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nPGSAO: A Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization and Genetic Algorithm with Niching Technology for Edge Server Placement

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第12期12卷 19370-19383页

作者： Wang, Bo Zhang, Zhifeng Song, Ying Chen, Ming Liu, Dongqing Software Engineering College Zhengzhou University of Light Industry Zhengzhou China Computer School Beijing Information Science and Technology University Beijing China School of Mathematics and Computer Science Tongling University Tongling China National Engineering Laboratory for Internet Medical Systems and Applications the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China

In this paper, we focus on the edge server placement problem (ESPP). ESPP is to decide positions (edge stations) where purchased edge servers (ESs) are placed when a service provider builds or upgrades its edge computing solution. The decision of ESPP largely determines the overall service quality and resource efficiency. We aim at providing ESPP solutions for optimizing the service quality in terms of the system response time, given a set of purchased ESs. To achieve this aim, we first deduce the optimal request dispatch for each edge station based on queue theory and Binomial theorem. Then, based on the deduced result, we formulate ESPP into a discrete nonlinear constrained optimization model. Because ESPP is NP-hard and generally multi-modality, we designed a hybrid metaheuristic algorithm to combine advantages of particle swarm optimization (PSO) and genetic algorithm (GA) as well as the niching technology, which is named nPGSAO. The basic idea of nPGSAO is grouping similar individuals into a niche and finding the niche best. Then, nPGSAO evolves each individual by integrating the swarm intelligence of PSO into the evolutionary process of GA based on its personal and niching best. To evaluate the performance of nPGSAO, we conducted extensive simulated experiments. The results show that nPGSAO achieves 5.78%–40.4% better response time with varied ESPP scale, compared to 11 up-to-date algorithms, and has a linear time complexity with the ESPP scale. These confirm the superior performance and scalability of nPGSAO. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Genetic algorithms

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Deepfake Detection: Emerging Techniques and Evolving Challenges 12

Deepfake Detection: Emerging Techniques and Evolving Challen...

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12th International Conference on Internet of Everything, Microwave, Embedded, Communication and Networks, IEMECON 2024

作者： Natarajan, Krishnaraj Mathur, Abeer Bhargava, Kshitiz Singh, Manvendra Tejpal, Moulik Department of Database Systems School of Computer Science & Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore India Department of Software Systems School of Computer Science & Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350387315

Several newly developed techniques and tools for manipulating images, audio, and videos have been introduced as an outcome of the recent and rapid breakthroughs in AI, machine learning, and deep learning. While most applications for these techniques or tools are in the fields of entertainment and education, some individuals with unlawful intent have also been benefited from them. These individuals use such techniques for various purposes, including the spread of misleading information and unnecessary propaganda, the incitement of political instability, hate and unrest, as well as for purposes of torture and blackmail. These high-quality and convincing manipulated images, audio, or videos are commonly referred to as ‘Deepfakes’. Since then, various solutions to the problems raised by Deepfakes have been proposed in academic studies. This literature review contains relevant publications that offered a variety of approaches to give an updated summary of the research activities in different types of Deepfake attacks, their detection, and countermeasures. It also assesses the effectiveness of the detection capabilities of different techniques with various datasets and algorithms applied in Deepfake detection, while also outlining the various benefits and drawbacks of various methodologies. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Deep learning

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CPL-SLAM: Centralized Collaborative Multi-Robot Visual-Inertial SLAM Using Point-and-Line Features

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第12期12卷 21866-21875页

作者： Liu, Xin Wen, Shuhuan Liu, Huaping Richard Yu, F. Yanshan University Engineering Research Center The Ministry of Education for Intelligent Control System and Intelligent Equipment Key Lab of Intelligent Rehabilitation and Neuroregulation in Hebei Province Department of Key Lab of Industrial Computer Control Engineering of Hebei Province Qinhuangdao066004 China Tsinghua University Department of Computer Science and Technology Beijing100084 China Shenzhen University College of Computer Science and Software Engineering China Carleton University Canada

Traditional visual-inertial SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) systems predominantly rely on feature point matching from a single robot to realize the robot pose estimation and environment map construction. However, in complex scenarios, these traditional systems struggle with issues such as tracking failures due to illumination changes, rapid movements, and low-texture environments, and they perform poorly in terms of mapping efficiency and global consistency. To address these challenges, we propose a centralized collaborative SLAM system that employs both point and line features for tracking in the robot and map fusion in the cloud. The proposed system leverages the fusion of point and line features across all instances in the process, which allows our method to achieve higher localization accuracy in structured, low-texture scenes. With the aid of classifying gravity-aligned vertical lines and spatial parallel lines, the proposed system can deliver faster and more accurate odometry in complex scenes. Furthermore, we developed intra-robot and inter-robot loop closure detection methods based on point and line features, generating a globally consistent sparse point cloud and structured scene map in the cloud. Our method is able to build richer maps while improving accuracy compared to existing methods. Experimental results on public datasets and in real-world environments show that, compared to existing advanced methods, our approach demonstrates better performance. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： SLAM robotics

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De-Biasing Methods in Neural Networks: A Survey

De-Biasing Methods in Neural Networks: A Survey

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2023 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics, ICMLC 2023

作者： Wang, Yixin Liu, Han College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350303780

Bias is a common problem in both human cognition and machine learning tasks. However, machines struggle more than humans with bias reduction, mainly because most algorithms rely on the assumption that the training data represent a full population in the real world. This assumption does not hold in most cases, i.e., collecting unbiased or representative data is challenging due to various factors such as sampling errors, human prejudices, and cultural differences. Therefore, bias mitigation has become an essential task in artifical intelligence. In recent years, significant progress has been made in improving the effectivess of debiasing, especially in computer vision. This paper provides a comprehensive review of de-biasing methods for neural networks trained on image data. Firstly, we present a formal defination of the bias mitigation problem and discuss some relevant topics. Moreover, we categorize the existing methods into three main types, namely, data-level methods that aim to balance or augment the training data, model-level methods that aim to modify or regularize the learning algorithms, and adversarial and ensembling approaches that use additional models to capture the biases present in data and to guide the training of the primary model. Finally, we conclude this survey and suggest potential research directions for the future. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Learning algorithms

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Adaptive Selection of BERT Layer for Multi-Label Text Classification

Adaptive Selection of BERT Layer for Multi-Label Text Classi...

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2023 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics, ICMLC 2023

作者： Chen, Zhichao Liu, Han Zhang, Qin College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350303780

Multi-label text classification is a special type of natural language processing tasks, which is more complex than traditional single-label classification. Moreover, due to the key strength of pre-trained language models such as BERT in feature embedding at both token and sentence levels, transfer learning driven text classification has become increasingly popular. In this context, it is a commonly used strategy to take the output of the last layer of BERT as sentence embedding for text classification. However, the above-mentioned way of obtaining sentence embedding may not always be suitable for multi-label text classification, i.e., the best layer that leads to the optimal performance of classification may be varied for different labels, especially when a multi-label classification task is transformed into several binary ones. In order to address the aforementioned issue, we set a validation data driven way in this paper to explore the performance of sentence embedding obtained from each layer and adaptively select the best layer to output the sentence vector for each specific label. The experimental results show that using a sentence vector obtained from an intermediate layer may lead to better performance in comparison with simply taking the output of the last layer as the adopted sentence embedding. The results also indicate the effectiveness of the above-mentioned adaptive selection of the best layer in improving the performance of multi-label text classification. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Embeddings

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Motivating Users to Atend to Privacy: A Theory-Driven Design Study

Motivating Users to Atend to Privacy: A Theory-Driven Design...

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2024 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference, DIS 2024

作者： Shiri, Varun Xiong, Maggie Cheng, Jinghui Guo, Jin L.C. Department of Computer and Software Engineering Polytechnique Montreal MontrealQC Canada School of Computer Science McGill University MontrealQC Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798400705830

In modern technology environments, raising users’ privacy awareness is crucial. Existing eforts largely focused on privacy policy presentation and failed to systematically address a radical challenge of user motivation for initiating privacy awareness. Leveraging the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT), we proposed design ideas and categories dedicated to motivating users to engage with privacy-related information. Using these design ideas, we created a conceptual prototype, enhancing the current App Store product page. Results from an online experiment and follow-up interviews showed that our design efectively motivated participants to attend to privacy issues, raising both the threat appraisal and coping appraisal, two main factors in PMT. Our work indicated that efective design should consider combining PMT components, calibrating information content, and integrating other design elements, such as visual cues and user familiarity. Overall, our study contributes valuable design considerations driven by the PMT to amplify the motivational aspect of privacy communication. © 2024 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Motivation

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A Reduced State-Space Generation Method for Concurrent Systems Based on CPN-PR Model

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IEEE Transactions on computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems 2025年第6期44卷 2328-2342页

作者： Zhong, Wenjie Sun, Tao Zhou, Jian-Tao Wang, Zhuowei Song, Xiaoyu Inner Mongolia University College of Computer Science the Engineering Research Center of Ecological Big Data Ministry of Education the Inner Mongolia Engineering Laboratory for Cloud Computing and Service Software the Inner Mongolia Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analysis Technology Hohhot010000 China Guangdong University of Technology School of Computer Science and Technology Guangzhou510006 China Portland State University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering PortlandOR97207 United States

Colored Petri nets (CPNs) provide descriptions of the concurrent behaviors for software and hardware. Model checking based on CPNs is an effective method to simulate and verify the concurrent behavior in system design. However, the model-checking method traverses the full state space, which suffers from the state-space explosion problem. A reduced state-space generation method related to the property of concurrent systems is proposed. Specifically, we extend CPNs to define a property-related model (CPN-PR) and give a property-related analysis method whose results can be used to generate the CPN-PR model. A reduced state-space generation method is developed based on enabled binding element filtering rules. The stutter trace equivalence between the state spaces of CPN and CPN-PR has been proven by showing that the reduced state space may not change the model-checking result. A comparison experiment is conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of our method. © 1982-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Model checking

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SFPL: Improving CRS via Prompt Learning based Semantic Fusion Module 4

SFPL: Improving CRS via Prompt Learning based Semantic Fusio...

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4th IEEE International Conference on Information Technology, Big Data and Artificial Intelligence, ICIBA 2024

作者： Song, Ao Lei, Zhou Chen, Shengbo Shanghai University College of Computer Engineering and Science Shanghai China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Computer Software Testing and Evaluating Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350363586

With the popularity of the Internet and the massive increase of content production, users are faced with massive information and content, and it is often difficult to accurately and efficiently find the content that meets their needs. This information overload motivates the emergence of recommendation systems that help users filter and recommend relevant content. Dialogue recommendation systems (CRS) aim to dynamically recommend high-quality items to users while eliciting user preferences by means of dialogue. CRS mainly consists of two parts, namely, the dialogue module and the recommendation module. An efficient CRS is to solve the problems existing in the two sub-tasks of dialogue and recommendation, namely, generating appropriate responses in dialogue and predicting user favorite items in recommendation. In addition, it is necessary to adopt a suitable method to integrate these two modules to ensure the accuracy of CRS recommendation. This paper proposes an efficient way of semantic fusion module to solve the integration problem of two modules, and proves the effectiveness of our method through experiments © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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Research advances on blockchain-as-a-service:architectures,applications and challenges

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Digital Communications and Networks 2022年第4期8卷 466-475页

作者： Jie Song Pengyi Zhang Mohammed Alkubati Yubin Bao Ge Yu Software College Northeastern University Shenyang110819China School of Computer Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819China

Due to the complexity of blockchain technology,it usually costs too much effort to build,maintain and monitor a blockchain system that supports a targeted *** this end,the emerging“Blockchain as a Service”(BaaS)makes the blockchain and distributed ledgers more accessible,particularly for businesses,by reducing costs and *** combines the high computing power of cloud computing,the pervasiveness of IoT and the decentralization of blockchain,allowing people to build their own applications while ensuring the transparency and openness of the *** paper surveys the research outputs of both academia and ***,it introduces the representative architectures of BaaS systems and then summarizes the research contributions of BaaS from the technologies for service provision,roles,container and virtualization,interfaces,customization and *** typical applications of BaaS in both academic and practical domains are also *** present,the research on the blockchain is abundant,but research on BaaS is still in its *** challenges of BaaS are concluded in this paper for further study directions.

关键词： Blockchain as a service Blockchain Service Internet of things Cloud computing

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Scale adaptive fitness evaluation‐based particle swarm optimisation for hyperparameter and architecture optimisation in neural networks and deep learning

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2023年第3期8卷 849-862页

作者： Ye‐Qun Wang Jian‐Yu Li Chun‐Hua Chen Jun Zhang Zhi‐Hui Zhan School of Computer Science and Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina School of Software Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina Hanyang University AnsanSouth Korea

Research into automatically searching for an optimal neural network(NN)by optimi-sation algorithms is a significant research topic in deep learning and artificial ***,this is still challenging due to two issues:Both the hyperparameter and ar-chitecture should be optimised and the optimisation process is computationally *** tackle these two issues,this paper focusses on solving the hyperparameter and architecture optimization problem for the NN and proposes a novel light‐weight scale‐adaptive fitness evaluation‐based particle swarm optimisation(SAFE‐PSO)***,the SAFE‐PSO algorithm considers the hyperparameters and architectures together in the optimisation problem and therefore can find their optimal combination for the globally best ***,the computational cost can be reduced by using multi‐scale accuracy evaluation methods to evaluate ***,a stagnation‐based switch strategy is proposed to adaptively switch different evaluation methods to better balance the search performance and computational *** SAFE‐PSO algorithm is tested on two widely used datasets:The 10‐category(i.e.,CIFAR10)and the 100−cate-gory(i.e.,CIFAR100).The experimental results show that SAFE‐PSO is very effective and efficient,which can not only find a promising NN automatically but also find a better NN than compared algorithms at the same computational cost.

关键词： deep learning evolutionary computation hyperparameter and architecture optimisation neural networks particle swarm optimisation scale‐adaptive fitness evaluation

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