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A NONLINEAR LEAST-SQUARES CONVEXITY ENFORCING C⁰ INTERIOR PENALTY METHOD FOR THE MONGE–AMPÈRE EQUATION ON STRICTLY CONVEX SMOOTH PLANAR DOMAINS

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Communications of the American Mathematical Society 2024年第14期4卷 607-640页

作者： Brenner, Susanne C. Sung, Li-Yeng Tan, Zhiyu Zhang, Hongchao Department of Mathematics and Center for Computation and Technology Louisiana State University Baton Rouge 70803 LA United States Center for Computation and Technology Louisiana State University Baton Rouge LA United States School of Mathematical Sciences and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Mathematical Modeling and High Performance Scientific Computing Xiamen University Fujian 361005 China

We construct a nonlinear least-squares finite element method for computing the smooth convex solutions of the Dirichlet boundary value problem of the Monge-Ampère equation on strictly convex smooth domains in R². It is based on an isoparametric C⁰ finite element space with exotic degrees of freedom that can enforce the convexity of the approximate solutions. A priori and a posteriori error estimates together with corroborating numerical results are presented. © 2024 by the author(s) under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License (CC BY NC ND 4.0)

关键词： Monge-Ampère equation strictly convex smooth domains nonlinear least-squares convexity enforcing 𝐶⁰ interior penalty method enhanced cubic Lagrange finite elements isoparametric a priori and a posteriori error estimates active set algorithm

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Vulnerability model and attack path prediction of the UEFI firmware platform based on risk propagation 11

Vulnerability model and attack path prediction of the UEFI f...

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2021 11th International Workshop on Computer Science and engineering, WCSE 2021

作者： Jiao, Weihua Li, Qingbao Chen, Zhifeng Cao, Fei State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing China

ISBN: (纸本)9789811817915

Targeted at the situation of rampant attack on UEFI Platform Firmware, this paper systematically analyzes the Security mechanisms of UEFI platform firmware. Then the vulnerability factors of UEFI firmware are described by modeling language, and a vulnerability model of UEFI firmware platform based on risk propagation (VMURP) is proposed. This paper introduces an improved PageRank algorithm to this model to reduce the influence of subjective factors which influences the accuracy of model. Based on VMURP model, an innovative method is proposed which using security configuration vector and attack vector to evaluate attack paths. Then, we use this method and VMURP to predict the most possible attack path of specific UEFI firmware platform. Finally, verify the rationality of the model and the validity of the prediction by experimental analysis. This study is helpful to quickly evaluate the vulnerability of UEFI firmware platform and predict possible attacks, gives platform managers more targeted guidance and suggestions to strengthen the security mechanisms. © 2021 11th International Workshop on Computer Science and engineering, WCSE 2021. All Rights Reserved.

关键词： Forecasting

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Feature-based identification method of MCU firmware IO interface

Feature-based identification method of MCU firmware IO inter...

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IEEE Information Technology, Networking, Electronic and Automation Control Conference

作者： Yuanbo Sun Weiyu Dong State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Zhengzhou China

Device simulation is an important method of embedded device security analysis, due to the extensive and heterogeneous nature of the current peripherals, the existing simulation technology for peripheral simulation is mostly fuzzy, to find the input and output that meet the firmware requirements as the main goal. In order to construct a template based on IO interface identification to extend the peripheral simulation scheme, this paper identifies the IO interface without firmware source code based on the characteristics of the IO configuration process in MCU firmware. Through experimental comparison, this method has a certain effect in MCU firmware interface recognition.

关键词： Analytical models Automation Source coding Registers Character recognition Object recognition Security

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LOW-FREQUENCY BANDGAP BROADENING OF INERTIAL AMPLIFICATION METAMATERIALS 29

LOW-FREQUENCY BANDGAP BROADENING OF INERTIAL AMPLIFICATION M...

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29th International Congress on Sound and Vibration, ICSV 2023

作者： Sun, Yonghang Xi, Chenyang Zheng, Hui State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Institute of High Performance Computing A*STAR 138632 Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9788011034238

The recent development of inertial amplification (IA) metamaterial provides a new venue for insulating low-frequency vibration and noise. It is different from conventional manners that over-rely on the structural density and therefore lead to prohibitively heavy structures. In this work, bandgap broadening techniques of a lever-type IA (LIA) metamaterial are explored on the premise of the same additional mass. Three methods are proposed here, respectively based on bandgap coupling mechanism, multi-resonance mechanism and parametric detuning mechanism. Their broadening performances are investigated via band-structures of unit cells and vibration transmissibility of finite structures. Numerical results show that an ultra-wide bandgap can be obtained by combining the bandgap coupling effect with installation position of LIA mechanism and structural damping of the host plate. Moreover, the introduction of multi-resonance mechanism can widen the low-frequency IA bandgap on the one hand, and more new bandgaps are generated due to multiple combinations of vibration of LIA mechanisms on the other hand. Parametric detuning of LIA mechanisms moves the cut-on and cut-off edges of IA bandgap to lower and higher frequency, respectively. The passband between IA and Bragg bandgaps changes to a stopband when the periodicity of finite structures is broken, and an ultra-wide stopband is obtained which from the cut-on frequency of IA bandgap to the cut-off frequency of Bragg bandgap. © 2023 Proceedings of the International Congress on Sound and Vibration. All rights reserved.

关键词： Energy gap

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A Survey on Knowledge Graph Representation Learning with Text Information 3

A Survey on Knowledge Graph Representation Learning with Tex...

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3rd World Symposium on Software engineering, WSSE 2021

作者： Wang, Ling Lu, Jicang Zhou, Gang State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450384094

Knowledge graph representation learning provides a lot of help for subsequent tasks such as knowledge graph completion, information retrieval, and intelligent question answering. By representing the knowledge graph as low-dimensional dense vectors, these tasks can improve efficiency significantly. However, limited by the sparseness and huge scale of the actual structure, representation learning only from a structural perspective can no longer meet the research needs. To improve the performance, researchers introduced auxiliary information into representation learning. This paper focuses on models using text as auxiliary information, dividing all text-combined models into two categories: Closed-world assumption models and Open-world assumption models. The former is limited by the model's demand for the structural representation of the graph itself, and can only predict the entities and relationships that already exist in the knowledge graph. The latter can handle entities that have not previously been seen during model training, and connect brand-new entities to the knowledge graph, which is more in line with the dynamic trend of the knowledge graph in real world. Open-world assumption models can be further subdivided into multiple types according different joint functions, such as alignment function, fusion function, score function and transformation function. This paper summarizes existing methods in detail and looks forward to future possible research directions. © 2021 ACM.

关键词： Knowledge graph

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Pixel+ and Pixel++: compact and efficient forward-secure multi-signatures for PoS blockchain consensus 24

Pixel+ and Pixel++: compact and efficient forward-secure mul...

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Proceedings of the 33rd USENIX Conference on Security Symposium

作者： Jianghong Wei Guohua Tian Ding Wang Fuchun Guo Willy Susilo Xiaofeng Chen State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks (ISN) Xidian University and State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks (ISN) Xidian University College of Cyber Science Nankai University School of Computing and Information Technology University of Wollongong

ISBN: (纸本)9781939133441

Multi-signature schemes have attracted considerable attention in recent years due to their popular applications in PoS blockchains. However, the use of general multi-signature schemes poses a critical threat to the security of PoS blockchains once signing keys get corrupted. That is, after an adversary obtains enough signing keys, it can break the immutable nature of PoS blockchains by forking the chain and modifying the history from some point in the past. Forward-secure multi-signature (FS-MS) schemes can overcome this issue by periodically updating signing keys. The only FS-MS construction currently available is Drijvers et al's Pixel, which builds on pairing groups and only achieves forward security at the time period *** this work, we present new FS-MS constructions that either are free from pairing or capture forward security at the individual message level (i.e., fine-grained forward security). Our first construction Pixel+ works for a maximum number of time periods T. Pixel+ signatures consist of only one group element, and can be verified using two exponentiations. It is the first FS-MS from RSA assumption, and has 3.5x and 22.8x faster signing and verification than Pixel, respectively. Our second FS-MS construction Pixel++ is a pairing-based one. It immediately revokes the signing key's capacity of re-signing the message after creating a signature on this message, rather than at the end of the current time period. Thus, it provides more practical forward security than Pixel. On the other hand, Pixel++ is almost as efficient as Pixel in terms of signing and verification. Both Pixel+ and Pixel++ allow for non-interactive aggregation of signatures from independent signers and are proven to be secure in the random oracle model. In addition, they also support the aggregation of public keys, significantly reducing the storage overhead on PoS *** demonstrate how to integrate Pixel+ and Pixel++ into PoS blockchains. As a proof-of-concept, we provid

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A Patch Analysis Method Based on Multi-firmware Comparison 2021

A Patch Analysis Method Based on Multi-firmware Comparison

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2021 International Symposium on Electrical, Electronics and Information engineering, ISEEIE 2021

作者： Xiao, Ruiqing Zhu, Yuefei Hu, Anxiang Zhu, Xiaoya Liu, Shengli State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450389839

A major user need is the completion of security audits by locating vulnerability functions using vulnerability information published by firmware manufacturers. However, it is difficult to manually analyze the relatively large number of patch functions involved in firmware updates. A patch analysis method based on multi-firmware comparison is presented in this study. This method narrows the search for suspected patch functions for vulnerability based on the similarities and differences between different firmware series involved in the vulnerability. Suspected patch functions in multiple firmware programs are first located and filtered based on intervals. Finally, a prototype system is implemented. The filtering results for the prototype system are used to manually locate two one-day vulnerabilities. The experimental results demonstrate that the two methods proposed in this study, namely, patch function location in multiple firmware programs and interval-based patch function filtering, effectively narrow the search for suspected patch functions and reduce the difficulty of manual analysis. © 2021 ACM.

关键词： Firmware

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STk: A Scalable Module for Solving Top-k Problems 38

STk: A Scalable Module for Solving Top-k Problems

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38th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, NeurIPS 2024

作者： Xia, Hanchen Liu, Weidong Mao, Xiaojun School of Mathematical Sciences Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Ministry of Education Key Lab of Artificial Intelligence Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Scientific and Engineering Computing Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China RoyalFlush AI Research Institute Hangzhou China

The cost of ranking becomes significant in the new stage of deep learning. We propose STk, a fully differentiable module with a single trainable parameter, designed to solve the Top-k problem without requiring additional time or GPU memory. Due to its fully differentiable nature, STk can be embedded end-to-end into neural networks and optimize the Top-k problems within a unified computational graph. We apply STk to the Average Top-k Loss (ATk), which inherently faces a Top-k problem. The proposed STk Loss outperforms ATk Loss and achieves the best average performance on multiple benchmarks, with the lowest standard deviation. With the assistance of STk Loss, we surpass the state-of-the-art (SOTA) on both CIFAR-100-LT and Places-LT leaderboards. © 2024 Neural information processing systems foundation. All rights reserved.

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Thermally Evaporated ZnSe for Efficient and Stable Regular/Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells by Enhanced Electron Extraction

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2023年第5期6卷 440-448页

作者： Xin Li Guibin Shen Xin Ren Ng Zhiyong Liu Yun Meng Yongwei Zhang Cheng Mu Zhi Gen Yu Fen Lin Solar Energy Research Institute of Singapore(SERIS) National University of SingaporeSingapore 117574Singapore Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics Department of ChemistryRenmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technical Center of Light Manipulation and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Devices School of Physics and ElectronicsShandong Normal UniversityJinan 250014China Institute of High Performance Computing A^(*)STARSingapore 138632Singapore

Electron transport layers(ETLs)are crucial for achieving efficient and stable planar perovskite solar cells(PSCs).Reports on versatile inorganic ETLs using a simple film fabrication method and applicability for both low-cost planar regular and inverted PSCs with excellent efficiencies(>22%)and high stability are very ***,we employ a novel inorganic ZnSe as ETL for both regular and inverted PSCs to improve the efficiency and stability using a simple thermal evaporation *** TiO_(2)-ZnSe-FAPbl_(3)heterojunction could be formed,resulting in an improved charge collection and a decreased carrier recombination further proved through theoretical *** optimized regular PSCs based on TiO_(2)/ZnSe have achieved 23.25%efficiency with negligible *** addition,the ZnSe ETL can also effectively replace the unstable bathocuproine(BCP)in inverted ***,the ZnSe-based inverted device realizes a champion efficiency of 22.54%.Moreover,the regular device comprising the TiO_(2)/ZnSe layers retains 92%of its initial PCE after 10:00 h under 1 Sun continuous illumination and the inverted device comprising the C_(60)/ZnSe layers maintains over 85%of its initial PCE at 85℃for 10:00 *** highlights one of the best results among universal ETLs in both regular and inverted perovskite photovoltaics.

关键词： high efficiency long-term stability planar regular/inverted perovskite solar cells thermal evaporation ZnSe electron transport layer

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Solid Additive-Assisted Layer-by-Layer Processing for 19%Efficiency Binary Organic Solar Cells

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Nano-Micro Letters 2023年第7期15卷 16-29页

作者： Guanyu Ding Tianyi Chen Mengting Wang Xinxin Xia Chengliang He Xiangjun Zheng Yaokai Li Di Zhou Xinhui Lu Lijian Zuo Zhikang Xu Hongzheng Chen State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027People’s Republic of China Department of Physics The Chinese University of Hong KongNew TerritoriesHong Kong 999077People’s Republic of China Zhejiang University-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Hangzhou 310014People’s Republic of China MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials and Technologies of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027People’s Republic of China

Morphology is of great significance to the performance of organic solar cells(OSCs),since appropriate morphology could not only promote the exciton dissociation,but also reduce the charge *** this work,we have developed a solid additive-assisted layer-by-layer(SAA-LBL)processing to fabricate high-efficiency *** adding the solid additive of fatty acid(FA)into polymer donor PM6 solution,controllable pre-phase separation forms between PM6 and *** intermixed morphology facilitates the diffusion of acceptor Y6 into the donor PM6 during the LBL processing,due to the good miscibility and fast-solvation of the FA with chloroform solution ***,this results in the desired morphology with refined phase-separated domain and vertical phase-separation structure to better balance the charge transport/collection and exciton ***,the binary single junction OSCs based on PM6:Y6 blend reach champion power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 18.16%with SAA-LBL processing,which can be generally applicable to diverse systems,e.g.,the PM6:L8-BO-based devices and thick-film *** efficacy of SAA-LBL is confirmed in binary OSCs based on PM6:L8-BO,where record PCEs of 19.02%and 16.44%are realized for devices with 100 and 250 nm active layers,*** work provides a simple but effective way to control the morphology for high-efficiency OSCs and demonstrates the SAA-LBL processing a promising methodology for boosting the industrial manufacturing of OSCs.

关键词： Organic solar cells Fatty acid Solid additive Layer-by-layer Vertical phase separation

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