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arXiv 2025年

作者： Liang, keyu Liu, Zhongxin Liu, Chao Wan, Zhiyuan Lo, David Yang, Xiaohu The State Key Laboratory of Blockchain and Data Security Zhejiang University Hangzhou China School of Big Data and Software Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing China School of Computing and Information Systems Singapore Management University Singapore Singapore

Code search is a crucial task in software engineering, aiming to retrieve code snippets that are semantically relevant to a natural language query. Recently, Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) have shown remarkable success and are widely adopted for code search tasks. However, PLM-based methods often struggle in cross-domain scenarios. When applied to a new domain, they typically require extensive fine-tuning with substantial data. Even worse, the data scarcity problem in new domains often forces these methods to operate in a zero-shot setting, resulting in a significant decline in performance. RAPID, which generates synthetic data for model fine-tuning, is currently the only effective method for zero-shot cross-domain code search. Despite its effectiveness, RAPID demands substantial computational resources for fine-tuning and needs to maintain specialized models for each domain, underscoring the need for a zero-shot, fine-tuning-free approach for cross-domain code search. The key to tackling zero-shot cross-domain code search lies in bridging the gaps among domains. In this work, we propose to break the query-code matching process of code search into two simpler tasks: query-comment matching and code-code matching. We first conduct an empirical study to investigate the effectiveness of these two matching schemas in zero-shot cross-domain code search. Our findings highlight the strong complementarity among the three matching schemas, i.e., query-code, query-comment, and code-code matching. Based on the findings, we propose CodeBridge, a zero-shot, fine-tuning-free approach for cross-domain code search. Specifically, CodeBridge first employs zero-shot prompting to guide Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate a comment for each code snippet in the codebase and produce a code for each query. Subsequently, it encodes queries, code snippets, comments, and the generated code using PLMs and assesses similarities through three matching schemas: query-code, query-comment,

关键词： Search engines

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Visual Class Incremental Learning with Textual Priors Guidance based on an Adapted Vision-Language Model

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IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 2025年

作者： Zhang, Wentao Yu, Tong Wang, Ruixuan Xie, Jianhui Trucco, Emanuele Zheng, Wei-Shi Yang, Xiaobo Sun Yat-sen Univerisity School of Computer Science and Engineering Guangzhou510275 China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen518066 China MOE Key Laboratory of Machine Intelligence and Advanced Computing Guangzhou510275 China Second Affiliated Hospital Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou510260 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome Guangzhou510120 China University of Dundee School of Science and Engineering DundeeDD1 4HN United Kingdom

An ideal artificial intelligence (AI) system should have the capability to continually learn like humans. However, when learning new knowledge, AI systems often suffer from catastrophic forgetting of old knowledge. Although many continual learning methods have been proposed, they often ignore the issue of misclassifying similar classes and make insufficient use of textual priors of visual classes to improve continual learning performance. In this study, we propose a continual learning framework based on a pre-trained vision-language model (VLM) that does not require storing old class data. This framework utilizes parameter-efficient fine-tuning of the VLM's text encoder for constructing a shared and consistent semantic textual space throughout the continual learning process. The textual priors of visual classes are encoded by the adapted VLM's text encoder to generate discriminative semantic representations, which are then used to guide the learning of visual classes. Additionally, fake out-of-distribution (OOD) images constructed from each training image further assist in the learning of visual classes. Extensive empirical evaluations on three natural datasets and one medical dataset demonstrate the superiority of the proposed framework. The source code is available at https://***/OpenMedIA/CIL_Adapterd_VLM. © 1999-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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A Satellite-Ground Link Handover Strategy in LEO Networks Using Advantage Actor-Critic Algorithm 20th

A Satellite-Ground Link Handover Strategy in LEO Networks U...

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20th IFIP WG 10.3 International Conference on Network and Parallel computing, NPC 2024

作者： Chen, Chen Tong, Chenqiang Cong, Li Wang, Zhiyi Jin, Fan Zhou, Xiaobo Pei, Qingqi School of Telecommunication Engineering Xidian University Xi’an710071 China Xidian Guangzhou Institute of Technology Xidian University Guangzhou China Xidian Hangzhou Institute of Technology Xidian University Hangzhou China The State Grid Jilin Province Electric Power Company Changchun130000 China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Space Microwave CAST Xi’an710100 China College of Intelligence and Computing Tianjin University Tianjin300350 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819628636

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite network is a crucial component of the Space-Air-Ground Integrated Network (SAGIN) architecture and Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN). It can provide global, real-time, and seamless broadband data services to many users, playing a critical role in emergencies such as disaster relief. This paper proposes an LEO satellite networks satellite-ground link handover strategy based on Advantage Actor-Critic (A2C) to tackle challenges associated with high handover frequency among ground users, data transmission blocking, and access selection post-handover due to the high-speed cyclic motion of satellites. The strategy considers three handover factors: signal reception strength, satellite potential service time, and service quality. At first, the handover problem is modeled as a combinatorial optimization problem, subsequently transformed into a Markovian Action-Value Function (MAVF) based Multi-Agent Markov Decision Process (MAMDP), and solved in the framework of the A2C algorithm proposed in this paper. The results of simulations illustrate the superior performance of the proposed handover strategy compared to three alternative strategies, namely, Random Handover (RH), Maximum number of Free Channels (MFC), and Maximum Service Time (MST), in terms of both convergence and practicality. The average number of handover occurrences can be reduced by up to 58%, consequently lowering the probability of blocking data transmission. Moreover, signal quality exhibits more excellent stability and can be enhanced by up to 39%, thereby ensuring user communication quality. © IFIP International Federation for Information Processing 2025.

关键词： Markov processes

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SHOCK FORMATION FOR THE 2D ROTATING SHALLOW WATER EQUATIONS WITH NON-ZERO VORTICITY

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Chen, Zhendong Xie, Chunjing School of Mathematical Sciences Institute of Natural Sciences Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China School of Mathematical Sciences Institute of Natural Sciences Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Scientific and Engineering Computing CMA-Shanghai Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China

In the paper, the shock formation for the two-dimensional rotating shallow water system is established. We construct a large class of initial data which leads to the finite-time blow-up for the solutions. Moreover, the solutions are allowed to have non-zero large vorticity (in derivative sense), even up to the shock. Our results provide the first complete geometric description of the shock formation mechanism to the two-dimensional rotating shallow water system with vorticity. The formation of shock is characterized by the collapse of the characteristic hypersurfaces, where the first-order derivatives of the velocity, the height, and the specific vorticity blow up while the potential vorticity remains Lipschitz continuous. The methods developed in this paper should also be useful in studying the shock formation for the Euler equations with various source terms and a class of quasilinear Klein-Gordon equations in multi-dimensions. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Euler equations

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Towards Depth-continuous Scene Representation with Displacement Field for Robust Light Field Depth Estimation

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IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 2025年

作者： Chen, Rongshan Sheng, Hao Yang, Da Cong, Ruixuan Cui, Zhenglong Wang, Sizhe Wang, Tun Zhao, Mingyuan Beihang University State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems School of Computer Science and Engineering Beijing100191 China Beihang University Key Laboratory of Data Science and Intelligent Computing International Innovation Institute 166 Shuanghongqiao Street Pingyao Town Yuhang District Hangzhou31 1115 China Macao Polytechnic University Faculty of Applied Sciences Macao999078 China

The light field (LF) captures both the spatial and angular information of scenes, enabling accurate depth estimation. However, previous deep learning methods typically model surface depth only while ignoring the continuous nature of depth in 3D scenes. In this paper, we use the displacement field (DF) to describe this continuous property, and propose a novel depth-continuous scene representation for robust LF depth estimation. Experiments demonstrate that our representation enables the network to generate highly detailed depth maps with fewer parameters and faster speeds. Specifically, inspired by the signed distance field in 3D object descriptions, we aim to exploit the intrinsic depth-continuous property of 3D scenes via DF and define a novel depth-continuous scene representation. Then, we introduce a simple, yet general, learning framework for depth-continuous scene embedding, and the proposed network, DepthDF, achieves state-of-the-art performance on both synthetic and real-world LF datasets, ranking 1st on the HCI 4D light field benchmark. Furthermore, previous LF depth estimation methods can also be seamlessly integrated into this framework. Finally, we extend this framework beyond LF depth estimation to various tasks, including multiview stereo depth inference, LF superresolution, and LF salient object detection. Our experiments demonstrate an improved performance when continuous scene representation is applied, suggesting that our framework can potentially provide insights for more fields. © 1999-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Stereo image processing

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Dynamic mode control and beam quality improvement of Laguerre–Gaussian beams in a laser amplifier

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Applied Optics 2025年第15期64卷 4366-4372页

作者： Qu, Jingsong Li, Lanyulin Qiu, Xiaoyan Shen, Yuhong Dong, Junyang Liu, Bin Chen, Liying Liu, Chong State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation College of Optical Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Zhejiang University Hangzhou311215 China Changzhou Inno Laser Technology Corporation Limited Changzhou213164 China

High-power lasers with specially modified intensity distributions are constrained by thermally induced aberrations in solid-state amplifiers. This paper introduces a novel, to the best of our knowledge, precompensation architecture for thermal aberrations based on a spatial light modulator (SLM). For the first time, the SLM is employed both as a dynamic mode generator and as a phase compensation element. By employing a dual 4f imaging system and controlling the propagation, a precise mapping is established between the modulation and measurement planes, enabling aberration correction without relying on complex feedback algorithms. The proposed architecture effectively suppresses thermal aberration-induced degradation of the M2 factor while safeguarding the SLM from high-power damage in a master oscillator power amplifier system for Laguerre–Gaussian beams. Experimental results demonstrate a 15 times single-pass gain while maintaining the M2 factor consistent with its pre-amplification value. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group. All rights, including for text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI) training, and similar technologies, are reserved.

关键词： High power lasers

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Non-binary entanglement-assisted quantum stabilizer codes

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2017年第4期60卷 210-223页

作者： Lan LUO Zhi MA Zhengchao WEI Riguang LENG State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing

In this paper, we present the pm-ary entanglement-assisted(EA) stabilizer formalism, where p is a prime and m is a positive integer. Given an arbitrary non-abelian "stabilizer", the problem of code construction and encoding is settled perfectly in the case of m = 1. The optimal number of required maximally entangled pairs is discussed and an algorithm to determine the encoding and decoding circuits is proposed. We also generalize several bounds on p-ary EA stabilizer codes, such as the BCH bound, the G-V bound and the linear programming bound. However, the issue becomes tricky when it comes to m > 1, in which case, the former construction method applies only when the non-commuting "stabilizer" satisfies a sophisticated limitation.

关键词： entanglement non-commutativity non-binary stabilizer codes quantum error-correction quantum circuits bounds

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Real-time Monocular 3D Pose Tracking for Non-cooperative Spacecraft in Close Range

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IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 2025年

作者： Tang, Hao Liu, Chang Liu, Jia Zhang, Pandeng Hu, Weiduo Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Shenzhen China Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Exascale Engineering and Scientific Computing Shenzhen China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Beihang University School of Astronautics Beijing China

Real-time pose tracking for noncooperative spacecraft is crucial for numerous space missions, such as debris removal and docking. Existing pose tracking methods either suffer from shadow occlusion and cluttered backgrounds in space or lack computational efficiency. This study proposes a real-time system for tracking the 6-degree-of-freedom pose of a noncooperative spacecraft for proximity operations using a single calibrated camera. The proposed method parameterizes the pose in the Lie group of SE(3) and exploits the 3D boundaries and 3D contour, which are automatically extracted from the 3D model of the spacecraft as geometric features (GFs). At each frame of the tracking process, the initial pose is predicted using an error state Kalman filter (ESKF). Using the initial pose, the tracking system searches the input image for the 2D edge points that are associated with the 3D GFs based on a conditional random field and then rapidly determines the spacecraft pose in SE(3) by minimizing the distances of the projected 3D GFs to their corresponding 2D edge points using the M-estimation and Newton’s method. The covariance of the optimized pose is estimated based on the Karush–Kuhn–Tucker condition for pose optimization. With the estimated pose covariance, the ESKF is developed based on second-order autoregression in SE(3) to produce the maximum a posteriori estimate of the pose and initialize the pose tracking at the next frame. A sufficient number of synthetic and real trials indicate that the proposed method outperforms the existing methods in terms of accuracy and efficiency. The experimental results reveal that the proposed method achieves a rotation angle error of approximately 0.5° and relative position error of approximately 0.6% and that the average runtime of the proposed method is approximately 0.02 seconds per frame. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Computational geometry

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LaTLS: A Lattice-Based TLS Proxy Protocol

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2022年第2期31卷 313-321页

作者： ZHANG Xinglong CHENG Qingfeng LI Yuting State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing

The function of the Internet proxy is to check and convert the data exchanged between client and server. In fact, the two-party secure communication protocol with good security is turned into an unsafe multiparty protocol. At present, there are relatively few proxy protocols that can be applied in practice. This paper analyzes the classic agent protocol mcTLS and pointed out the security issues. We focus on the security of TLS 1.3 and proposed a lattice-based multi-party proxy protocol:La TLS. LaTLS can be proved secure in the eCK model, it can resist key-sharing attacks, counterfeiting attacks, replay attacks, and achieve forward security. Compared with traditional DH and ECDH schemes, LaTLS is more effcient. Its security is based on the shortest vector problem, therefor it has anti-quantum attack properties.

关键词： security issues Internet lattice-based multiparty proxy protocol relatively few proxy protocols data exchanged LaTLS key sharing attacks unsafe multiparty protocol Internet proxy shortest vector problem protocols antiquantum attack properties forward security two-party secure communication protocol classic agent protocol mcTLS classic agent protocol computer network security

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Model-based kinetics of heavy metal enrichment in plants affected by hydrodynamics

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Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 2025年 273卷 104610页

作者： Lou, Sha Zhang, Zhirui Liu, Shuguang Yang, Zhongyuan Chen, Shizhe Zou, Yuwen Fedorova, Irina Viktorovna Department of Hydraulic Engineering College of Civil Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment Ministry of Education Tongji University Shanghai200092 China State Key Laboratory of Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China Project Management Office of China National Scientific Seafloor Observatory Tongji University Shanghai200092 China Institute of Earth Sciences Saint Petersburg State University 7-9 Universitetskaya Embankment St Petersburg199034 Russia

Heavy metal contamination threatens aquatic ecosystems by degrading water quality, biodiversity, and ecological stability. However, the role of hydrodynamics in modulating metal distribution and biogeochemical cycling, particularly in water-sediment-plant systems, remains unclear. Therefore, circular flume experiments were integrated with multiphase kinetic modeling to unravel cadmium (Cd) kinetics in water-sediment-plant systems under flow conditions. Affected by hydrodynamics, the distribution of Cd surged within 2 h and the Cd distribution coefficients showed a desorption peak within 8 h from the start of the experiment followed by reabsorption, and the hydrodynamic strength was negatively correlated with the resorption degree. Plant enrichment of heavy metals under hydrodynamics was observed initially, reaching a peak at the end of the experiment with phyto-sediment distribution coefficients of 0.22–0.25. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model effectively simulated the desorption of Cd from water, with r2 > 0.97. However, the Plant Enrichment Factor (PEF) failed to accurately describe the plant enrichment kinetics of the water-sediment-plant system under hydrodynamic conditions, with the r2 of cumulative Cd uptake kinetic of plants based on PEF lower than 0.77. Consequently, the nonlinear relationship of Cd in a multi-medium distribution was identified using the Artificial Neural Network (ANN), and a modified PEF was proposed, with r2 > 0.96. From the modified PEF, the competitive advantage of the phytobiological action was emphasized as the experiment proceeded. The modified model proposed in this study explains the physical process of Cd enrichment by plants in the water-sediment-plant system under hydrodynamics, providing a feasible tool for the study of pollutant transport in aquatic environments, and the results can contribute to theoretical support for optimizing wetland ecosystem protection strategies. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Aquatic ecosystems

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