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arXiv 2023年

作者： Ma, Jie Wang, Pinghui Kong, Dechen Wang, Zewei Liu, Jun Pei, Hongbin Zhao, Junzhou Di, Jia The Ministry of Education of Key Laboratory for Intelligent Networks and Network Security School of Cyber Science and Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China The Ministry of Education of Key Laboratory for Intelligent Networks and Network Security School of Automation Science and Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China The Shannxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Big Data Knowledge Engineering School of Computer Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China

Visual question answering requires a system to provide an accurate natural language answer given an image and a natural language question. However, it is widely recognized that previous generic VQA methods often tend to memorize biases present in the training data rather than learning proper behaviors, such as grounding images before predicting answers. Therefore, these methods usually achieve high in-distribution but poor out-of-distribution performance. In recent years, various datasets and debiasing methods have been proposed to evaluate and enhance the VQA robustness, respectively. This paper provides the first comprehensive survey focused on this emerging fashion. Specifically, we first provide an overview of the development process of datasets from in-distribution and out-of-distribution perspectives. Then, we examine the evaluation metrics employed by these datasets. Thirdly, we propose a typology that presents the development process, similarities and differences, robustness comparison, and technical features of existing debiasing methods. Furthermore, we analyze and discuss the robustness of representative vision-and-language pre-training models on VQA. Finally, through a thorough review of the available literature and experimental analysis, we discuss the key areas for future research from various viewpoints. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Visual languages

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Multi-Pair Temporal Sentence Grounding via Multi-Thread Knowledge Transfer Network 39

Multi-Pair Temporal Sentence Grounding via Multi-Thread Know...

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39th Annual AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2025

作者： Fang, Xiang Fang, Wanlong Wang, Changshuo Liu, Daizong Tang, Keke Dong, Jianfeng Zhou, Pan Li, Beibei Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology China Key Laboratory of Data Protection and Intelligent Management Sichuan University Ministry of Education China Nanyang Technological University Singapore Peking University China Guangzhou University China Zhejiang Gongshang University China

ISBN: (纸本)157735897X

Given some video-query pairs with untrimmed videos and sentence queries, temporal sentence grounding (TSG) aims to locate query-relevant segments in these videos. Although previous respectable TSG methods have achieved remarkable success, they train each video-query pair separately and ignore the relationship between different pairs. To this end, in this paper, we pose a brand-new setting: Multi-Pair TSG, which aims to co-train these pairs. We propose a novel video-query co-training approach, Multi-Thread Knowledge Transfer Network, to locate a variety of video-query pairs effectively and efficiently. Firstly, we mine the spatial and temporal semantics across different queries to cooperate with each other. To learn intra- and inter-modal representations simultaneously, we design a cross-modal contrast module to explore the semantic consistency by a self-supervised strategy. To fully align visual and textual representations between different pairs, we design a prototype alignment strategy to 1) match object prototypes and phrase prototypes for spatial alignment, and 2) align activity prototypes and sentence prototypes for temporal alignment. Finally, we develop an adaptive negative selection module to adaptively generate a threshold for cross-modal matching. Extensive experiments show the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed method. © 2025, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (***). All rights reserved.

关键词： Modal analysis

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AR-CNN: an attention ranking network for learning urban perception

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2022年第1期65卷 164-174页

作者： Zhetao LI Ziwen CHEN Wei-Shi ZHENG Sangyoon OH Kien NGUYEN Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Internet of Things and Information Security Xiangtan University Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing & Information Processing of Ministry of Education Xiangtan University School of Data and Computer Science Sun Yat-sen University Department of Computer and Information Engineering Ajou University Graduate School of Engineering Chiba University

An increasing number of deep learning methods is being applied to quantify the perception of urban environments, study the relationship between urban appearance and resident safety, and improve urban appearance. Most advanced methods extract image feature representations from street-level images through conventional visual computation algorithms or deep convolutional neural networks and then directly predict the results using features. Unfortunately, these methods take color and texture information together during processing. Color and texture are prime image features, and they affect human perception and judgment differently. We argue that color and texture should be operated differently; therefore, we formulate an end-to-end learning methodology to process input images according to color and texture information before inputting it into the neural network. The processed images and the original image constitute three input streams for the triad attention ranking convolutional neural network(AR-CNN) model proposed in this *** accordance with the aspects of color and texture, an improved attention mechanism in the convolution layer is proposed. Our objective is to obtain the scores of humans on urban appearance in accordance with the prediction results computed from pairwise comparisons generated by the AR-CNN model.

关键词： ranking network urban perception attribute learning attention network colour and texture

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CacheAlarm: Monitoring Sensitive Behaviors of Android Apps Using Cache Side Channel

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IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing 2025年

作者： Tian, Jianwen Ma, Haoyu Gao, Debin Kuang, Xiaohui Academy of Military Sciences Institute of System Engineering China Beijing Jiaotong University School of Cyberspace Science and Technology Beijing100044 China Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing Key Laboratory of Security and Privacy in Intelligent Transportation Beijing100045 China Singapore Management University School of Computing and Information Systems Singapore

Malware attack has been a serious threat to the security and privacy of both individual and corporation users of the Android platform. Business entities seek to protect themselves by means of monitoring privacy-related sensitive behaviors conducted on company-issued Android devices. However, due to Android's own access control and privacy protection policies, this is difficult to be done with third-party apps using only normal privileges. Existing works proposed using side-channel readings from leaky APIs and system virtual files to speculate runtime app behaviors, which could be unreliable due to future system updates (that ban exploited resources), hardware jittering, etc. In this paper, we argue that a more traditional side-channel attack strategy, namely the CPU-cache-based side channel, could be exploited in the benign scenario of app behavior surveillance. Specifically, we propose CacheAlarm, a sensitive app behavior monitor and foreground app identification system, which works by measuring cache side-channel readings of selected methods within the Android framework, and conducted in-lab and in-the-wild user studies to compare the effectiveness of our scheme against SideNet, a previous Android app behavior surveillance scheme using API-based side channels. Results of the studies suggested that CacheAlarm outperforms SideNet on the accuracy of detecting sensitive behaviors in addition to gaining the capability of detecting apps running at foreground of the user device. © 2025 IEEE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Android malware

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TPE-H2MWD:an exact thumbnail preserving encryption scheme with hidden Markov model and weighted diffusion

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2023年第8期24卷 1169-1180页

作者： Xiuli CHAI Xiuhui CHEN Yakun MA Fang ZUO Zhihua GAN Yushu ZHANG School of Artificial Intelligence Henan Engineering Research Center for Industrial Internet of ThingsHenan UniversityZhengzhou450046China Henan Key Laboratory of Cyberspace Situation Awareness Zhengzhou450001China School of Software Intelligent Data Processing Engineering Research Center of Henan ProvinceInstitute of Intelligent Network SystemHenan UniversityKaifeng475004China College of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing211106China

With the substantial increase in image transmission,the demand for image security is ***-like images can be obtained by conventional encryption schemes,and although the security of the images can be guaranteed,the noise-like images cannot be directly previewed and *** on the rank-then-encipher method,some researchers have designed a three-pixel exact thumbnail preserving encryption(TPE2)scheme,which can be applied to balance the security and availability of images,but this scheme has low encryption *** this paper,we introduce an efficient exact thumbnail preserving encryption ***,blocking and bit-plane decomposition operations are performed on the plaintext *** zigzag scrambling model is used to change the bit positions in the lower four bit ***,an operation is devised to permute the higher four bit planes,which is an extended application of the hidden Markov ***,according to the difference in bit weights in each bit plane,a bit-level weighted diffusion rule is established to generate an encrypted image and still maintain the same sum of pixels within the *** results show that the proposed scheme improves the encryption efficiency and can guarantee the availability of images while protecting their privacy.

关键词： Hidden Markov model Weighted diffusion Balance between usability and privacy Image encryption

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MAGIC: Detecting Advanced Persistent Threats via Masked Graph Representation Learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Jia, Zian Xiong, Yun Nan, Yuhong Zhang, Yao Zhao, Jinjing Wen, Mi Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science School of Computer Science Fudan University China School of Software Engineering Sun Yat-sen University China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Information System Security China Shanghai University of Electric Power China

Advance Persistent Threats (APTs), adopted by most delicate attackers, are becoming increasing common and pose great threat to various enterprises and institutions. data provenance analysis on provenance graphs has emerged as a common approach in APT detection. However, previous works have exhibited several shortcomings: (1) requiring attack-containing data and a priori knowledge of APTs, (2) failing in extracting the rich contextual information buried within provenance graphs and (3) becoming impracticable due to their prohibitive computation overhead and memory consumption. In this paper, we introduce MAGIC, a novel and flexible self-supervised APT detection approach capable of performing multi-granularity detection under different level of supervision. MAGIC leverages masked graph representation learning to model benign system entities and behaviors, performing efficient deep feature extraction and structure abstraction on provenance graphs. By ferreting out anomalous system behaviors via outlier detection methods, MAGIC is able to perform both system entity level and batched log level APT detection. MAGIC is specially designed to handle concept drift with a model adaption mechanism and successfully applies to universal conditions and detection scenarios. We evaluate MAGIC on three widely-used datasets, including both real-world and simulated attacks. Evaluation results indicate that MAGIC achieves promising detection results in all scenarios and shows enormous advantage over state-of-the-art APT detection approaches in performance overhead. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Anomaly detection

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An autofocus network for multi-channel phase errors with application to tomoSAR imaging

An autofocus network for multi-channel phase errors with app...

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IET International Radar Conference (IRC 2023)

作者： Muhan Wang Silin Gao Zhe Zhang Xiaolan Qiu Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-spatial Information Processing and Application System Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 People's Republic of China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Aerospace Big Data Application Technology Suzhou 215123 People's Republic of China

ISBN: (数字)9781837240982

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) tomography (TomoSAR) has garnered significant attention due to its capability for three-dimensional reconstruction. Compressed sensing (CS) methods are widely employed to address the TomoSAR inversion challenge. Nevertheless, practical applications reveal phase errors among different channels, resulting in defocusing and blurring when relying solely on CS for 3D reconstruction. Current state-of-the-art autofocus techniques suffer from prohibitive computational complexity, limiting their applicability to large-scale 3D imaging. In pursuit of efficient TomoSAR 3-D autofocusing, we proposed ASAMP-Net, an innovative deep unfolding network. Operating within a two-step framework, each layer comprises two stages: phase error estimation and iterative scattering coefficient reconstruction using the sparse adaptive matching pursuit (SAMP) algorithm. Additionally, phase error estimation is obtained through mathematical derivation, while challenges associated with fixed sparsity and limited efficiency in conventional methods are mitigated through deep learning techniques. Simulation experiments and real data validation affirm the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method.

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Point Cloud Compression Method Based on Curvature Grading and Inter-point Compression for Industrial Products

Point Cloud Compression Method Based on Curvature Grading an...

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International Conference on Cyber-Enabled Distributed Computing and Knowledge Discovery, CyberC

作者： Lei Wang Wei Huang Yiping Chen Ran Chen School of Computer Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing P. R. China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Big Data Security and Intelligent Processing Nanjing P. R. China

The traditional point cloud compression methods fail to meet the compression requirements of complex surface point cloud files in the industrial field. This paper proposes a point cloud compression method suitable for industrial products with defective and complex surfaces, which compresses the defect and non-defect parts separately using different compression approaches. A curvature-based compression method is designed for the defect points, and an inter-point compression method is developed for the non-defect part, achieving compression of both components of the point cloud. The experimental results show the advantages of the proposed compression method through a comparative analysis of time efficiency, compression ratio, and reconstruction accuracy for industrial point cloud compression.

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Circular Decomposition and Cross-Modal Recombination for Multimodal Sentiment Analysis

Circular Decomposition and Cross-Modal Recombination for Mul...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Haijian Liang Weicheng Xie Xilin He Siyang Song Linlin Shen School of Computer Science & Software Engineering Computer Vision Institue Shenzhen University Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Shenzhen University School of Computing and Mathematical Sciences University of Leicester National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen University

Multimodal Sentiment Analysis is a burgeoning research area, leveraging various modalities to predict the sentiment score. Nevertheless, previous studies have disregarded the impact of noise interference on specific modal sentiments during video recording, thereby compromising the accuracy of sentiment prediction. In this paper, we propose the Guided Circular Decomposition and Cross-Modal Recombination (GCD-CMR) model, which aims to eliminate contaminated sentiment features in a fine-grained way. To achieve this, we utilize tailored global information specific to each modality to guide the circular decomposing process in the GCD module, to produce a set of sentiment prototypes. Subsequently, in the CMR module, we align cross-modal sentiment prototypes and remove the contaminated prototypes for recombination. Experimental results on two publicly available datasets demonstrate that our model surpasses state-of-the-art models, confirming the effectiveness of our proposed method. We release the code at: https://***/nianhua20/GCD-CMR.

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MSONoC: A Metasurface-assisted Hybrid Waveguide/FSO Network-on-Chip Architecture

IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking

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IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking 2024年

作者： Sun, Wei Li, Jingsi Guo, Pengxing He, Xiangyu Wang, Zimo Hu, Cong Liu, Weichen Hou, Weigang Guo, Lei School of Communications and Information Engineering Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing400065 China Institute of Intelligent Communications and Network Security Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing400065 China Key Laboratory of Big Data Intelligent Computing Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing400065 China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Automatic Detecting Technology and Instruments Guilin University of Electronic Technology Guilin541004 China School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore

Optical networks-on-chips (ONoCs) have emerged as the most promising solution for on-chip interconnection networks, offering distinct advantages such as high bandwidth and low latency. However, traditional wired-based ONoCs often suffer from a high average number of hops, leading to challenges such as increased insertion loss, crosstalk noise, and energy consumption. Therefore, this paper presents a novel ONoC structure known as the metasurface ONoC (MSONoC), which integrates wired waveguide and free-space optical (FSO) transmission with the assistance of metasurfaces. Specifically, this work encompasses the design of a passive metasurface structure tailored for ONoCs, a virtual network cluster partitioning method, an optical metasurface access points select strategy, and a shortest-path routing algorithm. Performance verification is conducted using a modified Noxim simulator. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed MSONoC offers advantages over traditional NoCs, radio frequency (RF)-based hybrid wired/wireless NoCs, and wired-based ONoCs in terms of throughput, delay, energy consumption, and signal-to-noise ratio under both synthetic traffic and real traffic models. These improvements proves the effectiveness of the MSONoC architecture in optimizing network performance, making it a promising solution for high-performance, energy-efficient communication in on-chip networks. © 2017 IEEE.

关键词： Network-on-chip

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