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Solid-state electrochemiluminescence sensor based on TiO2@CdSe and Ru (bpy)32+@Ag NPs for ultrasensitive detection of malathion

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FOOD CHEMISTRY 2025年 470卷 142726页

作者： li, Huiling Tian, li Yang, Shuning li, Chao li, Ruidan Song, Yujia Guo, Yanjia li, xuwen Changchun Normal Univ Coll chem Changchun 130032 Peoples R China Jilin Univ Coll Chem Changchun 130012 Peoples R China

To sensitively monitor trace-level of malathion (MAT) in vegetable samples, an ultrasensitive solid-state electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensor was proposed based on TiO2@CdSe and Ru(bpy)32+@Ag NPs. In this system, the introduction of Ag NPs enhanced the initial ECL signal of Ru(bpy)32+- tripropylamine (TPrA). When TiO2@CdSe was introduced into the system, the ECL signal was further enhanced, which may be due to the synergistic effect of the two complexes. Based on the fact that the addition of MAT causes ECL strength to decrease, a ECL sensor for the ultrasensitive trace detection of MAT has been successfully established. Under the optimized conditions, a wide liner detection range of MAT concentrations from 4.0 x 10- 14 to 4.0 x 10- 9 mol L- 1 and a low detection limit (S/N = 3) of 1.3 x 10-14 mol L- 1 were obtained. The ECL sensor has been applied to the detection of vegetable samples and satisfactory results were obtained.

关键词： Malathion Ru(bpy)32+ CdSe Electrochemiluminescence

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Solid-state electrochemiluminescence sensor based on g-C3N4@ZIF-8 for ultrasensitive and specific detection of sulfapyridine

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MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL 2025年 211卷

作者： li, Chao Lu, Juan Guo, Yanjia Wang, Jing Song, Yujia li, Ruidan Tian, li li, xuwen Changchun Normal Univ Coll chem Changchun 130032 Peoples R China Jilin Univ Coll Chem Changchun 130022 Peoples R China Technol Innovat Lab Res & Dev Econ Plants & Edible Changchun 130032 Peoples R China

In this study, a solid-state electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensor was developed for ultrasensitive and specific detection of sulfapyridine (SPY) using graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) as a luminescent reagent. The sensor was fabricated by sequentially coating composite material g-C3N4@ZIF-8 and Nafion onto the electrode surface. The g-C3N4, synthesized through high-temperature pyrolysis of melamine, generated a sensitive ECL signal in K2S2O8 solution. And g-C3N4 served as a carrier for ZIF-8, with the latter acting as a co-reaction promoter within the g-C3N4-K2S2O8 system, leading to a significant enhancement of the ECL signal. Additionally, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) with SPY were introduced to further enhance the performance of the sensor by specifically recognizing SPY. Under optimal conditions, the prepared ECL sensor showed sensitive measurement of SPY in the linear range of 5.0 x 10(-13) similar to 5.0 x 10(-8) mol/L, with a detection limit (LOD) of 1.67 x 10(-13) (S/N = 3). The developed MIP-ECL sensor demonstrated good stability, high sensitivity, and reliable reproducibility, thus making it suitable for detecting SPY in real samples.

关键词： Electrochemiluminescence ZIF-8 Molecularly imprinted polymers Sulfapyridine g-C3N4

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Manganese-based virus-mimicking nanomedicine with triple immunomodulatory functions inhibits breast cancer brain metastasis

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BIOMATERIALS 2025年 320卷 123262-123262页

作者： Zhao, Zhenhao Zhou, Jingyi li, xuwen Zhang, Tongyu Tian, Zonghua Sun, Tao Jiang, Chen Fudan Univ Sch Pharm Dept Pharmaceut Minist EducKey Lab Smart Drug DeliveryState Key Shanghai 201203 Peoples R China MOE Frontiers Ctr Brain Sci Shanghai 201203 Peoples R China Fujian Med Univ Affiliated Hosp 1 Natl Reg Med Ctr Dept Digest Dis Binhai Campus Fuzhou 350212 Peoples R China

Hindered by the challenges of blood-brain barrier (BBB) hindrance, tumor heterogeneity and immunosuppressive microenvironment, patients with breast cancer brain metastasis have yet to benefit from current clinical treatments, experiencing instead a decline in quality of life due to radiochemotherapy. While virus-mimicking nanosystems (VMN) mimicking viral infection processes show promise in treating peripheral tumors, the inability to modulate the immunosuppressive microenvironment limits the efficacy against brain metastasis. Accordingly, a VMN-based triple immunomodulatory strategy is initially proposed, aiming to activate innate and adaptive immune responses and reverse the immunosuppressive microenvironment. Here, manganese-based virus-mimicking nanomedicine (Vir-HD@HM) with intratumoral drug enrichment is engineered. Vir-HD@HM can induce the immune response through the activation of cGAS-STING by mimicking the in vivo infection process of herpesviruses. Meanwhile, DNAzyme mimicking the genome can rescue the epigenetic silencing of PTEN with the assistance of Mn2+, thus ameliorating the immunosuppressive metastatic microenvironment and achieving synergistic sensitizing therapeutic efficacy. In vivo experiments substantiate the efficacy of VirHD@HM in recruiting NK cells and CD8+ T cells to metastatic foci, inhibiting Treg cells infiltration, and prolonging murine survival without adjunctive radiochemotherapy. This study demonstrates that Vir-HD@HM with triple immunomodulation offers an encouraging therapeutic option for patients with brain metastasis.

关键词： Breast cancer brain metastasis Virus-mimicking nanosystem Immune activation Immunosuppressive microenvironment regulation PTEN cGAS-STING

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Size and Charge Dual-Switchable Nanoparticles for Achieving Chemosensitization and Immune Infiltration against Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

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ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2025年第1期35卷

作者： Song, Haolin Chen, Hongyi Chen, Qinjun Fan, Hongrui li, Chufeng Wang, Yu Zhang, Shilin li, xuwen Su, Boyu Sun, Tao Jiang, Chen Fudan Univ Sch Pharm Dept Pharmaceut Key Lab Smart Drug DeliveryMinist EducState Key Shanghai 201203 Peoples R China MOE Frontiers Ctr Brain Sci Shanghai 201203 Peoples R China Fujian Med Univ Affiliated Hosp 1 Natl Reg Med Ctr Dept Digest Dis Binhai Campus Fuzhou 350212 Peoples R China

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), one of the most challenging cancers, is uniquely characterized by a biological barrier composed of multiple components in the extracellular matrix, preventing penetration of chemotherapeutic agents and hindering clinical drug treatment. Collagen I arrangement is critical. In this study, gemcitabine is chosen as the chemotherapeutic agent and dasatinib as the collagen-I-disrupting agent. When collagen I arrangement is disrupted, not only the chemotherapeutic drug enters the tumor area better, but the infiltration of CD8+ T cells into the tumor also increases. Therefore, a hypoxia-responsive linker-crosslinked polymer, DGD/L@GBI, is designed, which can be simultaneously loaded with two therapeutic agents, gemcitabine and dasatinib. The polymer is encapsulated by nucleic acid aptamers that target the PDAC stromal microenvironment and shield the surface. The aptamer is removed upon arrival at the PDAC hypoxic microenvironment, exposing the positively charged core to achieve charge reversal. Particle size transformation is achieved using linkers that respond to a hypoxic microenvironment. Increased intratumoral penetration is achieved using the dual transformation capabilities of the formulation. Pairing these two agents can result in a powerful efficacy in chemotherapy sensitization and immune infiltration.

关键词： charge reversal chemosensitization immune infiltration pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma size reduction

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Study on the influence of methanol on the precursor of soot and particulate matter of diesel engine fueled with F-T diesel

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Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization and Environmental Effects 2025年第1期47卷 11891-11910页

作者： li, Ruina liu, Qingcheng Yang, Dahai Zhu, Jialong li, xuwen Yue, Hua Meng, Yang School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering Jiangsu University Jiangsu Zhenjiang China Zhejiang Shaoxing China

Methanol is a high-quality alternative fuel for diesel engines and mainly used for methanol intake injection (MII) and methanol mixing direct injection (MMDI) modes. The methanol injection mode influences the formation of soot precursors and particulate matter (PM). This paper carried out a methanol/F-T diesel engine bench test at 2400 r/min, 100% load with two methanol injection modes. And the effects of methanol injection mode on the soot precursor were investigated by establishing an in-cylinder working process simulation. Research has shown that when the methanol blending ratio is 30%, the smoke emissions of MMDI and MII were reduced by 25.3% and 30.2% compared to F-T diesel. Moreover, the MII mode was more conducive to improving the agglomeration degree of particulate matter. MII mode formed a uniform methanol mixture earlier than MMDI mode at the same crankshaft angle in the cylinder. Benzene (A1) is the first ring of aromatic hydrocarbons and the most important precursor of soot. When the methanol blending ratio was 30%, compared with MMDI, the peak concentration of A1 was reduced by 17.2% and appeared earlier by 14.3% in MII mode. C3H3 was the main intermediate product of aromatic hydrocarbons formation. Compared with the MMDI mode, the peak concentration of C3H3 in the MII mode was reduced by 51.6%, effectively suppressing the generation of benzene. © 2025 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

关键词： Benzene

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Synergistic optimization strategies for the development of multienzymatic cascade system-based electrochemical biosensors with enhanced performance

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BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS 2025年 274卷 117222页

作者： Zhu, Yuzhuo Cheng, Zhaoming Wang, Xueqi Zhang, Chuanjun li, xuwen Wei, Yanxue Wang, Jiajia Fang, Yuxin Wang, Yi Zhang, Di Tianjin Univ Tradit Chinese Med Coll Pharmaceut Engn Tradit Chinese Med Tianjin 301617 Peoples R China Tianjin Univ Tradit Chinese Med Inst Tradit Chinese Med Tianjin 301617 Peoples R China Tianjin Key Lab Intelligent & Green Pharmaceut Tra Tianjin 301617 Peoples R China State Key Lab Chinese Med Modernizat Tianjin 301617 Peoples R China Tianjin Univ Tradit Chinese Med Coll Acumox & Tuina Res Ctr Expt Acupuncture Sci Tianjin 301617 Peoples R China Natl Clin Res Ctr Chinese Med Acupuncture & Moxibu Tianjin 301617 Peoples R China

Multienzymatic cascade system (MCS) strategies have been a topic of growing interest in the electrochemical biosensor research field owing to their many advantages. By combining two or more enzymes in an appropriate manner, MCS approaches can extend the range of detection for particular analytes while improving the overall efficiency of biocatalytic cascade reactions. Compared with mono-enzyme biosensors, the integration of MCS and electrochemical biosensor platforms is inherently more challenging owing to the increased complexity of the resultant system. In recent years, substantial progress in the development of MCS-based electrochemical biosensors with enhanced analytical performance has been made. This review provides an overview of the types of MCS strategies and their biosensor applications, together with a summary of synergistic optimization approaches that can help improve key parameters including sensitivity, selectivity, and stability when designing MCS-based electrochemical biosensors. These discussions include examples of published biosensor platforms (2016-2024) while also surveying key advances in associated research areas including redox mediators/enzyme coimmobilization, enzyme engineering, multienzyme spatial regulation, enzyme-nanozyme integration and others. Lastly, a brief overview of current challenges and future perspectives pertaining to MCS-based electrochemical biosensor design is provided.

关键词： Multienzymatic system Electrochemical biosensor Cascade reaction Synergistic strategy Enzymatic biosensor

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A Methionine Allocation Nanoregulator for the Suppression of Cancer Stem Cells and Support to the Immune Cells by Epigenetic Regulation

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ADVANCED SCIENCE 2025年第15期12卷 e2415207页

作者： Su, Boyu Chen, Qinjun li, xuwen Fang, Mingzhu Wang, Yu Song, Haolin You, Haoyu Zhou, Zheng Wu, Yuxing Zhao, Zhenhao Chen, Yun Fan, Hongrui li, Chufeng Jiang, Chen Sun, Tao Fudan Univ State Key Lab Med Neurobiol Sch Pharm Dept PharmaceutKey Lab Smart Drug DeliveryMinist Shanghai 201203 Peoples R China MOE Frontiers Ctr Brain Sci Shanghai 201203 Peoples R China Fujian Med Univ Affiliated Hosp 1 Natl Reg Med Ctr Dept Digest Dis Binhai Campus Fuzhou 350212 Peoples R China Quzhou Fudan Inst Quzhou 324003 Peoples R China

Epigenetic dysregulation is prevalent in human cancers, affecting gene expression and metabolic patterns to meet the demands of malignant evolution and abnormal epigenetic processes, and resulting in a protumor immune microenvironment. Tumors require a steady supply of methionine for maintaining epigenetic flexibility, which is the only exogenous precursor of methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine for methylation, crucial for their resistance to therapies and survival in a nutrient-deficient microenvironment. Thus, tumor cells upregulate the Lat4 transporter to compete and deprive methionine in the microenvironment, sustaining their malignant phenotypes and also impairing immune cell functions. Addressing this methionine addiction is the key to overcoming drug resistance and improving immune response. Despite the challenge of lacking specific Lat4 inhibitors, an oxaliplatin prodrug crosslinked fluorinated polycation/anti-Lat4 small interfering RNA complex nanoregulator (AS-F-NP) has been designed and developed here. This nanoregulator restricted the greedy methionine uptake of tumor cells by knocking down Lat4, which in turn inhibited the malignant evolution of the tumor while restoring the viability and function of tumor-infiltrating immune cells.

关键词： cancer therapy epigenetic immune methionine oxaliplatin siRNA

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Effect of Fe–N–C single atom/cluster catalyst on ORR of PEMFC

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International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2025年 139卷 718-729页

作者： Ruina li xuwen li Qingcheng liu Hua Yue Yang Meng Yuanyuan Tian School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 Jiangsu China Zhejiang Constant Power Machinery Co. Ltd. (CST) Shaoxing 312000 Zhejiang China Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 Jiangsu China Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi University of Science and Technology Xi'an 710021 Shaanxi China

With the continuous advancement of fuel cell technology, the exploration and development of highly efficient non - precious - metal catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) have emerged as a focal point of research. Fe–N–C catalysts have attracted much attention due to their excellent performance and low cost, and coupling single-atom catalysts (SACs) with atomic clusters (ACs) is an effective method to improve catalyst activity. This study used the pyrolysis method to synthesize iron atom catalysts (Fe–N–C SACs) and iron cluster coupled catalysts (Fe–N–C SACs/ACs) on ZIF-8 carbon support. It evaluated the catalyst performance through electrochemical testing. The experimental results showed that the introduction of Fe clusters improved the half-wave potential of the catalyst to 0.399 V, which represented an 8.2 % enhancement compared to the SAC catalyst and reached 87.1 % of that of the commercial Pt–C catalyst, and reduced the Tafel slope to 61.47 mV dec −1 , effectively improving the ORR activity of the catalyst. We constructed FeN 4 single atom catalyst models and FeN 4 /Fe 4 N 6 single atom cluster catalyst models using density functional theory (DFT), analyzed their electronic structures and reaction mechanisms, and revealed the mechanism of action of iron clusters. DFT calculations showed that iron clusters altered the charge distribution of FeN 4 sites, reducing the rate determining step (RDS) (OH desorption) energy to 0.5 eV, which promoted the desorption of products and the re-adsorption of reactants. As a result, the superior electrocatalytic performance of Fe–N–C SAC/AC is attributed to the synergistic effect between iron clusters and single atoms, which is influenced by the coordination environment and provides new ideas for designing efficient ORR catalysts.

关键词： Electrolytic reduction

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Engineered Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles-Based Doxorubicin and CD47-siRNA Co-Delivery Nanoplatform Overcomes Immune Resistance to Potentiate the Immunotherapy of Glioblastoma

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ADVANCED MATERIALS 2025年第15期37卷 e2418053页

作者： You, Haoyu Zhang, Shilin Zhang, Yiwen Chen, Qinjun Wu, Yuxing Zhou, Zheng Zhao, Zhenhao Su, Boyu li, xuwen Guo, Yun Chen, Yun Tang, Weiyi liu, Bing Fan, Hongrui Geng, Shuo Fang, Mingzhu li, Fangxin liu, Guangna Jiang, Chen Sun, Tao Fudan Univ Sch Pharm State Key Lab Med Neurobiol Minhang HospInnovat Ctr New Drug Dev Immune Infla Shanghai 201203 Peoples R China Fudan Univ MOE Frontiers Ctr Brain Sci Sch Pharm Dept Pharmaceut Shanghai 201203 Peoples R China Fujian Med Univ Affiliated Hosp 1 Natl Reg Med Ctr Dept Orthoped Binhai Campus Fuzhou 350212 Peoples R China Quzhou Fudan Inst Quzhou 324003 Peoples R China

Apart from the blood-brain barrier (BBB), the efficacy of immunotherapy for glioblastoma (GBM) is limited by the presence of intrinsic and adaptive immune resistance, implying that co-delivery of various immunotherapeutic agents or simultaneous regulation of different cells is urgently needed. Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) offer a unique advantage in the treatment of GBM, owing to their multifunctional properties as carriers and immune adjuvants and their ability to cross the BBB. However, traditional OMVs can lead to toxic side effects and disruption of tight junctions in the BBB. Therefore, to enhance the in vivo safety and targeting capability of OMVs, we introduced engineered OMVs to reduce toxicity and further constructed a modularly assembled nanoplatform by performing simple peptide modifications. This nanoplatform demonstrates satisfactory biosafety and is able to continuously cross the BBB and target GBM with the assistance of Angiopep-2. Subsequently, immunogenic substances on OMVs, along with carried small-interfering RNA (siRNA) and doxorubicin, can promote and enhance the reprogramming and phagocytic abilities of macrophages and microglia, respectively, and increase the immunogenicity of GBM, ultimately overcoming GBM immune resistance to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy. This OMVs-based nanoplatform provides a new paradigm and insights into the development of immunotherapy for GBM.

关键词： engineering technology glioblastoma immune resistance immunotherapy outer membrane vesicles

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Transcytosis-Triggering Nanoparticles for Overcoming Stromal Barriers and Reversing Immunosuppression in Pancreatic Cancer Combinatorial Therapy

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NANO LETTERS 2025年第7期25卷 2949-2959页

作者： Zhang, Shilin You, Haoyu Fan, Hongrui Chen, Yun Song, Haolin Zhao, Zhenhao Chen, Qinjun Wang, Yu Tian, Zonghua Wu, Yuxing Zhou, Zheng Guo, Yun Su, Boyu li, xuwen Jia, Ru Fang, Mingzhu Jiang, Chen Sun, Tao Fudan Univ Minhang Hosp Key Lab Smart Drug Delivery State Key Lab Med NeurobiolMinist Educ Shanghai 201203 Peoples R China Fudan Univ Frontiers Ctr Brain Sci Sch Pharm MOE Shanghai 201203 Peoples R China Quzhou Fudan Inst Quzhou 324003 Peoples R China Fujian Med Univ Binhai Campus Affiliated Hosp 1 Natl Reg Med Ctr Dept Digest Dis Fuzhou 350212 Peoples R China

In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), stromal cells and matrix proteins form a dense physical barrier that, while preventing the outward spread of tumor cells, also limits the penetration of drugs and CD8+ T cells inward. Additionally, the overactivated TGF-beta/SMAD signaling pathway further promotes matrix proliferation and immune suppression. Therefore, crossing the stromal barrier while preserving the integrity of the stroma, releasing drugs intratumorally, remodeling the stroma, and activating the immune system is a promising drug delivery strategy. In this work, a type of enamine N-oxides modified nanoparticle was prepared, with stearic acid-modified gemcitabine prodrug (GemC18) and pSMAD2/3 inhibitor galunisertib encapsulated. The peripheral enamine N-oxides can trigger transcytosis and then respond to hypoxia and acidic microenvironments, turning the surface charge of the nanoparticles to a positive charge and enhancing penetration. The released galunisertib inhibits the TGF-beta/SMAD signaling pathway, reshapes the matrix, activates antitumor immunity, and combines with gemcitabine (Gem) to kill tumor cells.

关键词： Drug delivery system transcytosis tumor penetration enamine N-oxide TGF-beta/SMAD signalingpathway

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