摘要： 在教育生态学的视角下,高中英语阅读教学被视为一个复杂的生态系统,其中学生、教师、阅读材料、教学环境等各要素相互作用,共同影响教学效果。本文旨在探讨如何在这一理论框架下,设计出一套高效、科学、有趣的高中英语阅读教学路径,以提升学生的英语阅读能力和兴趣。1.教育生态学理论的应用基础教育生态学以其独特的视角,为高中英语阅读教学设计提供了坚实的理论基础。它强调生态系统的整体性,意味着阅读教学需统筹考虑学生、教师、材料与环境等各要素间的相互作用,促进整体教学效果的提升。动态性则要求教学设计应灵活应变,随着学生需求和教学情境的变化而调整,保持教学的活力和创新性。此外,平衡性原理指导教师在阅读教学中追求各要素之间的和谐共生,确保教学活动的有序进行。

摘要： Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations to the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane-conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene, that leads to the buildup of thickened mucus in the lungs that are chronically infected by bacteria (often antibiotic resistant) and fungi. These chronic infections periodically flare in acute events called pulmonary exacerbations which leads to scarring of the lung and permanent decline in pulmonary function. This work presents a model of CF lung disease that incorporates the taxonomic diversity observed in the CF lung into ecological guilds based on their role in the CF sputum environment, resulting in the proposal of four functional groups called the Brewers (fermenting microbes), Drunkers (biofilm building consumers of fermentation products), Putrifiers (anaerobic biofilm dwelling bacteria) and Nihilists (lone wolf pathogens of the lung). Another model of the CF lung microbiome, found in this dissertation, predicts the succession of bacteria in CF sputum based on the concentration of succinate found in the sputum environment, which is known to be substantially higher than sputum from people without CF. The second model is based on the differential succinate flux values predicted by GEnome scale metabolic Models (GEMs) for the 29 most prevalent bacterial species in the CF lung, and observations of in vitro growth data of a mock community of four CF isolated strains of bacteria. The results of which support the existence of two distinct consortia of bacteria in the CF lung, consortium 1 made up of typical CF pathogens which can metabolize succinate and consortium 2 which contains bacteria associated with the human oral cavity that do not metabolize succinate and are likely inhibited by succinate at high concentrations. Lastly, with the aim to address the issue of treating antibiotic resistant bacterial infections in patients with CF or otherwise, this dissertation presents two engineered tailocins MobyWanKenobi and Joh

摘要： This thesis introduces the theory of possessive ecologies, offering a critical alternative to the dominant paradigms of knowledge integration in environmental science, grounded in Moreton-Robinson's ontology of possession and Whyte's Indigenous ecologies. I argue that the field of environmental science plays a crucial role in shaping our understanding of race and property in the colonial context, especially in how landscapes extensively managed by Indigenous peoples have been depicted as untouched or natural. This narrative distortion, along with physical changes made to ecosystems during colonial times, has effectively hidden the rich history and current practices of Indigenous management of these lands. I challenge the widely accepted split that places Indigenous knowledge on one side and scientific knowledge on the other as largely separate. Instead, I argue that these forms of knowledge as they exist today are deeply intertwined within the colonial context. I stress the significance of Indigenous governance and futurity to critique the way Indigenous knowledge is often oversimplified and romanticized, a result of a knowledge integration approach that keeps Indigenous and scientific knowledge in separate spheres. The knowledge integration approach often avoids questioning or altering either body of knowledge and also limits Indigenous influence to areas deemed cultural or spiritual, thereby limiting their potential material impact on land stewardship and governance. I delve into case studies in the field of Science and Technology Studies (STS), advocating for what Todd calls "kin study" as a methodology for Indigenous STS. By incorporating Cree ideas, as well as Indigenous and feminist theories, I examine how landscapes and Indigenous roles are portrayed in the environmental plans and interpretative frameworks at Elk Island National Park, viewing these documents as narratives with historical depth. I compare how relationships with soil and fire are understood thr

摘要： 《生态学报》是由中国科学技术协会主管，中国生态学学会、中国科学院生态环境研究中心主办的生态学高级专业学术期刊，半月刊，主编傅伯杰院士。本刊坚持百花齐放、百家争鸣，产生于科学性、立足于学术性、着眼于实践性、服务于社会性的办刊宗旨，依靠和团结广大生态学科研工作者，为生态学基础理论和应用研究搭建国内一流的学术交流平台，促进生态学研究深入发展，为我国培养和造就生态学科研人才，为国民经济建设和发展提供知识创新服务。

关键词： 美国生态学马克思主义   批判性对话   理论特征  

摘要： 美国生态学马克思主义两大阵营针对生态思想、危机溯源和理论内核进行批判性对话。这种批判性对话以生态危机为焦点，探寻危机产生根源及解决路径；以自然和社会的联系为出发点，探究历史唯物主义生态意蕴。批判性对话丰富了生态学马克思主义的理论内容，扩大了生态学马克思主义的批判视野，深化了对马克思主义的认识。在哲学、生态和政治批判方面，美国生态学马克思主义仍然存在理论缺陷。

摘要： 《环境生态学》期刊于2019年5月创刊，至今已出版54期，刊发了大批高质量学术论文，深受广大科研工作者赞誉。2022年初，期刊入选《环境科学领域高质量科技期刊分级目录》；2022年底，入选中国科技核心期刊目录（自然科学卷）；2023年9月底，《环境生态学》继2022年首次入选之后连续被评为中国科技核心期刊。为进一步提升期刊论文质量和学术影响力，鼓励广大专家学者积极为本刊投递优稿好稿，编辑部于2023年岁末组织开展了2023年度“优秀稿件”“优秀作者”评选活动。

关键词： 通识教育   教育生态   共同体   高等教育  

摘要： 随着社会发展对人才需求的不断转变,中国高等教育经历了从高度专业化人才培养,到20世纪90年代加入文化素质教育,再到近年来趋向“通识教育与专业教育相结合”的过程。一方面,大学通识教育在课程建设、教育研究、管理机制等显性方面开展了丰富的探索;另一方面,当前建设情况与达成通识教育的总体育人目标尚有差距。在此背景下,本文基于清华大学近年来通识教学建设实践的研究提出,通识教育的发展应在以上显性举措之外,更关注在学校、教师与学生之间塑造“共识、共鸣与共同体”,将大学通识教育生态营建放在关键位置。

摘要： (2024年1月修订)1．本刊性质《生态学杂志》(月刊)是中国科学技术协会主管，中国生态学学会、中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所主办的综合性学术期刊，创刊于1982年，由科学出版社出版，国内外公开发行。本刊坚持理论联系实际的办刊方向，结合科研、教学、生产实际，报道生态科学诸领域新成果、新信息等。2．刊登内容本刊刊登有关生态系统生态学、种群生态学、群落生态学、景观生态学、生物地球化学、生理生态学、化学生态学、行为生态学和进化生态学等方面的研究报告、专论与综述、新方法与新技术、研究简报、书刊评介和学术动态等。

关键词： 生态学   幼儿教育   环境创设   幼儿园   发展  

摘要： 在幼儿教育中，环境是十分宝贵且重要的教育资源，具有引导性和启发性，在幼儿园环境创设中，教师应当遵循生态学理念，以幼儿为本，重视幼儿多种感官参与，综合园内外各要素，不断优化环境，充分发挥幼儿在环境中的主体地位，让幼儿在多样化的健康的环境中学习、成长。文章主要就生态学视野下幼儿园环境创设的理性回归展开全面分析。首先阐述生态学理论；其次，分析当前幼儿园环境创设的主要问题；然后总结生态学视野下幼儿园环境创设的原则；最后，结合实际提出有效的实践策略。

摘要： Ants coordinate group tasks such as nest defense and foraging with their nestmates. My thesis unravels signals and cues underlying these tasks. In part 1, I investigate how ants coordinate defense. I characterized pheromonal and vibratory alarm signals of carpenter ants, Camponotus modoc, using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, laser Doppler vibrometry, and video recordings. In bioassays, I then tested the ants' responses to synthetic alarm pheromone and playback of vibratory signals. In response to playback of vibratory signals, ants ran rapidly, or froze, but did not approach the vibratory signals. Exposed to alarm pheromone, ants frequently visited the pheromone source. However, concurrently exposed to both alarm pheromone and vibratory signals, ants visited the pheromone source less often but spent more time 'frozen'. The ants' modulated responses to bi-modal signals seem adaptative to avoid predation by avian predators. In part 2, I investigate how ants locate and assess food sources, and whether acquired knowledge about the ants' nutrient preferences can be applied to curb populations of invasive pest ants. I demonstrate that food sources rich in carbohydrates or proteins prompt long-distance attraction of C. modoc worker ants, and that attraction of ants to plant inflorescences is mediated by specific, rather than shared, floral odorants. I show that C. modoc workers deposit (2S,4R,5S)-2,4-dimethyl-5-hexanolide as their trail pheromone to guide nestmates to food sources. I further show that workers of European fire ants, Myrmica rubra, and C. modoc discern between mono-, di- and tri-saccharides, and between essential amino acids (EAAs) and non-essential amino acids. In a field experiment, colonies of C. modoc and M. rubra preferentially consumed EAAs and sucrose, respectively, with no sustained shift in preferred macro-nutrient over the course of the foraging season. Importantly, the presence of a less preferred macro-nutrient in the nutrient bait did not