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Proceedings of the 33rd USENIX Conference on Security Symposium

作者： Jianghong Wei Guohua Tian Ding Wang Fuchun Guo Willy Susilo Xiaofeng Chen State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks (ISN) Xidian University and State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks (ISN) Xidian University College of Cyber Science Nankai University School of Computing and Information Technology University of Wollongong

ISBN: (纸本)9781939133441

Multi-signature schemes have attracted considerable attention in recent years due to their popular applications in PoS blockchains. However, the use of general multi-signature schemes poses a critical threat to the security of PoS blockchains once signing keys get corrupted. That is, after an adversary obtains enough signing keys, it can break the immutable nature of PoS blockchains by forking the chain and modifying the history from some point in the past. Forward-secure multi-signature (FS-MS) schemes can overcome this issue by periodically updating signing keys. The only FS-MS construction currently available is Drijvers et al's Pixel, which builds on pairing groups and only achieves forward security at the time period *** this work, we present new FS-MS constructions that either are free from pairing or capture forward security at the individual message level (i.e., fine-grained forward security). Our first construction Pixel+ works for a maximum number of time periods T. Pixel+ signatures consist of only one group element, and can be verified using two exponentiations. It is the first FS-MS from RSA assumption, and has 3.5x and 22.8x faster signing and verification than Pixel, respectively. Our second FS-MS construction Pixel++ is a pairing-based one. It immediately revokes the signing key's capacity of re-signing the message after creating a signature on this message, rather than at the end of the current time period. Thus, it provides more practical forward security than Pixel. On the other hand, Pixel++ is almost as efficient as Pixel in terms of signing and verification. Both Pixel+ and Pixel++ allow for non-interactive aggregation of signatures from independent signers and are proven to be secure in the random oracle model. In addition, they also support the aggregation of public keys, significantly reducing the storage overhead on PoS *** demonstrate how to integrate Pixel+ and Pixel++ into PoS blockchains. As a proof-of-concept, we provid

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Pressure-induced nano-crystallization and high hardness of optically transparentα-Si_(3)N_(4) ceramics

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第5期68卷 183-191页

作者： Shuailing Ma Wei Li Xiaoqi Zhang Kathy Lu Min Lian Xinmiao Wei Yilong Pan Hai Jiang Hongwei Wang Zihan Zhang Qiang Tao Tian Cui Ralf Riedel Pinwen Zhu Institute of High-Pressure Physics School of Physical Scientific and TechnologyNingbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Synergetic Extreme Condition High-Pressure Science Center State Key Laboratory of Superhard MaterialsCollege of PhysicsJilin UniversityChangchun 130012China Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering University of Alabama at BirminghamBirmingham AL 35294USA Department of Materials and Earth Sciences Technical University of DarmstadtDarmstadt 64287Germany

Transparent silicon nitride ceramics with good optical and mechanical properties are promising ceramics for scientific and industrial window materials with a long service *** optical transparency and mechanical strength will be substantially enhanced in dense nano-polycrystalline ***,the synthesis of nano-polycrystallineα-Si_(3)N_(4) has not been realized due to the limitations of conventional sintering ***,nano-polycrystallineα-Si_(3)N_(4) was prepared by direct conversion of micron-grain silicon nitride without additives under high-pressure conditions of 5 GPa and a limited temperature range 1650°C-1700°*** micron-sized grains undergo grain refinement and recrystallization to form uniform nano-grains under high pressure and high ***,transparentα-Si_(3)N_(4) samples exhibit the highest Vickers hardness of 26.7 GPa,which is far higher than that of specimens with or without additives used in other sintering methods(e.g.,SPS,and HP).According to the Hall-Petch and Taylor dislocation hardening effects,the refined nano-grains,coherent grain boundaries,and high dislocation density lead to high ***,the high density,nanoscale grains,and fine grain boundaries are ascribed to the improvement of ***-pressure sintering induces grain refinement,grain coherency,and increased dislocation in silicon nitrides,thus providing a promising method for preparing advanced transparent ceramic windows in the future.

关键词： silicon nitride high pressure and high temperature transparent ceramics hardness

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BAST: Blockchain-Assisted Secure and Traceable Data Sharing Scheme for Vehicular Networks

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IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security 2025年 20卷 4664-4678页

作者： Liu, Xinzhong Cui, Jie Zhang, Jing Yin, Rongwang Zhong, Hong Wei, Lu Bolodurina, Irina He, Debiao Anhui University Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education School of Computer Science and Technology Anhui Engineering Laboratory of IoT Security Technologies Hefei230039 China Hefei University Department of Basic Experiment and Training Hefei230601 China Orenburg State University Faculty of Mathematics and Information Technologies Orenburg460018 Russia Wuhan University School of Cyber Science and Engineering Wuhan430072 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Privacy Preserving Computation MatrixElements Technologies Shanghai201204 China

In vehicular networks, caching service content on edge servers (ESs) is a widely accepted strategy for promptly responding to vehicle requests, reducing communication overhead, and improving service experience. However, implementing such an architecture requires addressing the challenges associated with ES response data reliability and communication security. In this study, to tackle the ES response data reliability issue, a blockchain-assisted threshold signature scheme for cache-based vehicular networks is proposed. The scheme utilizes a threshold mechanism to sign the data broadcast by the ES, incorporates blockchain to trace malicious signers, and avoids the shortcomings and limitations associated with idealized assumptions for the ES in existing data-sharing schemes. Moreover, considering the communication security and high-speed mobility of vehicles, using the non-interactive signatures of knowledge based on the Σ-protocol, a secure and efficient message authentication scheme for vehicles and ESs is provided. Through rigorous security proofs and comprehensive analyses, our scheme satisfies the communication security requirements of vehicular networks. By leveraging the JPBC library for performance analysis, the proposed scheme demonstrates advantages as concerns both computation and communication overheads compared to related schemes. Moreover, we implemented the proposed scheme on an Ethereum test network (i.e., Goerli) to validate its feasibility. © 2005-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Sensitive data

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ApriDS: An evidence linkage network construction model for judgment documents

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Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences 2025年第1期37卷 1-13页

作者： Zhou, Yulin Qin, Yongbin Lin, Chuan Text Computing & Cognitive Intelligence Engineering Research Center of National Education Ministry Guizhou University Guiyang 550025 China State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data Guizhou University Guiyang 550025 China College of Computer Science & Technology Guizhou University Guiyang 550025 China

Evidence serves as the basis for determining facts in the judicial trial process, and exploring the correlation between evidence has become an essential task. However, there is uncertainty and unreliability of evidence. In this paper, we propose an ApriDS model that can mine correlations between evidence and construct evidence linkage networks. Specifically, we use the association rule algorithm to mining for the correlations between evidence in order to initially construct an evidence linkage network. Moreover, we also combine the imprecise reasoning theory to alleviate unreliability among evidence. Finally, combining the above effectively mitigates uncertainty and unreliability in the evidence linkage network. We conduct extensive experiments and present analyses on five case datasets, including marriages, thefts, homicides, contract disputes and unlawful detention. Compared to the baseline model, our method’s accuracy improves by 12.75%, 14.16%, 14.80%, 21.64% and 26.15% on the five datasets, respectively. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Apriori algorithm D-S evidence theory Evidence linkage network Judgment document

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Robust Watermarking Based on Multi-layer Watermark Feature Fusion

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IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 2025年

作者： Wu, Shaowu Lu, Wei Luo, Xiangyang Sun Yat-Sen University School of Computer Science and Engineering Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Information Technology Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology Guangzhou510006 China State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Henan450002 China

The purpose of robust image watermarking is to embed a watermark into a carrier image in an invisible form and extract the watermark successfully even under noise interference conditions to achieve copyright confirmation and traceability. Although watermarking methods based on deep learning can improve the robustness by adding a noise simulation layer, few theoretical analyses of the codec structure have been conducted. Theoretical explainability is the theoretical basis for developing a network architecture, which plays a guiding role in network development. On the basis of the interpretability of convolutional networks, this paper analyzes the mathematical process of embedding and extracting watermarks in codecs and proposes a novel watermarking framework based on multi-layer watermark feature fusion. Specifically, the encoder can be a convolutional network structure of arbitrary depth, whereas the decoder needs only to adopt its corresponding deconvolution structure. To improve the quality and robustness of the generated watermarked image, the watermark is associated with an arbitrary layer feature space in the decoder. In the decoder, the network quickly converges to each original encoding feature space through the deconvolution structure, thus decoupling the watermark features. Finally, the watermark is extracted via the automatic fusion of multi-layer watermark features. The experimental results show that the proposed method is suitable for few-shot learning, and its invisibility, robustness and generalization performance on multiple datasets are significantly better than those of other advanced methods. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Decoding

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Compact Arrayed Waveguide Gratings Fabricated on 800-nm-thick Si3N4 Photonic Integration Platform

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Journal of Lightwave Technology 2025年第11期43卷 5366-5373页

作者： Fan, Zhuping Yan, Xiongshuo Li, Xuan Ma, Xiao Wang, Xuyang Zou, Jun Zhejiang University ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Hangzhou311215 China Zhejiang University of Technology School of Physics Hangzhou310023 China Zhejiang University of Science and Technology School of Information & Electronic Engineering Hangzhou310023 China Shanxi University State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices Taiyuan030006 China

Silicon nitride (Si3N4) waveguide with thickness of > 600 nm having strong mode confinement and anomalous group velocity dispersion (GVD) has today become the leading photonic integration platform for linear and Kerr nonlinear photonics. However, due to the significant stress issue encountered in the deposition of thick Si3N4 film, there is a stringent requirement on the Si3N4 region with no etching. Hence it is very challenging to fabricate an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) which has large potential applications for high-density integrated optical interconnect systems and on-chip filters (e.g., separate optical frequency comb signals), on the thick Si3N4 platform because of its large free propagation region (FPR). Here, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, we demonstrate an 8 × 8 100 GHz spacing AWG router and a 6 × 6 200 GHz spacing AWG multi/demultiplexer on the 800-nm-thick Si3N4 platform using a standard multi-project wafer (MPW) foundry process, by optimizing structural parameters. Both AWGs exhibit good performance with on-chip loss of ∼ 1.2 dB and small channel wavelength deviation of © 2025 IEEE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Silicon nitride

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Decentralized Unlearning for Trustworthy AI-Generated Content (AIGC) Services

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IEEE Network 2025年第3期39卷 285-292页

作者： Lin, Yijing Du, Hongyang Gao, Zhipeng Yao, Jing Jiang, Bingting Niyato, Dusit Li, Ruidong Zhang, Ping Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing100876 China The University of Hong Kong Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Pokfulam Hong Kong Central South University School of Computer Science and Engineering Changsha410083 China Hunan University College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Changsha410082 China Nanyang Technological University College of Computing and Data Science Jurong West 639798 Singapore Kanazawa University Institute of Science and Engineering Kanazawa920-1192 Japan

The widespread adoption of AI-Generated Content (AIGC) has captured remarkable interests from academia and industry. However, this advancement brings forth challenges in data ownership, as emphasized by the General Data Protection Regulation’s right to be forgotten. The right to be forgotten allows participants to erase their data contributions from well-trained AIGC models. Training AIGC models demands an extensive amount of data and computations, often surpassing the capabilities of individual participants. As a solution, Federated Learning (FL) is employed to collaboratively train an AIGC model without sharing raw data directly. To protect the right to be forgotten in FL, "federated unlearning" has been introduced to eradicate the data contributions of unlearning participants from fully trained AIGC models, achieved by deleting historical model updates. However, given that historical updates are distributed among various participants, they may still hold contributions from the unlearning participants. This presents a challenge to the trustworthiness of federated unlearning. In this paper, we first provide an overview of both centralized and federated learning and unlearning methods. We survey relevant works and classify four main categories for federated unlearning. Subsequently, we introduce a comprehensive decentralized unlearning architecture designed for trustworthy AIGC services. To address the challenge of participants retaining historical contributions from unlearning participants, we integrate a coded computing-based interaction mechanism, ensuring both scalability and security. We further present a case study using NanoGPT to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework for decentralized unlearning. We conclude by identifying potential future research directions. © 1986-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Network security

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Spatial-Temporal Resource Utilization for Partially Connected Multi-AUV Broadcast Scheduling

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IEEE Wireless Communications Letters 2025年第5期14卷 1321-1325页

作者： He, Hongyi Du, Jun Jiang, Chunxiao Wang, Jintao Song, Jian Niyato, Dusit Tsinghua University Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Space Network and Communications Department of Electronic Engineering Beijing100084 China Tsinghua University Department of Electronic Engineering State Key Laboratory of Space Network and Communications Beijing100084 China Tsinghua University Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Beijing100084 China Tsinghua University Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Department of Electronic Engineering Beijing100084 China Tsinghua University Shenzhen International Graduate School Shenzhen518055 China Nanyang Technological University College of Computing and Data Science Jurong West Singapore

The long propagation delays in underwater acoustic channels can be leveraged to improve communication efficiency using spatial-temporal reuse techniques. This letter focuses on a system of partially connected AUVs that continuously broadcast packets. A central controller gathers the location information of the AUVs and designs a broadcast sequence exploiting propagation delays to minimize the broadcast cycle. Since finding optimal solutions is time-consuming, we propose a scheduling algorithm that uses heuristics based on partial connections to reduce computational complexity. Additionally, we allow collision tolerance to shorten the broadcast cycle further and investigate the trade-off of the shorter broadcast cycle and collision probability, resulting in a scheduling algorithm exhibiting receiving-alignment properties. Simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in reducing broadcast cycles while maintaining low computational complexity. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Scheduling algorithms

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A Quantitative Method for Predicting the Fragmentation Range in Rock Blasting Based on the Dynamic Coupling Effect of in Situ Stress and Explosive Load

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International Journal of Geomechanics 2025年第7期25卷

作者： Zhu, Jin Yan, Peng Liu, Xiao Zhang, Xiangyu Lu, Wenbo Chen, Ming Wang, Gaohui Huang, Shuling State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management Wuhan Univ. Wuhan430072 China Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Mechanics and Engineering of Ministry of Water Resources Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute Wuhan430010 China

The rock blasting crush zone and fracture zone develop in the direction of major principal stress under the influence of in situ stress. However, there is still a lack of an accurate calculation method for predicting the dynamic influence of in situ stress on the range of these two zones. This paper examined the failure process of the crush zone and fracture zone under dynamic load through the dynamic stress paths of a rock mass. A novel quantitative method for the size of these two zones based on the dynamic coupling effect of in situ stress and explosive load was proposed. Its effectiveness was verified by single-hole blast cracking experiments. The results showed that the method can quantitatively describe the blast damage zone under coupled loading. The accurate determination of the attenuation coefficient (α) of the blast wave in the rock mass is the key to realizing the quantification. In this paper, the inverse proportional function relationship between α and proportional distance (r/a) can be well used to describe this relationship. As the in situ stress increases, the area of the crush zone and the fracture zone produced by the explosion gradually reduces. As the unit in situ stress increases, the degree of reduction in these two zones also reduces. However, due to the difference between r/a and α, this rule is more obvious in the fracture zone. According to the calculation, the radius limit of the fracture zone is lowered by around 50% and the normal stress increases to approximately one times the dynamic tensile strength when the rock mass with a tensile strength of 10.8 MPa is blasted by an emulsion explosive. As the explosion damage range in the low-in situ stress ( © 2025 American Society of Civil Engineers.

关键词： Cracks

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Phase imaging through a single multimode fiber 11

Phase imaging through a single multimode fiber

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Quantitative Phase Imaging XI 2025

作者： Wen, Zhong Yang, Qing Liu, Xu State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation College of Optical Science and Engineering International Research Center for Advanced Photonics Zhejiang University Hangzhou310058 China ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Zhejiang University Hangzhou311215 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510684065

Phase imaging techniques are pivotal for achieving high-contrast visualization of unstained biological specimens in vitro which is typically not applicable in narrow spaces. Recently, multimode fiber has shown promise in enabling high-resolution in vivo endoscopy in biological research. Herein, we introduce a novel phase imaging microscopy technique employing a single multimode fiber through frequency domain modulation. Our method demonstrated exceptional capability in high-contrast imaging of diverse samples, including microspheres, semiconductor chips, and oral epithelial cells. Our technique excels in contrast enhancement and defocused background suppression, presenting a promising avenue for minimally invasive, high-contrast, label-free in vivo phase imaging. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Multimode fibers

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