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arXiv 2024年

作者： Gardella, Eusebio Kranz, Julian Vaccaro, Andrea Department of Mathematical Sciences Chalmers University of Technology University of Gothenburg GothenburgSE-412 96 Sweden Data Science: Machine Learning and Data Engineering Prof. Dr. Fabian Gieseke Leonardo-Campus 3 Münster48149 Germany Mathematisches Institut Fachbereich Mathematik Informatik der Universität Münster Einsteinstrasse 62 Münster48149 Germany

We exhibit examples of actions of countable discrete groups on both simple and non-simple nuclear stably finite C*-algebras that are tracially amenable but not amenable. We furthermore obtain that, under the additional assumption of strict comparison, amenability is equivalent to tracial amenability plus the equivariant analogue of Matui-Sato's property (SI). By virtue of this equivalence, our construction yields the first known examples of actions on classifiable C*-algebras that do not have equivariant property (SI). We moreover show that such actions can be chosen to absorb the trivial action on the universal UHF algebra, thus proving that equivariant Z-stability does not in general imply equivariant property (SI). Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Algebra

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Reproducibility and Geometric Intrinsic Dimensionality: An Investigation on Graph Neural Network Research

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Hille, Tobias Stubbemann, Maximilian Hanika, Tom Knowledge & Data Engineering Group University of Kassel Kassel Germany Interdisciplinary Research Center for Information System Design University of Kassel Kassel Germany Information Systems and Machine Learning Lab University of Hildesheim Hildesheim Germany Institute of Computer Science University of Hildesheim Hildesheim Germany

Difficulties in replication and reproducibility of empirical evidences in machine learning research have become a prominent topic in recent years. Ensuring that machine learning research results are sound and reliable requires reproducibility, which verifies the reliability of research findings using the same code and data. This promotes open and accessible research, robust experimental workflows, and the rapid integration of new findings. Evaluating the degree to which research publications support these different aspects of reproducibility is one goal of the present work. For this we introduce an ontology of reproducibility in machine learning and apply it to methods for graph neural networks. Building on these efforts we turn towards another critical challenge in machine learning, namely the curse of dimensionality, which poses challenges in data collection, representation, and analysis, making it harder to find representative data and impeding the training and inference processes. Using the closely linked concept of geometric intrinsic dimension we investigate to which extend the used machine learning models are influenced by the intrinsic dimension of the data sets they are trained *** Codes 68T01 68T07 68T09 51F99 Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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Generalized independent noise condition for estimating causal structure with latent variables

The Journal of Machine Learning Research

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The Journal of machine learning Research 2024年第1期25卷 9044-9104页

作者： Feng Xie Biwei Huang Zhengming Chen Ruichu Cai Clark Glymour Zhi Geng Kun Zhang Department of Applied Statistics Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China Halicioglu Data Science Institute (HDSI) University of California San Diego La Jolla San Diego California School of Computer Science Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou China and Machine Learning Department Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence Abu Dhabi UAE School of Computer Science Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou China Department of Philosophy Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA Department of Philosophy Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA and Machine Learning Department Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence Abu Dhabi UAE

We investigate the challenging task of learning causal structure in the presence of latent variables, including locating latent variables, determining their quantity, and identifying causal relationships among both latent and observed variables. To address this, we propose a Generalized Independent Noise (GIN) condition for linear non-Gaussian acyclic causal models that incorporate latent variables, which establishes the independence between a linear combination of certain measured variables and some other measured variables. Specifically, for two observed random vectors Y and Z, GIN holds if and only if ωΤ-Y and Z are statistically independent, where ω is a non-zero parameter vector determined by the cross-covariance between Y and Z. We then give necessary and sufficient graphical criteria of the GIN condition in linear non-Gaussian acyclic causal models. From a graphical perspective, roughly speaking, GIN implies the existence of a set S such that S is causally earlier (w.r.t. the causal ordering) than Y, and that every active (collider-free) path between Y and Z must contain a node from S. Interestingly, we find that the independent noise condition (i.e., if there is no confounder, causes are independent of the residual derived from regressing the effect on the causes) can be seen as a special case of GIN. With such a connection between GIN and latent causal structures, we further leverage the proposed GIN condition, together with a well-designed search procedure, to efficiently estimate Linear, Non-Gaussian Latent Hierarchical Models (LiNGLaHs), where latent confounders may also be causally related and may even follow a hierarchical structure. We show that the underlying causal structure of a LiNGLaH is identifiable in light of GIN conditions under mild assumptions. Experimental results on both synthetic and three real-world data sets show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

关键词： causal discovery latent variable latent hierarchical structure latent causal graph non-Gaussianity

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A Smart Electronic Wheelchair Design Using Artificial Intelligence and Intelligent Sensors Association 2

A Smart Electronic Wheelchair Design Using Artificial Intell...

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2nd IEEE International Conference on Intelligent and Innovative Technologies in Computing, Electrical and Electronics, ICIITCEE 2024

作者： Balamurugan, R. Kanchana, D. Anni Princy, B. Jaisudha, J. Malathi, P. Glory, E. Ajk College of Arts and Science Department of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Tamil Nadu Coimbatore India Srm Institute of Science and Technology Department of Computer Applications Tamil Nadu Chennai India Panimalar Engineering College Department of Computer and Communication Engineering Tamil Nadu Chennai India Prince Shri Venkateshwara Padmavathy Engineering College Department of Ece Tamil Nadu Chennai India Simats Saveetha College of Liberal Arts and Sciences Department of Data Analytics Tamil Nadu Chennai India Simats Department of Biosciences Saveetha School of Engineering Tamil Nadu Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350306415

Since the beginning of the seventeenth century, wheelchairs have been used to transport hospital patients and those with mobility impairments. The power of people is what spreads wheelchairs. Wheelchair users propel themselves forward using their upper bodies or, more commonly, require the assistance of another person to propel them. In this work, we examine how to build an autonomous electric wheelchair for the disabled at the lowest possible cost without sacrificing quality of design or control. This research presents the planning and development of an AI-enhanced electric wheelchair that can be controlled automatically to climb stairs, making it accessible to those with mobility impairments. The chair's controls allow the user to move it in any direction and raise the landing and staircases to varying heights. The chair's DC power source (battery used) may be recharged, allowing it to function for an extended period of time. In addition, a safety system was created that monitors and provides feedback on the user's pulse rate, as well as the wheelchair's functioning state (including acceleration, climate, and inclination position). This proposed AI based Wheelchair (AIWC) design is suitable for any aged people and the proposed model is cross-validated with the conventional wheelchair design using mobile based operations handling system called Mobile-Wheelchair (MWC) to test the efficiency of the proposed design in clear manner. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Accelerator AI Artificial Intelligence Batteries DC Power Intelligent Sensors Mobile-Wheelchair MWC Wheelchair

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Transferring Traffic Predictions to Urban Regions Without Target data

Transferring Traffic Predictions to Urban Regions Without Ta...

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International Conference on Intelligent Transportation

作者： Stefan Schestakov Simon Gottschalk Nicolas Tempelmeier Thorben Funke Elena Demidova L3S Research Center Leibniz University Hannover Hannover Germany Volkswagen AG Commercial Vehicles Hannover Germany Data Science & Intelligent Systems (DSIS) Research Group University of Bonn and Lamarr Institute for Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence Bonn Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798331505929

ISBN: (纸本)9798331505936

The scarcity of spatiotemporal traffic data for many urban regions significantly limits the availability of location-specific predictive models for traffic management, mobility services, and road safety. For example, whereas some cities release taxi data for several years, for many other cities traffic data is not available. Although existing transfer learning approaches aim to alleviate this problem, they require at least some data to be available in the target urban region. Traffic prediction in the regions without data remains a critical and unsolved task. To this extent, we propose Zero-ST, a novel transfer learning approach that leverages inductive road features and road topology to learn latent road representations encoding traffic pattern similarity. Our experimental evaluation on real-world data demonstrates the effectiveness of Zero-ST for the traffic speed prediction task in several urban regions. On this task, Zero-ST achieves an error reduction of at least 4.77% concerning MAE compared to the baselines.

关键词： Roads Transfer learning Urban areas Traffic control Predictive models Road safety Spatiotemporal phenomena Topology Public transportation Knowledge transfer

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A fast neural hybrid Newton solver adapted to implicit methods for nonlinear dynamics

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Jin, Tianyu Maierhofer, Georg Schratz, Katharina Xiang, Yang Department of Mathematics The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Hong Kong Mathematical Institute University of Oxford United Kingdom Sorbonne Université France Algorithms of Machine Learning and Autonomous Driving Research Lab HKUST Shenzhen-Hong Kong Collaborative Innovation Research Institute Futian Shenzhen China

The use of implicit time-stepping schemes for the numerical approximation of solutions to stiff nonlinear time-evolution equations brings well-known advantages including, typically, better stability behaviour and corresponding support of larger time steps, and better structure preservation properties. However, this comes at the price of having to solve a nonlinear equation at every time step of the numerical scheme. In this work, we propose a novel deep learning based hybrid Newton’s method to accelerate this solution of the nonlinear time step system for stiff time-evolution nonlinear equations. We propose a targeted learning strategy which facilitates robust unsupervised learning in an offline phase and provides a highly efficient initialisation for the Newton iteration leading to consistent acceleration of Newton’s method. A quantifiable rate of improvement in Newton’s method achieved by improved initialisation is provided and we analyse the upper bound of the generalisation error of our unsupervised learning strategy. These theoretical results are supported by extensive numerical results, demonstrating the efficiency of our proposed neural hybrid solver both in one- and two-dimensional cases. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nonlinear equations

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Analyzing Atomic Interactions in Molecules as Learned by Neural Networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Esders, Malte Schnake, Thomas Lederer, Jonas Kabylda, Adil Montavon, Grégoire Tkatchenko, Alexandre Müller, Klaus-Robert BIFOLD Berlin Institute for the Foundations of Learning and Data Germany Machine Learning Group Berlin Institute of Technology Berlin10587 Germany Department of Physics and Materials Science University of Luxembourg Luxembourg CityL-1511 Luxembourg Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Free University of Berlin Germany Google Deepmind Berlin Germany Department of Artificial Intelligence Korea University Seoul136-713 Korea Republic of Max Planck Institute for Informatics Saarbrücken66123 Germany

While machine learning (ML) models have been able to achieve unprecedented accuracies across various prediction tasks in quantum chemistry, it is now apparent that accuracy on a test set alone is not a guarantee for robust chemical modeling such as stable molecular dynamics (MD). To go beyond accuracy, we use explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) techniques to develop a general analysis framework for atomic interactions and apply it to the SchNet and PaiNN neural network models. We compare these interactions with a set of fundamental chemical principles to understand how well the models have learned the underlying physicochemical concepts from the data. We focus on the strength of the interactions for different atomic species, how predictions for intensive and extensive quantum molecular properties are made, and analyze the decay and many-body nature of the interactions with interatomic distance. Models that deviate too far from known physical principles produce unstable MD trajectories, even when they have very high energy and force prediction accuracy. We also suggest further improvements to the ML architectures to better account for the polynomial decay of atomic interactions. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Molecular dynamics

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An Efficient Brain tumor classification using CNN and transfer learning

An Efficient Brain tumor classification using CNN and transf...

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Advances in Computing, Communication and Applied Informatics (ACCAI), International Conference on

作者： P. Sasikumar Srikanth Cherukuvada P Balmurugan P Vijay Anand S. Brindasri R. Nareshkumar Department of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Sphoorthy Engineering College Nadergul Hyderabad Department of Computer Science and Engineering Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Bowrampet Hyderabad Telangana Department of Computer Science and Engineering MLR Institute of Technology Hyderabad Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science CMR Institute of Technology Bengaluru India Department of Computer Science Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science Padur Chennai India Department of Networking and Communications School of Computing College of Engineering and Technology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur Chennai

ISBN: (数字)9798350389449

ISBN: (纸本)9798350389456

The proper detection of brain tumors as quickly as possible and the administration of efficient therapy are both necessary steps in the process of curing patients. The complexities of tumor morphology, such as size, location, and texture, as well as heteromorphic appearance in medical pictures, make tumor analysis a difficult *** three most frequent types of brain cancer are brain tumors, meningiomas, and pituitary gland tumors. The purpose of this study is to investigate a classification issue known as a triple-class problem in order to correctly identify these *** a pre-trained version of the vgg16 network, the proposed classification method pulls characteristics from brain MRI scans. Classifier models that have shown their worth in practice are given to help put the retrieved attributes into meaningful groups. The presented method is carried out on the Python platform, and its efficacy is evaluated with the use of performance *** to the results, the conventional neural network (CNN) technique was outperformed by the Transfer learning method, which resulted in the model having a higher overall performance. This can be observed by demonstrating that the model had a stronger overall performance.

关键词： Accuracy Magnetic resonance imaging Transfer learning Brain cancer Brain modeling Feature extraction Pituitary gland

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Proactive Alzheimer's Disease Identification Through EEG-Based Biomarkers

Proactive Alzheimer's Disease Identification Through EEG-Bas...

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Artificial Intelligence for Innovations in Healthcare Industries (ICAIIHI), International Conference on

作者： Gaurav Bhendare Leelkanth Dewangan Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Faculty of Engineering &Technology Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research Wardha Maharashtra India Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Faculty of Engineering &Technology Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research Wardha Maharashtra India

To detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD) therapy is crucial for patients. Because it enables patients to take prevention actions before brain damage takes place. Although inherited effects limit most computer detection methods, computers have been employed in numerous research to identify AD The “Electroencephalogram (EEG)” signal is used in this study to implement a deep learning detecting of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Initially, conventional internet databases are used to get the necessary EEG signal and there after used the The signal is divided into many current Neural Networks using the “Lifting Wavelet Transform (LWT)” decomposition level. Extracts the temporal properties from the signal that has been divided up.

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Prediction of Heart Disease Using machine learning Algorithms

Prediction of Heart Disease Using Machine Learning Algorithm...

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Interdisciplinary Approaches in Technology and Management for Social Innovation (IATMSI), IEEE Conference on

作者： Rushikesh Burle Sanskruti Gaurkhede Leelkanth Dewangan Utkarsha Pacharaney Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Faculty of Engineering and Technology Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research Wardha Mahartashtra India Computer Science And Design Faculty of Engineering and Technology Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research Wardha Mahartashtra India Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Faculty of Engineering and Technology Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research Wardha Maharashtra India

In India, heart disease claims the lives of about one person every day. The human body's most vital organ is the heart. The heart has two primary purposes: first, it gathers blood from body tissues and pumps it to the lungs; second, it gathers blood from the lungs and pumps it to all body *** disease has claimed the lives of many people. Predicting that disease at the appropriate moment is crucial, for this reason. Making use of machine learning Additionally, illnesses are easily identified and anticipated. It also covers the use of many algorithms on the Heart Disease dataset. The dataset used in this research was obtained from Kaggle. Analyzing fundamental machine learning algorithms for the prediction of heart disease, such as Random Forest, K-Nearest Neighbours, Decision Tree Classifier, and Support Vector machine, is the primary goal of this study. Our Acquired Model for The Decision Tree Classifier has a score of 79.0%. And the Random Forest Classifier has an 84.0% score. With a linear kernel, the Support Vector Classifier scores 83.0%. Next, K Neighbours Classifier~ outperformed all previously employed methods, achieving the maximum score of {87%} with ~8 nearest result. RF (Random Forest), K-Nearest Neighbours Algorithm, and Decision Tree, together with Python programming and Visual Studio, which excels at both data and code.

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