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electro-optical and infrared systems: technology and applications XXI 2024

ISBN: (纸本)9781510681088

The proceedings contain 47 papers. The topics discussed include: disruptive imaging field trial (DRIFT) on computational and compressive imaging systems;analysis of surface currents in pBpn superlattice infrared detectors;high-quality factor mid-wave infrared metasurface for methane detection applications;immersive situational awareness and seeing through occlusions at thermal infrared wavelengths;LWIR radiometric signature measurement using micro-bolometer imaging sensors;target tracking in a complex simulated world;optical correction of microscan distortion;development of a sensor hardened against laser damage independent of wavelength by off-focus imaging;design and development of an integrated LiDAR sensor for autonomous driving – achieved results;and active shortwave infrared pushbroom imager for security and defense applications.

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electro-optical and infrared systems: technology and applications XX

Electro-Optical and Infrared Systems: Technology and Applica...

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electro-optical and infrared systems: technology and applications XX 2023

ISBN: (纸本)9781510667037

The proceedings contain 30 papers. The topics discussed include: design of an imaging system for turbulence mitigation using phase diversity;the practicalities of a spatial coherence filter in free-space LIDAR environments;development of a long wave infrared photonic doppler velocimeter;design of a single optical bench for complete performance characterization of night vision device;simulation of a tomographic single-pixel imager using rosette scanning;thermal imagers with boost: range prediction with the Johnson criteria;impact of motion blur on recognition rates of CNN-based TOD classifier models;error analysis of a multi-sensor maritime targeting system;and data gathering trials for the development of military imaging systems.

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electro-optical and infrared systems: technology and applications XIX

Electro-Optical and Infrared Systems: Technology and Applica...

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electro-optical and infrared systems: technology and applications XIX 2022

ISBN: (纸本)9781510655454

The proceedings contain 20 papers. The topics discussed include: single-photon infrared waveguide-based upconversion imaging;mid-infrared (longwave infrared) passive spectroscopic imaging with an uncooled microbolometer array sensor;a scenario-based approach for the evaluation of video object tracking algorithms’ performance;field validation of a mobile detection system for laser scattering measurements in the NIR range;SIMTAD: a simulation tool for evaluating target detection performance of imaging systems;prototype measurement setup to assess near-eye display imaging quality: an update;microbolometer compatible metamaterial absorber for multispectral imaging;and comparison of algorithms for contrast enhancement based on TOD assessments by convolutional neural networks.

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A New Generation of MCT-Based p-on-n technology for Focal-Plane Arrays Ranging from SWIR to vLWIR

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JOURNAL OF electroNIC MATERIALS 2025年 1-8页

作者： Lobre, C. Le Goff, T. Journot, T. Baier, N. Serres, E. Rubaldo, L. Rochette, F. Marmonier, F. Grezes, C. Cassillo, C. Gravrand, O. Univ Grenoble Alpes CEA Leti F-3800 Grenoble France LYNRED Actipole CS 10021 F-38113 Veurey Voroize France

The recent advancements in antimonide-based technologies for cooled infrared imaging systems, coupled with the industry trend toward SWaP-C (size, weight, and power-cost), have led to a heightened emphasis on the manufacturing efficiency and performance stability of infrared focal-plane arrays (IRFPAs). This article presents a new generation of p-on-n technology for IRFPAs based on mercury cadmium telluride (MCT), developed by the joint laboratory of Leti and Lynred. This development is specifically designed to address the growing need to enhance the electro-optical performance of the devices, particularly in terms of image quality and low-frequency stability. The new process outlined herein is founded upon three key features: the utilization of high-quality materials, the optimization of the process through the application of fundamental research, and the implementation of a dedicated diode architecture. The versatility of MCT enables this technology to cover a broad spectral range, from short-wave infrared (SWIR) to very long-wave infrared (vLWIR). This paper presents the successful fabrication of IRFPAs that span this entire spectral range and the results of an electro-optical characterization of the aforementioned prototypes, with a particular focus on low-frequency performance metrics. The results demonstrate that this new generation of p-on-n devices exhibits enhanced operability and uniformity across the focal-plane array, which is characteristic of this new p-on-n generation. These improvements result in notable enhancements in residual fixed-pattern noise (RFPN) for high-temperature applications in the mid-wave band and reduced persistence for astronomical applications.

关键词： HgCdTe SWaP-C infrared focal plane arrays Image quality High operating temperature

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Mid-infrared barium titanate electro-optic modulators based on a germanium-on-silicon platform

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APPLIED OPTICS 2024年第19期63卷 5208-5216页

作者： Huang, Tong Ma, Ruyuan Liu, Yingxuan Xu, Tianqi Qiu, Yang Zhao, Xingyan Zheng, Shaonan Zhong, Qize Dong, Yuan Hu, Ting Shanghai Univ Sch Microelect Shanghai 201800 Peoples R China Shanghai Univ Shanghai Collaborat Innovat Ctr Intelligent Sensin Shanghai 201800 Peoples R China

Mid-infrared electro-optic (EO) modulation efficiency and high-frequency performance of barium titanate (BTO) modulators on a germanium-on-silicon platform are investigated. Leveraging its exceptional Pockels coefficients, BTO exhibits remarkable EO modulation capabilities in both transverse-electric (TE) mode for a-axis growth and transverse-magnetic (TM) mode for c-axis growth. At the wavelength of 3.8 mu m, the v pi L for a-axis oriented BTO (TE polarization) is 1.90 v cm, and for c-axis oriented BTO (TM polarization), it is 2.32 v cm, which have better performance than those of the Pockels effect based EO modulators from literature. In addition, the highfrequency EO response of the modulator is simulated, and a 3-dB EO bandwidth of 62.82 GHz with the optimized traveling wave electrodes is achieved, showing promise in the high-speed MIR applications such as free-space optical communications. (c) 2024 Optica Publishing Group

关键词： Crystalline materials Effective refractive index Free space optics Phase modulation Pockels effect Slot waveguides

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Laser in support for effective operation of active and passive EO systems 21

Laser in support for effective operation of active and passi...

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electro-optical and infrared systems: technology and applications XXI 2024

作者： Steinvall, Ove Elmqvist, Magnus Pettersson, Magnus Allard, Lars FOI Swedish Defence Research Agency Dpt of EO-systems Olaus Magnus Väg 42 Linköping58111 Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9781510681088

Aerosol extinction is critical to EO sensor performance. Some information about extinction may be obtained from a visibility meter or from observing distant parts of the scene. However this may be difficult under conditions of darkness, slant paths, clouds, smoke etc. Therefore we investigate how a laser (for example in the form of a laser range finder) can be used to estimate atmospheric extinction at the laser wavelength. Translating this information to other wavelength regions may be done through established atmospheric models. The use of a laser to evaluate atmospheric attenuation offers an attractive way to achieve performance of various laser and passive electro-optical sensors. A laser weapon is for example very depending on the atmospheric propagation. The paper discusses and exemplifies lidar methods to derive extinction from measurements against targets in the scene or from atmospheric backscatter. © 2024 SPIE.

关键词： optical radar

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Comparison of plane-to-sky contrast and detection range performance in the visible, short-wave infrared, mid-wave infrared, and long-wave infrared bands

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APPLIED OPTICS 2024年第19期63卷 5088-5098页

作者： Cavanaugh, Richard Jordan, Shane Rubis, Jordan Ledbetter, Jamie Driggers, Ronald Univ Arizona Wyant Coll Opt Sci Infrared Syst Grp Tucson AZ 85721 USA

Recent advances in uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAv) technology have the potential to benefit diverse civil, commercial, scientific, and defense projects. Many applications would benefit from beyond visual line-of-sight (BvLOS) operations. Such operations require automated safety systems that allow uncrewed aircraft to avoid collisions with both crewed and uncrewed aircraft. electro-optical and infrared (EO/IR) sensors are commonly employed by aircraft collision avoidance systems. This study compares plane-to-sky contrast in the vIS (0.4 to 0.7 mu m), SWIR (1 to 1.7 mu m), MWIR (3 to 5 mu m), mu m), and LWIR (8 to 14 mu m) to determine which band is most sensitive to an aircraft signal against a clear sky background. Contrast in the two reflective bands ( vIS and SWIR) is determined in terms of equivalent reflectivity, and contrast in the two emissive bands (MWIR and LWIR) is determined in terms of equivalent blackbody temperature. Sensitivity data are then used alongside resolution specifications to estimate the detection performance at-range using the night vision integrated performance model (NvIPM). The results are extrapolated to a maritime atmosphere using MODTRAN. An analysis of the range performance and recommendations on band selection are provided for reference in the design of EO/IR systems for aircraft collision avoidance. Future research may study the band performance at night and against other backgrounds (e.g. clouds, ocean, ground terrain). (c) 2024 Optica Publishing Group

关键词： Detector arrays infrared detectors infrared sensors Night vision Remote sensing systems design

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Latest development on IR detector technology at WAT-vIGO laboratory 21

Latest development on IR detector technology at WAT-VIGO lab...

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electro-optical and infrared systems: technology and applications XXI 2024

作者： Kopytko, Malgorzata Sobieski, Jan Dąbrowski, Karol Gawron, Waldemar Piotrowski, Józef Institute of Applied Physics’ Military University of Technology 2. Kaliskiego St.’ Warsaw00-908 Poland Vigo Photonics S.A.’ 129/133 Poznańska St.’ Mazowiecki’ 05-850 Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9781510681088

The aim of the paper is to review the main achievements in the research of HgCdTe ternary alloy and InAs/InAsSb type-II superlattice material to indicate the Polish contribution to the development of medium and long wavelength infrared photodetectors. Research and development efforts in the WAT-vIGO joint laboratory have focused on the metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (from 2003) and molecular beam epitaxy (from 2015). At present stage of development’ the photoconductive and photovoltaic HgCdTe detectors are gradually replaced with novel device designs based on III-v material system. T2SL devices complement the offer of MCT ones in applications where it is necessary to ensure’ among others: higher resistance to difficult operating conditions and high uniformity of parameters of multi-element detectors. © 2024 SPIE.

关键词： Molecular beam epitaxy

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electro-optical and infrared systems: technology and applications XvIII and electro-optical Remote Sensing Xv

Electro-Optical and Infrared Systems: Technology and Applica...

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electro-optical and infrared systems: technology and applications XvIII and electro-optical Remote Sensing Xv 2021

ISBN: (纸本)9781510645769

The proceedings contain 29 papers. The topics discussed include: radio communication system with а high degree of protection of information against non-allowed access;reconstruction of compressed sensing Raman imaging using machine learning;improving the accuracy of combining pairs of thermal images based on the analysis of visual information;imager performance assessment with TRM4 version 3: an overview;a standard target for triangles or how to transfer TOD to MTDP;target detection: the transition from unresolved to extended targets;towards atmospheric turbulence simulation using a conditional variational autoencoder;and turbulence simulation for anisoplanatic imaging based on phase screens with experimental validation of differential tilt variances.

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Immersive situational awareness and seeing through occlusions at thermal infrared wavelengths 21

Immersive situational awareness and seeing through occlusion...

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electro-optical and infrared systems: technology and applications XXI 2024

作者： Wagenaar, Paul Cowan, Laura v. Wood, Nicholas Harvey, Andrew R. School of Physics and Astronomy University of Glasgow Glasgow United Kingdom Thales UK Glasgow United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781510681088

Portable thermal infrared (TI) imaging is widely used by personnel negotiating complex environments in zero-light, but the field of view provided by conventional TI is akin to tunnel vision. A spherical or hemi-spherical field of view would provide an immersive situational awareness, but the scaling laws of optical aberrations mean that fast, f/1 optics, high space-bandwidth product, and wide field of view cannot be achieved simultaneously. We describe a scaleable multi-camera architecture that leverages the availability of low-cost consumer-oriented miniature longwave-infrared (LWIR) cameras to yield imaging systems with arbitrarily large fields of view (FOvs), high resolution and high radiometric sensitivity. Our concept transfers the burden of complexity from high-cost, high-performance optics to low-cost computation and cameras to enable high-performance imaging from person-portable systems. We describe a multi-camera LWIR system, which records 360◦ panoramic video with 1678×256 pixels. This system captures a 2π steradian field of view and can be readily adapted to full 4π spherical imaging. Furthermore, we employ integral imaging and the changing parallax provided by perambulation to enable enhanced 3D imaging of people in highly cluttered environments. © 2024 SPIE.

关键词： Spheres

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