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38th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, NeurIPS 2024

作者： Shu, Yao Fang, Jiongfeng He, Ying Tiffany Yu, Fei Richard China College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University China School of Information Technology Carleton University Canada

First-order optimization (FOO) algorithms are pivotal in numerous computational domains, such as reinforcement learning and deep learning. However, their application to complex tasks often entails significant optimization inefficiency due to their need of many sequential iterations for convergence. In response, we introduce first-order optimization expedited with approximately parallelized iterations (OptEx), the first general framework that enhances the optimization efficiency of FOO by leveraging parallel computing to directly mitigate its requirement of many sequential iterations for convergence. To achieve this, OptEx utilizes a kernelized gradient estimation that is based on the history of evaluated gradients to predict the gradients required by the next few sequential iterations in FOO, which helps to break the inherent iterative dependency and hence enables the approximate parallelization of iterations in FOO. We further establish theoretical guarantees for the estimation error of our kernelized gradient estimation and the iteration complexity of SGD-based OptEx, confirming that the estimation error diminishes to zero as the history of gradients accumulates and that our SGD-based OptEx enjoys an effective acceleration rate of Θ(√N) over standard SGD given parallelism of N, in terms of the sequential iterations required for convergence. Finally, we provide extensive empirical studies, including synthetic functions, reinforcement learning tasks, and neural network training on various datasets, to underscore the substantial efficiency improvements achieved by OptEx in practice. Our implementation is available at https://***/youyve/OptEx. © 2024 Neural information processing systems foundation. All rights reserved.

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Unveiling Stress: A Comparative Analysis of Multimodal Sensor Fusion Techniques for Predictive Modeling 2

Unveiling Stress: A Comparative Analysis of Multimodal Senso...

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2nd International Conference of Intelligent Methods, Systems and Applications, IMSA 2024

作者： Eldien, Noha A. Saad Ali, Raghda Essam Ezzeldin, Mustafa Zaher, Moamen Faculty of Computer Science Giza Egypt Helwan University Software Engineering Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence Cairo Egypt

ISBN: (纸本)9798350362633

Stress in professional environments is a significant concern. Medical professionals are particularly vulnerable to stress, especially during emergencies. Nurses hold a vital position in delivering care within hospital settings. It's crucial to anticipate stress levels among nurses to help them perform their duties effectively and avoid the long-term impacts of stress. This study seeks to explore how body sensors and machine learning techniques can be employed to monitor physiological signs and identify stress levels among nurses. It utilizes a benchmark dataset collected from 15 different nurses, including signals such as heart rate (HR), Electrodermal Activity (EDA), and Skin Temperature alongside location data extracted by an accelerometer. This study explores several fusion strategies, such as data, model, and prediction fusion levels to improve the accuracy and reliability of stress prediction models. Through a comparative analysis, this paper highlights the strengths and limitations of diverse fusion techniques. shedding light on their efficacy in capturing the nuanced features of stress. The findings offer valuable insights into the optimization of multimodal sensor fusion for enhanced stress prediction, creating pathways for reliable frameworks in the healthcare domain. This research conducted a comparative study between 3 different levels: data-fusion, model-fusion, and prediction-fusion. Prediction-level fusion outperformed both model-level fusion by 1.97% and data-level fusion by 1.26%. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Nursing

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ADiffGDA: Exploring Gene-Drug Associations via Adaptive Graph Diffusion Networks

ADiffGDA: Exploring Gene-Drug Associations via Adaptive Grap...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2024

作者： Zhang, Che Fan, Yanhao Hu, Xiaowen Qian, Yurong Deng, Lei Xinjiang University School of Software Urumqi China Central South University School of Computer Science and Engineering Changsha China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386226

Exploring gene-drug associations is a key step in identifying new drug candidates, but traditional experimental methods are often expensive and time-consuming. While Graph Neural Network (GNN)-based models have demonstrated effectiveness in association prediction tasks, they face challenges in the information aggregation process. Existing GNN models either treat all nodes uniformly or rely on simple attention mechanisms to assign weights to neighboring nodes, limiting their capacity to capture complex relationships and improve performance. To address these limitations, we propose a novel adaptive graph diffusion network, ADiffGDA, for gene-drug association prediction. The model begins by randomly initializing embeddings for genes and drugs, which are then updated through neighborhood information aggregation. A key feature of ADiffGDA is the incorporation of a heat kernel, enabling each node to dynamically adjust aggregation weights based on its local structure. This approach allows the model to better capture variations in node types and local neighborhood patterns. Through extensive comparative experiments, we show that ADiffGDA outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods. Furthermore, case studies validate its effectiveness as a predictive tool, offering valuable insights for future biological experiments. The code and datasets for ADiffGDA are freely available at https://***/one-melon/ADiffGDA. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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SyNet:Medical image anomaly detection with noise synthesis network 10

SyNet:Medical image anomaly detection with noise synthesis n...

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10th IEEE Conference on Big Data Security on Cloud, BigDataSecurity 2024

作者： Liu, Jingnian Liang, Wei Chen, Yuxiang Jin, Kai Hunan University of Science and Technology Hunan Key Laboratory for Service Computing and Novel Software Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering Xiangtang China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350389524

Medical image anomaly detection refers to machine learning techniques to analyze and identify lesions and abnormalities in them. However, in medical images, anomaly samples are usually sparse, which can lead to supervised learning not being able to obtain sufficient training. While existing unsupervised learning is mainly based on reconstruction and generation as well as feature embedding, these methods do not take into account the problem of data type bias during domain migration and often face the problem of loose judgment boundaries. To this end, this paper proposes a novel unsupervised learning method, SyNet, based on noisy anomaly synthesis. First, the problem at domain migration is well solved by aggregating the range of features within the feature map, fusing the multiscale features at the intermediate level, and adding feature adapters. Then, anomaly samples are synthesized by adding noise in the feature space, which is more efficient and stable than generating samples in the image space. Finally, normal and abnormal data are distinguished by training the discriminator. In this paper, experiments are conducted on ISIC and brain MRI datasets, and SyNet achieves nearly 20% improvement in AUC, ACC and other metrics compared with the current mainstream methods, and also has good inference efficiency. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Anomaly detection

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DTA-Net: Dual-Task Attention Network for Medical Image Segmentation and Classification

DTA-Net: Dual-Task Attention Network for Medical Image Segme...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2024

作者： Qi, Haifeng Shen, Siyuan Huang, Zhijian Deng, Lei Xinjiang University School of Software Urumqi China Central South University School of Computer Science and Engineering Changsha China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386226

Medical image segmentation and classification are fundamental tasks in computer-aided diagnosis, where accurate segmentation plays a key role in identifying disease-related features and regions of interest, thus aiding subsequent classification. In this paper, we propose a novel Dual-Task Attention Network (DTA-Net), which simultaneously generates high-quality segmentation masks and performs image classification by incorporating Electronic Medical Records (EMR). The DTA-Net architecture introduces an innovative Shared Proxy Attention Module (SPAM), which leverages a shared mapping function to effectively encode the attention weights of both queries and keys for spatial and channel attention. This dual attention mechanism facilitates complementary learning and interdependence between spatial and channel features. Notably, the proxy projection mechanism within SPAM significantly reduces the computational complexity of spatial attention to a linear level. We validated our approach on three datasets: MSD Prostate for prostate segmentation, the RICORD dataset for lung segmentation, and the iCTCF COVID-19 dataset for both segmentation and classification tasks. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed network achieves promising performance across all datasets. The source code is available at: https://***/HaifengQi/DTA-Net. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Medical imaging

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Fix the Tests: Augmenting LLMs to Repair Test Cases with Static Collector and Neural Reranker 35

Fix the Tests: Augmenting LLMs to Repair Test Cases with Sta...

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35th IEEE International Symposium on software Reliability engineering, ISSRE 2024

作者： Liu, Jun Yan, Jiwei Xie, Yuanyuan Yan, Jun Zhang, Jian State Key Laboratory of Computer Science Institute of Software China Chinese Academy of Sciences Technology Center of Software Engineering Institute of Software China China UCAS School of Intelligent Science and Technology Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353884

During software evolution, it is advocated that test code should co-evolve with production code. In real development scenarios, test updating may lag behind production code changing, which may cause compilation failure or bring other troubles. Existing techniques based on pre-trained language models can be directly adopted to repair obsolete tests caused by such unsynchronized code changes, especially syntactic-related ones. However, the lack of task-oriented contextual information affects the repair accuracy on large-scale projects. Starting from an obsolete test, the key challenging task is precisely identifying and constructing Test-Repair-Oriented Contexts (TROCtxs) from the whole repository within a limited token *** this paper, we propose Synter (SYNtactic-breaking- changes-induced TEst Repair), a novel approach based on LLMs to automatically repair obsolete test cases via precise and concise TROCtxs construction. Inspired by developers' programming practices, we design three types of TROCtx: class context, usage context, and environment context. Given an obsolete test case to repair, Synter firstly collects the related code information for each type of TROCtx through static analysis techniques automatically. Then, it generates reranking queries to identify the most relevant TROCtxs, which will be taken as the repair-required key contexts and be input to the large language model for the final test *** evaluate the effectiveness of Synter, we construct a benchmark dataset that contains a set of obsolete tests caused by syntactic breaking changes. The experimental results show that Synter outperforms baseline approaches both on textual- and intent-matching metrics. With the augmentation of constructed TROCtxs, hallucinations are reduced by 57.1%. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Syntactics

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Temperature-Constrained Computation Time Minimization for Integrated Tasks in UAV-Assisted MEC Networks 24

Temperature-Constrained Computation Time Minimization for In...

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24th IEEE International Conference on Communication Technology, ICCT 2024

作者： Hao, Yuyu Bao, Lingyan Li, Hai Zhao, Mingxiong Macau University of Science and Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering Macau China Yunnan University National Pilot School of Software Kunming China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350363760

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)-assisted mobile edge computing (MEC) leverages UAVs' mobility and cost-effectiveness to handle computation-intensive tasks at the network edge. However, limited energy supply and hardware costs can cause high CPU temperatures due to excessive heat dissipation when processing demanding tasks. To address this, we study a UAV-assisted MEC network where the UAV provides computing services during flight, aiming to minimize users' average computation time under CPU temperature constraints. We jointly optimize the UAV's trajectory, resource allocation, and task scheduling, breaking the problem into four subproblems solved iteratively. Simulations confirm that the proposed algorithm meets thermal constraints while reducing average computation time. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

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A Hybrid Method to Measure Distribution Consistency of Mixed-Attribute Datasets

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2023年第1期4卷 182-196页

作者： He, Yulin Ye, Xuan Huang, Defa Fournier-Viger, Philippe Huang, Joshua Zhexue College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China

Random sample partition (RSP) is a newly developed data management and processing model for Big Data processing and analysis. To apply the RSP model for Big Data computation tasks, it is very important to measure the distribution consistency of different datasets. Existing measurement methods for continuous-attribute and discrete-attribute datasets cannot directly deal with mixed-attribute datasets. In this article, we design a hybrid method to measure the distribution consistency among different mixed-attribute datasets by using a multilayer extreme learning machine (MLELM) and the generalized maximum mean discrepancy (GMMD) criterion, abbreviated as MLELM-GMMD. MLELM is first used to transform original mixed-attribute datasets into corresponding deep encoding datasets. Then, the GMMD criterion is applied to check the distribution consistency of the deep encoding datasets. Four experiments have been done to validate the feasibility and effectiveness of MLELM-GMMD, i.e., the impact of MLELM on the amount of information during mixed-attribute data transformation, the impact of MLELM on distributions of mixed-attribute data, the distribution consistencies of RSP and non-RSP data blocks, and the comparison with other measurement methods. Experimental results show that the proposed MLELM-GMMD method can measure the distribution consistency of mixed-attribute datasets more accurately than one-hot encoding-based methods. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Data mining

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Understanding the Impact of Unexpected Cobot Movements on Human Stress Levels: A Time Series Classification Task

Understanding the Impact of Unexpected Cobot Movements on Hu...

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2024 Workshop on Embracing Human-Aware AI in Industry 5.0, HAII5.0 2024

作者： Shilon, Lior Shevtsov, Vladyslav Schillreff, Nadia Rother, Anne Mark, Shlomo Spiliopoulou, Myra Department of Software Engineering Sami Shamoon College of Engineering Ashdod Israel Faculty of Computer Science Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg Germany

This study investigates the impact of unexpected stimuli on participants’ stress levels during human-robot interactions (HRI). We designed an experiment, where a cobot performs writing tasks, as well as some unexpected actions, intended to surprise the human observer. During this experiment, we are continuously monitoring physiological responses through Electrodermal Activity (EDA) and Electrocardiogram (ECG) sensors. Our goal was to capture the relationship between surprising actions by the cobot and indicators of change in the human stress levels. We employed time series classification techniques, namely ROCKET, Shapelet Transform and WEASEL, along with Support Vector Machine (SVM) analysis on temporal segments. This approach enabled us to develop a binary classification model on stress levels. Our research contributes to the design of AI systems that can detect changes in the stress levels of humans who interact with cobots that perform unexpected actions. Thus, we work towards the improvement of safety protocols in HRI. © 2024 Copyright for this paper by its authors.

关键词： Collaborative robots

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Simultaneous Bulk-and Surface-initiated Living Polymerization Studied with a Heterogeneous Stochastic Reaction Model

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Chinese Journal of Polymer science 2024年第3期42卷 364-372,I0008页

作者： Jia-Shu Ma Zhi-Ning Huang Jia-Hao Li Bang-Ping Jiang Yan-Da Liao Shi-Chen Ji Xing-Can Shen State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources(Ministry of Education of China)School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilin 541004China School of Computer Science and Engineering&School of Software Guangxi Normal UniversityGuilin 541004China

To better characterize the properties of surface-initiated polymers, simultaneous bulk-and surface-initiated polymerizations are usually carried out by assuming that the properties of the surface-initiated polymers resemble those of the bulk-initiated polymers. Through a Monte Carlo simulation using a heterogeneous stochastic reaction model, it was discovered that the bulk-initiated polymers exhibit a higher molecular weight and a lower dispersity than the corresponding surface-initiated polymers, which indicates that the equivalent assumption is invalid. Furthermore, the molecular weight distributions of the two types of polymers are also different, suggesting different polymerization mechanisms. The results can be simply explained by the heterogeneous distributions of reactants in the system. This study is helpful to better understand surface-initiated polymerization.

关键词： Surface-initiated polymerization Polymer brush Stochastic reaction model Heterogeneous polymerization Simultaneous polymerization

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