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GCAT: graph calibration attention transformer for robust object tracking

Neural computing and Applications 2024年第23期36卷 14151-14172页

作者： Chen, Si Hu, Xinxin Wang, Da-Han Yan, Yan Zhu, Shunzhi Fujian Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Image Understanding School of Computer and Information Engineering Xiamen University of Technology Xiamen361024 China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks Xidian University Xi’an710071 China Fujian Key Laboratory of Sensing and Computing for Smart City School of Informatics Xiamen University Xiamen361005 China

Recent Siamese trackers have taken advantage of transformers to achieve impressive advancements. However, existing transformer trackers ignore considering the positional and structural information between tokens, and traditional template update strategies easily introduce noises to the dynamic templates during tracking. In order to alleviate this issue, this paper develops a novel end-to-end graph calibration attention transformer network (GCAT) to enhance tracking robustness and accuracy. A graph calibration attention mechanism is first designed to calibrate and aggregate template information, for effectively updating dynamic templates during the tracking process. Specifically, each token is considered as a node in the graph, and then, we calculate the weight relationships between each node and their adjacent nodes. Thus, this mechanism can aggregate the global context information of the template and search nodes and activate feature channels based on weights and biases to obtain more discriminative feature information. Moreover, we leverage a multi-level dropout mechanism to perform the data dropout, the layer dropout, and the feature dropout on the data, network, and attention levels, respectively, to avoid overfitting of local-specific information and improve the generalization ability. Extensive experiments show the proposed method achieves superior performance on seven challenging benchmark datasets, i.e., OTB100, OTB2013, UAV123, LaSOT, GOT10K, VOT2020, and TrackingNet. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Aggregates

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Boundary Control of Coupled Wave Systems with Spatially-Varying Coefficients

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2022年第4期35卷 1310-1329页

作者： FENG Xiaodan ZHANG Zhifei School of Mathematics and Statistics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China Hubei Key Laboratory of Engineering Modeling and Scientific Computing Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China

This paper considers the stabilization of the coupled wave systems with spatially-varying *** authors design a state feedback controller by backstepping *** contrast to the previous work in the literature,the kernel equations become more complicated and the main difficulty lies in proving the existence and uniqueness of the solution to the kernel ***,using the backstepping approach,the authors verify the kernel equations,which is a system of coupled hyperbolic equations with spatially-varying ***,the existence and uniqueness of the kernel matrices is ***,the authors use a Lyapunov function to get the exponential stabilization of the closed-loop system.A numerical example is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed controller.

关键词： Backstepping boundary control coupled wave systems exponential stabilization spatially-varying coefficients

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Convergence of Physics-Informed Neural Networks Applied to Linear Second-Order Elliptic Interface Problems

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Communications in Computational Physics 2023年第2期33卷 596-627页

作者： Sidi Wu Aiqing Zhu Yifa Tang Benzhuo Lu State Key Laboratory of Scientific and Engineering Computing National Center for Mathematics and Interdisciplinary SciencesAcademy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Mathematical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China.

With the remarkable empirical success of neural networks across diverse scientific disciplines,rigorous error and convergence analysis are also being developed and ***,there has been little theoretical work focusing on neural networks in solving interface *** this paper,we perform a convergence analysis of physics-informed neural networks(PINNs)for solving second-order elliptic interface ***,we consider PINNs with domain decomposition technologies and introduce gradient-enhanced strategies on the interfaces to deal with boundary and interface jump *** is shown that the neural network sequence obtained by minimizing a Lipschitz regularized loss function converges to the unique solution to the interface problem in H2 as the number of samples *** experiments are provided to demonstrate our theoretical analysis.

关键词： Elliptic interface problems generalization errors convergence analysis neural networks.

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Tailoring d-band center over electron traversing effect of Ni M@C-CoP(M=Zn,Mo,Ni,Co)for high-performance electrocatalysis hydrogen evolution

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第35期166卷 164-172页

作者： Hao Luo Xudong Zhang Hui Zhu Kexin Zhang Fan Yang Kewei Xu Sen Yu Dagang Guo State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China Center for High Performance Computing Network Information CenterXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Biomedical Metal Materials Northwest Institute for Non-ferrous Metal ResearchXi’an710016China

Attaining a highly efficient and inexpensive electrocatalyst is significant for the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)but still challenging *** transition-metal phosphides(TMPs)catalysts with platinum-like electronic structures are a potential candidate for the HER,but those are prone to be strongly bound with hydrogen intermediates(H∗),resulting in sluggish HER *** we report a unique hybrid structure of CoP anchored on graphene nanoscrolls@carbon nano tubes(CNTs)scaffold(Ni M@C-CoP)encapsulating various Ni M(M=Zn,Mo,Ni,Co)bimetal nanoalloy via chemical vapor deposi-tion(CVD)growth of CNT on graphene nanoscrolls followed by the impregnation of cobalt precursors and phosphorization for efficiently electrocatalytic hydrogen *** nanoparticles mainly scattered at the tip of CNT branches which exhibited the analogical“Three-layer core-shell”*** and density functional theory(DFT)calculations consistently disclose that the encapsulated various NiMs can offer different numbers of electrons to weaken the interactions of outmost CoP with H∗and push the downshift of the d-band center to different degrees as well as stabilize the outmost CoP nanopar-ticles to gain catalytic stability via the electron traversing *** electrocatalytic HER activity can be maximumly enhanced with low overpotentials of 78 mV(alkaline)and 89 mV(acidic)at a current density of 10 mA/cm^(2) and sustained at least 24 h especially for NiZn@C-CoP *** novel system is distinct from conventional three-layer heterostructure,providing a specially thought of d-band center control engineering strategy for the design of heterogeneous catalysts and expanding to other electrocat-alysts,energy storage,sensing,and other applications.

关键词： Electron traversing effect 3D graphene/CNT CoP nanoparticle d-band center Hydrogen evolution

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Recent Strategies and Advances in Hydrogel‑Based Delivery Platforms for Bone Regeneration

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 389-439页

作者： Xiao Wang Jia Zeng Donglin Gan Kun Ling Mingfang He Jianshu Li Yongping Lu Scientific and Technological Innovation Center for Biomedical Materials and Clinical Research Guangyuan Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Medical HydrogelGuangyuan Central HospitalGuangyuan 628000People’s Republic of China Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bio‑Functional MaterialsSchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023People’s Republic of China College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065People’s Republic of China

Bioactive molecules have shown great promise for effectively regulating various bone formation processes,rendering them attractive therapeutics for bone ***,the widespread application of bioactive molecules is limited by their low accumulation and short half-lives in *** have emerged as ideal carriers to address these challenges,offering the potential to prolong retention times at lesion sites,extend half-lives in vivo and mitigate side effects,avoid burst release,and promote adsorption under physiological *** review systematically summarizes the recent advances in the development of bioactive molecule-loaded hydrogels for bone regeneration,encompassing applications in cranial defect repair,femoral defect repair,periodontal bone regeneration,and bone regeneration with underlying ***,this review discusses the current strategies aimed at improving the release profiles of bioactive molecules through stimuli-responsive delivery,carrier-assisted delivery,and sequential ***,this review elucidates the existing challenges and future directions of hydrogel encapsulated bioactive molecules in the field of bone regeneration.

关键词： Hydrogel Bone regeneration Bioactive molecules Drug delivery Nano-/microscale carriers

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A NEW ADAPTIVE SUBSPACE MINIMIZATION THREE-TERM CONJUGATE GRADIENT ALGORITHM FOR UNCONSTRAINED OPTIMIZATION

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2021年第2期39卷 159-177页

作者： Keke Zhang Hongwei Liu Zexian Liu School of Mathematics and Statistics Xidian UniversityXi’an 710126China State Key Laboratory of Scientific and Engineering Computing Institute of Computational Mathematics and Scientific/Engineering computingAMSSChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

A new adaptive subspace minimization three-term conjugate gradient algorithm with nonmonotone line search is introduced and analyzed in this *** search directions are computed by minimizing a quadratic approximation of the objective function on special subspaces,and we also proposed an adaptive rule for choosing different searching directions at each *** obtain a significant conclusion that the each choice of the search directions satisfies the sufficient descent *** the used nonmonotone line search,we prove that the new algorithm is globally convergent for general nonlinear functions under some mild *** experiments show that the proposed algorithm is promising for the given test problem set.

关键词： Conjugate gradient method Nonmonotone line search Subspace minimization Sufficient descent condition Global convergence

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Intracellularly synthesized ssDNA for continuous genome engineering

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Trends in Biotechnology 2024年第6期43卷 1356-1370页

作者： Liu, Wenqian Pan, Yingjia Zhang, Yu Dong, Chang Huang, Lei Lian, Jiazhang Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Biobased Transportation Fuel Technology College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China BGI Research Hangzhou310030 China ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Zhejiang University Hangzhou310000 China

Despite the prevalence of genome editing tools, there are still some limitations in dynamic and continuous genome editing. In vivo single-stranded DNA (ssDNA)-mediated genome mutation has emerged as a valuable and promising approach for continuous genome editing. In this review, we summarize the various types of intracellular ssDNA production systems and notable achievements in genome engineering in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. We also review progress in the development of applications based on retron-based systems, which have demonstrated significant potential in molecular recording, multiplex genome editing, high-throughput functional variant screening, and gene-specific continuous in vivo evolution. Furthermore, we discuss the major challenges of ssDNA-mediated continuous genome editing and its prospects for future applications. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Genome

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Aerodynamic/control integrated optimization method for unpowered high-speed vehicle configuration design

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第7期37卷 153-167页

作者： Xin PAN Linlin WANG Li LI Lulu JIANG Gang CHEN State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures School of Aerospace EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Shannxi Key Laboratory for Environment and Control of Flight Vehicle School of Aerospace EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Beijing Institute of Space Long March Vehicle Beijing 100076China AVIC Xi’an Aeronautics Computing Technique Research Institute Xi’an 710068China

The unpowered high-speed vehicle experiences a significant coupling between the disciplines of aerodynamics and control due to its characteristics of high flight speed and extensive maneuverability within large *** conventional aircraft conceptual design process follows a sequential design approach,and there is an artificial separation between the disciplines of aerodynamics and control,neglecting the coupling effects arising from their *** a result,this design process often requires extensive iterations over long periods when applied to high-speed vehicles,and may not be able to effectively achieve the desired design *** enhance the overall performance and design efficiency of high-speed vehicles,this study integrates the concept of Active Control Technology(ACT)from modern aircraft into the philosophy of aerodynamic/control integrated *** integrated optimization strategies,with differences in coupling granularity,have been ***,these strategies are put into action on a biconical vehicle that operates at Mach *** results reveal that the comprehensive performance of the synthesis optimal model derived from the aerodynamic/control integrated optimization strategy is improved by 31.76%and 28.29%respectively compared to the base model under high-speed conditions,demonstrating the feasibility and effectiveness of the method and optimization strategies ***,in comparison to the single-stage strategy,the multi-stage strategy takes into deeper consideration the impact of control *** a result,the control performance of the synthesis opti-mal model derived from the multi-stage strategy improves by 13.99%,whereas the single-stage strategy only achieves a 5.79%*** method enables a fruitful interaction between aerodynamic configuration design and control system design,leading to enhanced overall performance and design ***,it improves the controllability of high-sp

关键词： Aerodynamic/Control Integrated Optimization MDO High-speed vehicle Shape Optimization Controllability

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Byzantine-robust distributed support vector machine

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Science China Mathematics 2025年第3期68卷 707-728页

作者： Xiaozhou Wang Weidong Liu Xiaojun Mao School of Statistics East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China Key Laboratory of Advanced Theory and Application in Statistics and Data Science(Ministry of Education) East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China School of Mathematical Sciences Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence(Ministry of Education) Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Key Laboratory of Scientific and Engineering Computing(Ministry of Education) Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

The development of information technology brings diversification of data sources and large-scale data sets and calls for the exploration of distributed learning algorithms. In distributed systems, some local machines may behave abnormally and send arbitrary information to the central machine(known as Byzantine failures), which can invalidate the distributed algorithms based on the assumption of faultless systems. This paper studies Byzantine-robust distributed algorithms for support vector machines(SVMs) in the context of binary classification. Despite a vast literature on Byzantine problems, much less is known about the theoretical properties of Byzantine-robust SVMs due to their unique challenges. In this paper, we propose two distributed gradient descent algorithms for SVMs. The median and trimmed mean operations in aggregation can effectively defend against Byzantine failures. Theoretically, we show the convergence of the proposed estimators and provide the statistical error rates. After a certain number of iterations, our estimators achieve near-optimal rates. Simulation studies and real data analysis are conducted to demonstrate the performance of the proposed Byzantine-robust distributed algorithms.

关键词： Byzantine robustness convergence distributed learning support vector machine

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Ion Migration and Accumulation in Halide Perovskite Solar Cells

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2023年第7期41卷 861-876页

作者： Lijian Zuo Zexin Li Hongzheng Chen State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and FunctionalizationDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310027 China Zhejiang University-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center HangzhouZhejiang310014 China

Comprehensive Summary The halide perovskite semiconductors-based solar cells(PVSCs)show great promise as next-generation renewable energy sources,with the merits of low cost,high performance,good flexibility,etc.A major difference distinguishing the perovskite semiconductors from others lies in their ionic *** intrinsic property induces“freely-moving”ions to migrate and accumulate in the perovskite films and devices under different external *** a charge carrier,these processes will strongly couple with the electronic process,and dramatically affect the performance and stability of *** review summarizes and discusses the recent progresses and fundamental understandings of ion migration and accumulation behaviors in ***,the basic principles of the general ion migration are ***,following the fundamental understandings,the critical factors,e.g.,ion migration activation energy,ion density,ion diffusion coefficient,etc.,are extracted to understand the ion migration and accumulation in perovskite ***,the principles governing ion accumulation behaviors under different external stresses are ***,the effect of ion migration and accumulation on band bending,and device performance is ***,we hope this review provides a tutorial and insightful perspective regarding the most prominent ionic feature of perovskite semiconductors and their application for photovoltaics.

关键词： Semiconductors Perovskite phases Crystal engineering Defects Photovoltaic

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