,and KITTI datasets,which demonstrate that our method outperforms stateof-the-art point cloud completion approaches.

关键词： 3D point clouds shape completion geometry processing deep learning

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Piercing Diametral Disks Induced by Edges of Maximum Spanning Trees

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Journal of Graph Algorithms and Applications 2024年第3期28卷 3-10页

作者： Karim Abu-Affash, A. Carmi, Paz Maman, Meytal Department of Software Engineering Shamoon College of Engineering Israel Department of Computer Science Ben-Gurion University Israel

Let P be a set of points in the plane and let T be a maximum-weight spanning tree of P. For an edge (p, q), let Dpq be the diametral disk induced by (p, q), i.e., the disk having the segment pq as its diameter. Let DT be the set of the diametral disks induced by the edges of T. In this paper, we show that one point is sufficient to pierce all the disks in DT. Actually, we show that the center of the smallest enclosing circle of P is contained in all the disks of DT, and thus the piercing point can be computed in linear time. © 2024, Brown University. All rights reserved.

关键词： Piercing

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On learning the right attention point for feature enhancement

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science China(Information sciences) 2023年第1期66卷 131-143页

作者： Liqiang LIN Pengdi HUANG Chi-Wing FU Kai XU Hao ZHANG Hui HUANG College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong School of Computer Science National University of Defense Technology School of Computing Science Simon Fraser University

We present a novel attention-based mechanism to learn enhanced point features for point cloud processing tasks, e.g., classification and segmentation. Unlike prior studies, which were trained to optimize the weights of a pre-selected set of attention points, our approach learns to locate the best attention points to maximize the performance of a specific task, e.g., point cloud classification. Importantly, we advocate the use of single attention point to facilitate semantic understanding in point feature learning. Specifically,we formulate a new and simple convolution, which combines convolutional features from an input point and its corresponding learned attention point(LAP). Our attention mechanism can be easily incorporated into state-of-the-art point cloud classification and segmentation networks. Extensive experiments on common benchmarks, such as Model Net40, Shape Net Part, and S3DIS, all demonstrate that our LAP-enabled networks consistently outperform the respective original networks, as well as other competitive alternatives, which employ multiple attention points, either pre-selected or learned under our LAP framework.

关键词： point convolution feature enhancement attention point deep neural network

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CLIP-Flow:Decoding images encoded in CLIP space

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Computational Visual Media 2024年第6期10卷 1157-1168页

作者： Hao Ma Ming Li Jingyuan Yang Or Patashnik Dani Lischinski Daniel Cohen-Or Hui Huang Visual Computing Research Center College of Computer Science and Software EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Department of Computer Science Tel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 6997801Israel School of Computer Science and Engineering the Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalem 91904Israel

This study introduces CLIP-Flow,a novel network for generating images from a given image or *** effectively utilize the rich semantics contained in both modalities,we designed a semantics-guided methodology for image-and text-to-image *** particular,we adopted Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining(CLIP)as an encoder to extract semantics and StyleGAN as a decoder to generate images from such ***,to bridge the embedding space of CLIP and latent space of StyleGAN,real NVP is employed and modified with activation normalization and invertible *** the images and text in CLIP share the same representation space,text prompts can be fed directly into CLIP-Flow to achieve text-to-image *** conducted extensive experiments on several datasets to validate the effectiveness of the proposed image-to-image synthesis *** addition,we tested on the public dataset Multi-Modal CelebA-HQ,for text-to-image *** validated that our approach can generate high-quality text-matching images,and is comparable with state-of-the-art methods,both qualitatively and quantitatively.

关键词： image-to-image text-to-image contrastive language-image pretraining(CLIP) flow StyleGAN

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Enhancing Arabic Cyberbullying Detection with End-to-End Transformer Model

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computer Modeling in engineering & sciences 2024年第11期141卷 1651-1671页

作者： Mohamed A.Mahdi Suliman Mohamed Fati Mohamed A.G.Hazber Shahanawaj Ahamad Sawsan A.Saad Information and Computer Science Department College of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Ha’ilHa’il55476Saudi Arabia Information Systems Department College of Computer and Information SciencesPrince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Software Engineering Department College of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Ha’ilHa’il55476Saudi Arabia Computer Engineering Department College of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Ha’ilHa’il55476Saudi Arabia

Cyberbullying,a critical concern for digital safety,necessitates effective linguistic analysis tools that can navigate the complexities of language use in online *** tackle this challenge,our study introduces a new approach employing Bidirectional Encoder Representations from the Transformers(BERT)base model(cased),originally pretrained in *** model is uniquely adapted to recognize the intricate nuances of Arabic online communication,a key aspect often overlooked in conventional cyberbullying detection *** model is an end-to-end solution that has been fine-tuned on a diverse dataset of Arabic social media(SM)tweets showing a notable increase in detection accuracy and sensitivity compared to existing *** results on a diverse Arabic dataset collected from the‘X platform’demonstrate a notable increase in detection accuracy and sensitivity compared to existing methods.E-BERT shows a substantial improvement in performance,evidenced by an accuracy of 98.45%,precision of 99.17%,recall of 99.10%,and an F1 score of 99.14%.The proposed E-BERT not only addresses a critical gap in cyberbullying detection in Arabic online forums but also sets a precedent for applying cross-lingual pretrained models in regional language applications,offering a scalable and effective framework for enhancing online safety across Arabic-speaking communities.

关键词： Cyberbullying offensive detection Bidirectional Encoder Representations from the Transformers(BERT) continuous bag of words Social Media natural language processing

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