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Hybrid signal fusion for target detection in distributed PA-MIMO radar systems on moving platforms

IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic systems 2025年

作者： Zhou, Dingsen Yang, Minglei Lian, Hao Greco, Maria Sabrina Gini, Fulvio Xidian University National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing Shaanxi Xi'an710071 China Science and Technology on Underwater Test and Control Laboratory Dalian116013 China University of Pisa Department of Information Engineering Pisa56122 Italy

Distributed phased multiple-input multiple-output (PA-MIMO) radar systems on moving platforms combine the spatial diversity of MIMO radars with the coherent gain of phased-array radars, making them ideal for dynamic environments. However, challenges such as motion-induced channel variability, Doppler shifts, and complex parameter estimation often hinder target detection. Traditional methods like non-coherent fusion (NCF) and coherent fusion (CF) struggle to adapt to such variability, leading to suboptimal performance. In this paper, we propose a hybrid signal fusion (HSF) scheme that integrates joint space-time-phase compensation (JSTPC) with a compressed fusion network. The JSTPC module mitigates motion-induced phase errors and ensures precise alignment of received signals, while the compressed fusion network combines CF and NCF stages, leveraging their respective strengths to adaptively manage channel correlation variability. We also develop a joint parameter estimation algorithm to accurately extract direction of departure, direction of arrival, and Doppler frequency, thereby ensuring precise signal reconstruction and enhancing the detection process by estimating key parameters in real time. Theoretical analyses of detection thresholds and probabilities, derived using moment-matching techniques, further validate the reliability of the proposed scheme. Monte Carlo simulations and theoretical analyses for diverse radar configurations and channel correlation scenarios show that the proposed HSF scheme achieves 2 dB detection gain improvement over NCF. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Frequency estimation

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The Enhancing Effect of the East Asian Subtropical Westerly Jet on Summer Extreme High-Temperature Events over Central-Eastern China Since the Late 1990s

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2025年第3期42卷 453-466页

作者： Chujie GAO Yuyu NIU Gen LI Shanlei SUN Bo LU Chaofan LI Bei XU Jinglong HUANG Xiubao SUN College of Oceanography&Key Laboratory of Marine Hazards Forecasting Ministry of Natural ResourcesHohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education(KLME)&Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD)Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China Laboratory for Climate Studies and CMA-NJU Joint Laboratory for Climate Prediction Studies National Climate CenterChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Xiong’an Institute of Meteorological Artificial Intellegence Xiong'an 071708China Center for Monsoon System Research Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China College of Intelligent Science and Control Engineering Jinling Institute of TechnologyNanjing 211169China

The increase in frequency and intensity of Extreme High-temperature Events(EHEs)over Central-Eastern China(CEC)in recent decades has severely impacted social development and *** observation and reanalysis datasets,this study explores the effect of the East Asian subtropical westerly jet stream(EAJ)on the CEC EHEs for the summers spanning 1979–*** its general relative location to the right side of the upper-level jet stream exit region,CEC would theoretically suffer more EHEs with a stronger and northwardly-shifted EAJ in summer due to the likelihood of abnormal subsidence induced by the ***,such an EAJ–EHE connection has been unstable over the past four decades but has displayed an evident interdecadal *** the late 1990s,the interannual variation of the EAJ was manifested mainly by its meridional displacement in the northeastern part of East Asia;thus,the atmospheric responses were essentially located to the east of CEC,exerting less of an influence on the CEC ***,since the late 1990s,the EAJ variation has featured an intensity change in its center over the northwest portion of the CEC,which has resulted in a westward shift in atmospheric responses to cover the CEC ***,the EAJ could potentially affect the summer CEC EHEs during 2000–*** findings offer support for an in-depth understanding of the formation mechanisms of extreme weather/climate events of this nature and thus provide a scientific reference for seasonal climate predictions.

关键词： summer extreme high-temperature events East Asian subtropical jet atmospheric circulation central-eastern China interdecadal change

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Gifts from Gallery: Advancing Image Retrieval via Unsupervised Asymmetric Feature Fusion

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IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 2025年

作者： Zhou, Wengang Wu, Hui Wang, Min Li, Houqiang University of Science and Technology of China CAS Key Laboratory of Technology in Geospatial Information Processing and Application System Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science Hefei230027 China Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hefei230030 China

Asymmetric retrieval systems, characterized by the deployment of models with varying capacities on platforms with differing computational and storage resources, pose a challenge in balancing retrieval efficiency and accuracy. The recent introduction of the Asymmetric Feature Fusion (AFF) paradigm has shown promise by enhancing existing asymmetric retrieval systems through feature fusion on the gallery side. However, its reliance on extensive human-annotated data hinders practical applicability. To this end, we introduce an innovative unsupervised training method tailored for AFF. Leveraging multiple gallery models as feature extractors, our approach exploits similarities among images encoded by these models as pseudolabels. For each gallery model, we calculate its adaptive weight through an in-depth exploration of contextual relationships among ranking list images in its embedding spaces. Subsequently, these weights are utilized to effectively fuse the image similarities encoded by different gallery models into a more robust one. The fused image similarities provide powerful pseudo-supervision for training AFF. Our unsupervised training approach enhances the generality and utility of AFF in real-world scenarios, particularly when labeled data is limited or expensive to obtain. Exhaustive experiments on various landmark retrieval datasets demonstrate the superiority of our method. © 1999-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Multimedia systems

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Robust Dual-Model Collaborative Broad Learning system for Classification Under Label Noise Environments

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年

作者： Deng, Wu Shen, Jiuru Ding, Jianming Zhao, Huimin Civil Aviation University of China College of Electronic Information and Automation Tianjin300300 China Civil Aviation University of China Tianjin Key Laboratory for Advanced Signal Processing Tianjin300300 China Southwest Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System Chengdu610031 China State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu610031 China

Broad Learning system (BLS) has shown remarkable results in various machine learning tasks, but the fragility of BLS based on the minimum mean square error criterion under the label noise environment in Internet of Things(IoT) limits its application. To solve these problems, a dual-model collaborative label adaptive correction BLS based on the collaboration of KRPBLS and SKBLS, namely SC-KSBLS is proposed to significantly improve the robustness of BLS under label noise environment. Firstly, a new broad learning system based on the Kernel risk-sensitive mean p-power(KRP) criterion, namely KRPBLS is developed to overcome the sensitivity by optimizing the output weight matrix and replacing the minimum mean square error criterion. Then, the label feature space is constructed, and the popular regularization strategy is designed to construct the SKBLS model with the collaborative training of KRP criterion and regularization to improve the learning ability of BLS. Finally, the interaction mechanism between KRPBLS and SKBLS is designed to effectively identify and correct label noise. The robustness theory of the SC-KSBLS has been analyzed and proven. The experimental results on nine datasets in IoT show that the SC-KSBLS significantly improves the robustness and performance, which provide an innovative solution under label noise environment. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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GITANet: Group Interactive Threshold-based Attention Network for Hyperspectral Image Classification

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IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 2025年

作者： Duan, Yule Chen, Chuang Fu, Maixia Gong, Xiuwen Niu, Yingying Luo, Fulin The University of Sydney Faculty of Engineering NSW2006 Australia Henan University of Technology Key Laboratory of Grain Information Processing and Control Ministry of Education Zhengzhou450001 China Henan University of Technology Key Laboratory of Grain Photoelectric Detection and Control Zhengzhou450001 China Chongqing University College of Computer Science Chongqing400044 China

Group convolution networks have shown great potential in hyperspectral image (HSI) classification because of their ability to divide total spectral bands into multiple groups and focus on fine discrimination within different spectral ranges. Most group convolution networks process parallel spectral groups independently;however, they neglect the important relevance of nearby spectral ranges. Moreover, the feature maps from different spectral groups are not considered for recalibration in the existing attention. To address these issues, we propose a novel group interactive threshold attention network (GITANet). In the network, a stratified-split-concatenation strategy, which not only splits all bands into multiple groups for intragroup convolution but also propagates the intergroup information via the stratified concatenation operation between different groups, is designed for bandwise group convolution. Relying on the high dependencies among nearby spectra, the cross-group interactive attention block is designed to encourage significant spectral features. Subsequently, from different spectral ranges, a learnable threshold generation block is built to estimate the information validity of each pixel. On the basis of this threshold, soft threshold spatial attention is developed in the bandwise encoderdecoder architecture, which emphasizes high-value spatial areas during the fusion of group convolutional features. Therefore, complementary and discriminative spectral-spatial features are obtained to improve the performance of HSI classification. The experimental results on three HSI datasets illustrate that GITANet is superior to several state-of-the-art networks. © 1999-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Convolution

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Graph Chirp Signal and Graph Fractional Vertex-Frequency Energy Distribution

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Cui, Manjun Zhang, Zhichao School of Mathematics and Statistics The Center for Applied Mathematics of Jiangsu Province The Jiangsu International Joint Laboratory on System Modeling and Data Analysis Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing210044 China School of Mathematics and Statistics Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing210044 China Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Key Laboratory of Computational Science and Application of Hainan Province Hainan Normal University Haikou571158 China

Graph signal processing (GSP) has emerged as a powerful framework for analyzing data on irregular domains. In recent years, many classical techniques in signal processing (SP) have been successfully extended to GSP. Among them, chirp signals play a crucial role in various SP applications. However, graph chirp signals have not been formally defined despite their importance. Here, we define graph chirp signals and establish a comprehensive theoretical framework for their analysis. We propose the graph fractional vertex-frequency energy distribution (GFED), which provides a powerful tool for processing and analyzing graph chirp signals. We introduce the general fractional graph distribution (GFGD), a generalized vertex-frequency distribution, and the reduced interference GFED, which can suppress cross-term interference and enhance signal clarity. Furthermore, we propose a novel method for detecting graph signals through GFED domain filtering, facilitating robust detection and analysis of graph chirp signals in noisy environments. Moreover, this method can be applied to real-world data for denoising more effective than some state-of-the-arts, further demonstrating its practical significance. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Wiener filtering

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DenseSplat: Densifying Gaussian Splatting SLAM with Neural Radiance Prior

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Li, Mingrui Liu, Shuhong Deng, Tianchen Wang, Hongyu the Department of Computer Science Dalian University of Technology Dalian China the Department of Mechano-informatics Information Science and Technology The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Institute of Medical Robotics Department of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong University Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education China

Gaussian SLAM systems excel in real-time rendering and fine-grained reconstruction compared to NeRF-based systems. However, their reliance on extensive keyframes is impractical for deployment in real-world robotic systems, which typically operate under sparse-view conditions that can result in substantial holes in the map. To address these challenges, we introduce DenseSplat, the first SLAM system that effectively combines the advantages of NeRF and 3DGS. DenseSplat utilizes sparse keyframes and NeRF priors for initializing primitives that densely populate maps and seamlessly fill gaps. It also implements geometry-aware primitive sampling and pruning strategies to manage granularity and enhance rendering efficiency. Moreover, DenseSplat integrates loop closure and bundle adjustment, significantly enhancing frame-to-frame tracking accuracy. Extensive experiments on multiple large-scale datasets demonstrate that DenseSplat achieves superior performance in tracking and mapping compared to current state-of-the-art methods. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Real time systems

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LSU-NET: Lightweight Automatic Organs Segmentation Network for Medical Images

LSU-NET: Lightweight Automatic Organs Segmentation Network f...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal processing (ICASSP)

作者： Yujie Ding Shenghua Teng Zuoyong Li Xiao Chen College of Electronic and Information Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Information Processing and Intelligent Control School of Computer and Big Data Minjiang University Fuzhou China

ISBN: (数字)9798350368741

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368758

UNet and its variants have widespread applications in medical image segmentation. However, the substantial number of parameters and computational complexity of these models make them less suitable for use in clinical settings with limited computational resources. To address this limitation, we propose a novel Lightweight Shift U-Net (LSU-Net). We integrate the Light Conv Block and the Tokenized Shift Block in a lightweight manner, combining them with a dynamic weight multi-loss design for efficient dynamic weight allocation. The Light Conv Block effectively captures features with a low parameter count by combining standard convolutions with depthwise separable convolutions. The Tokenized Shift Block optimizes feature representation by shifting and capturing deep features through a combination of the Spatial Shift Block and depthwise separable convolutions. Dynamic adjustment of the loss weights at each layer approaches the optimal solution and enhances training stability. We validated LSU-Net on the UWMGI and MSD Colon datasets, and experimental results demonstrate that LSU-Net outperforms most state-of-the-art segmentation architectures.

关键词： Training Image segmentation Convolution Dynamic scheduling Stability analysis Resource management Speech processing Standards Monitoring Biomedical imaging

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A SAR Deceptive Jamming Suppression Method Based on PRI Variation Design and Multi-Channel Principle

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IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 2025年

作者： Shi, Haixu Xu, Zhongqiu Li, Guangzuo Lin, Kuan Liu, Tianqu Hong, Wen Chinese Academy of Sciences Aerospace Information Research Institute Beijing100094 China Key Laboratory of Spatial Information Processing and Application System Technology Beijing100094 China Key Laboratory of Target Cognition and Application Technology Beijing100094 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Electronic Electrical and Communication Engineering Beijing101499 China

The synthetic aperture radar (SAR) can be affected by various types of jamming during operation. Among them, the deceptive jamming generated by digital radio frequency memory (DRFM) jammers poses a serious threat to SAR imaging by creating highly realistic false targets. Moreover, with advancements in deceptive jamming technology, the generation speed of deceptive jamming has increased, rendering existing methods less effective. To address this issue, an anti-deceptive jamming method based on pulse repetition interval (PRI) variation design and multi-channel principle is proposed to mitigate the effects of deceptive jamming. First, a PRI variation strategy that will not cause the loss of echo signals in the imaging area is designed. By utilizing this strategy for imaging, deceptive jamming signals are dispersed across different ranges, resulting in preliminary suppression of the jamming. Subsequently, after azimuth non-uniform sampling reconstruction and range processing, most of the jamming signals are suppressed due to the azimuth timing differences between SAR and jamming signals. However, when the jammer uses specific retransmission intervals, such as the average PRI of the PRI sequence, the jamming signals may be concentrated at certain ranges, retaining some coherence and posing a threat to SAR imaging. To overcome this challenge, a residual jamming detection and suppression algorithm based on multi-channel principle is proposed, which can detect and filter out the channels affected by jamming. Finally, an azimuth sparse reconstruction is introduced for azimuth processing. Since the anti-jamming principle of this method relies on the differences in azimuth timing between SAR and jamming, it can suppress deceptive jamming even when the generation speed of deceptive jamming is rapid, which some other anti-deceptive jamming methods cannot achieve. Simulations of SAR imaging under deceptive jamming conditions are conducted for point target scene and complex target

关键词： Synthetic aperture radar

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Enhancing Resource Allocation and Performance in Multi-Layer Industrial IoT Through Adjustable Strategy Integrating Cooperative Communication and Edge Computing

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年

作者： Sun, Mingyue Yuan, Yazhou Ma, Kai Chen, Cailian Zhang, Jianmin Luo, Xiaoyuan The Institute of electrical Engineering Yanshan University Qinhuangdao066004 China The Department of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China The Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education of China Shanghai200240 China The Automation Department of the Baosteel Research Institute Shanghai200240 China

Reliable bidirectional communication between the control center (CC) and manufacturing devices (MDs) along with efficient resource allocation are critical for the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). However, due to the limited network resources of IIoT devices and the intertwined nature of communication and computation resources, achieving efficient optimization of these resources presents significant challenges. In this paper, we propose a multi-layer communication architecture for the IIoT based on edge computing and cooperative communication technologies, where resource-constrained MDs upload data to edge servers (ESs) for processing. To address the issues of resource scarcity and coupling, we establish a bandwidth release model (BRM) to analyze and quantify the relationship between computation and communication resources. This elucidates the interaction mechanisms between ‘transmission-computation’ performance. Furthermore, to prevent excessive data upload to ESs, which could lead to node overload and network congestion, we employ game theory to develop a pricing mechanism for resource allocation, where ESs charge for computation services. Specifically, we construct a Lagrangian framework to determine a resource allocation scheme, aiming to maximize the utility of the factory. Simulation results indicate that compared to common methods employed in existing works, our strategy enhances factory utility by 29.79%. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Edge computing

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