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Microalgae-based biodegradable embolic agent for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma through transarterial embolization

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JOUrNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2025年第1期23卷 234页

作者： Wang, Kaiyue Zhong, danni Yang, Lingxiao Zeng, Cheng Hu, Qitao Zhou, Min Tang, Zhe Zhejiang Univ Affiliated Hosp 4 Int Inst Med Ctr Canc MedSch MedDept Surg Yiwu 322000 Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Int Inst Med Int Sch Med Yiwu 322000 Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Univ Edinburgh Inst Sch Med ZJU UoE Inst Haining 314400 Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Minist Educ Key Lab Canc Prevent & Intervent Hangzhou 310009 Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Affiliated Hosp 4 Sch Med Int Sch MedDept Resp & Crit Care Med Yiwu 322000 Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Ordos City Etuoke Banner Joint Res Ctr Haining 314400 Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Natl Key Lab Biobased Transportat Fuel Technol Hangzhou 310027 Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Sch Med Affiliated Hosp 2 Dept Surg Hangzhou Peoples R China

Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) serves as a locoregional therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Nevertheless, the rapid dissociation of conventional TACE (cTACE) preparations, attributed to the instability of the emulsion, often leads to inadequate concentrations of chemotherapeutic agents within the tumor site. Consequently, there exists a pressing demand for an embolic agent that possesses facile injectability and the capacity to provide continuous delivery of chemotherapy drugs. Herein, we leveraged the inherent drug-loading capabilities and distinctive structural attributes of Spirulina platensis (SP) to formulate a novel microalgae embolic agent, doxorubicin loaded-Spirulina platensis (dOX-SP). The dOX-SP formulation exhibited a notable capacity for drug loading and demonstrated the ability to sustain drug release in response to acidic tumor microenvironments (TME). The spiral structure and micron-scale size of SP contributed to effective vascular embolization and continuous localized release of dOX. Furthermore, the biodegradability of SP as a natural biomaterial ensured good biosafety, with its degradation products potentially enhancing the pH of TME. In a rat model of in-situ hepatocellular carcinoma, dOX-SP effectively suppressed tumor growth and significantly reduced tumor size following intra-arterial injection, while exhibiting minimal adverse effects. Taken together, the high drug loading capacity, effective vascular embolization, pH sensitivity, TME pH modulation, and biodegradability of dOX-SP made it a promising embolic agent for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment.

关键词： Liver cancer drug delivery Microalgae Transarterial embolization Biodegradable

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An online prediction method for array antenna assembly performance based on digital twin

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JOUrNAL OF INTELLIGENT MANUFACTUrING 2025年第4期36卷 2727-2748页

作者： Guo, Xuepeng Liu, Linyan Wang, Huifen Li, Yue du, Xiaodong Shi, Jiancheng Wang, Yue Nanjing Univ Sci & Technol Sch Mech Engn 200Xiaolinwei St Nanjing 210094 Jiangsu Peoples R China China Elect Technol Grp Corp Res Inst 29 496Yingkang West Rd Chengdu 610036 Sichuan Peoples R China Chongqing Univ Posts & Telecommun Coll Adv Mfg Engn 2 Chongwen St Chongqing 400065 Peoples R China

In the actual array antenna assembly process, changes in the assembly process parameters strongly impact the solder joints. Thus, it is always necessary to pay attention to the stress-strain situation of solder joints to avoid their failure and affecting the overall performance of the resulting antenna products. In this paper, based on digital twin and cloud-edge collaboration technology, an online prediction method for array antenna assembly performance based on digital twinning and cloud-edge collaboration technology is proposed. First, key assembly process parameters such as the tightening torque, tightening sequence and part flatness of the array antenna are used as simulation inputs to carry out the finite element simulation. The mapping relationships between the assembly process parameters and assembly performance are determined, and simulation data samples are constructed. Then, a prediction method that combines ensemble learning and a BP neural network is proposed for assembly performance prediction of array antennas, and an assembly performance prediction model is constructed to realize the online prediction of assembly performance. The results show that the prediction is as expected. Finally, a digital twin-cloud-edge collaborative antenna assembly process performance prediction system is constructed, and real-time monitoring of antenna assembly performance is performed when applied to an array antenna assembly process. The instance validation showed that the developed online prediction model has an average accuracy of 94.35%. This real-time monitoring method can ensure critical solder joint performance and improve the success rate of antenna assembly.

关键词： digital twin Cloud-edge collaboration Ensemble learning Online prediction Array antenna

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Vulnerability detection and Improvements of an Image Cryptosystem for real-Time Visual Protection

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ACM TrANSACTIONS ON MULTIMEdIA COMPUTING COMMUNICATIONS ANd APPLICATIONS 2025年第3期21卷 1-23页

作者： Talhaoui, Mohamed Zakariya Wang, Zhelong Midoun, Mohamed Amine Smaili, Abdelkarim Mekkaoui, djamel Eddine Lablack, Mourad Zhang, Ke Dalian Univ Technol Sch Control Sci & Engn Dalian Peoples R China Dalian Univ Technol Sch Software Dalian Peoples R China Dalian Univ Technol Sch Comp Sci & Technol Dalian Peoples R China

Chaos-based cryptosystems are regarded as highly secure techniques for image encryption. However, despite the considerable enhancement of encryption robustness provided by chaotic systems, security vulnerabilities may still arise, potentially leading to drastic damage in contexts involving sensitive data such as medical or military images. Identifying these vulnerabilities and developing corresponding countermeasures are essential to prevent security breaches and achieve higher protection. From this perspective, this research thoroughly examines the security of an image encryption scheme based on the 1d sine-powered chaotic map. This analysis identifies vulnerabilities within the scheme that can reduce it to a permutation-only scheme. Exploiting the found vulnerabilities, three distinct cryptanalysis attacks are proposed in this work. These attacks enable unauthorized individuals to replicate the encryption and decryption processes without possessing the secret key, posing significant security risks. Under ciphertext-only attack, chosen-plaintext attack, and chosenciphertext attack conditions, the proposed attacks demonstrate their effectiveness through simulation and experimentation. Notably, the results indicate that these attacks can be executed within seconds and using only a few special plaintext or ciphertext images. An improved version of the analyzed scheme is introduced to address the identified vulnerabilities and enhance its security and speed.

关键词： Cryptanalysis image encryption multimedia security optimization chaos theory

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Exploration of suitable utilization paths for different parts of corn straw based on principal component analysis

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BIOMASS CONVErSION ANd BIOrEFINErY 2025年第4期15卷 6013-6026页

作者： Fu, Guohao Huo, Lili Zhao, Lixin Li, Qichen Jia, Jixiu Xie, Teng Zhao, Yanan Yao, Zonglu CAAS Inst Environm & Sustainable Dev Agr Beijing 100081 Peoples R China Minist Agr & Rural Affairs Key Lab Low Carbon Green Agr North China Beijing 100081 Peoples R China

As a widely produced renewable, low-cost biomass resource, corn straw's physicochemical properties and utilization potential have been extensively studied in order to utilize it with high value and efficiency. However, the impact of the differences in physicochemical properties between different parts of corn straw on its utilization potential has been ignored before. In this study, the composition, chemical properties, and morphology of different parts of corn straw (root, stem, leaf, bract, and corncob) were characterized, and 18 key components were used as evaluation indexes to construct a comprehensive evaluation index system for straw combustion utilization, anaerobic digestion utilization, feed utilization, and fertilizer utilization. Furthermore, the weight of each index was determined using principal component analysis, and the comprehensive evaluation scores of different parts of corn straw were calculated. The results showed that the roots were more suitable for anaerobic digestion and fertilizer utilization, the stems and corncobs were more suitable for combustion utilization, the bracts were more suitable for anaerobic digestion, and the leaves were more suitable for fertilizer utilization and feed utilization. Finally, the feasibility and future development direction of segmented utilization of corn straw were discussed, providing useful information for scientific and efficient utilization of straw resources.

关键词： Corn straw Segmented utilization Index system Principal component analysis

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On multiple low-velocity impact response and compression after impact of composite laminates

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MECHANICS OF AdVANCEd MATErIALS ANd STrUCTUrES 2025年第6期32卷 1043-1057页

作者： Hu, Peng Jian, Yue'ao Hu, Cheng Zhang, Nan Wang, Xinwei Cai, deng'an Zhou, Guangming Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut State Key Lab Mech & Control Aerosp Struct Nanjing Peoples R China Guangdong Zhongmei Jiangnan Engn Survey Design Co Guangzhou Peoples R China

This paper aims to study the multiple low-velocity impact (LVI) response and compression after impact (CAI) performance of composite laminates subjected to different energy impacts. The study includes an analysis of the effect of the first impact with different energy on the second impact with the same energy at the same location. The results show that the first impact has a certain enhancement effect on the impact resistance of the laminates when the impact energy is very small. Overall, with the increase of the first impact energy, the impact resistance and the residual compressive strength of the laminate significantly reduce.

关键词： Composite laminates low-velocity impact multiple impact mechanical response compression after impact

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Suitable scale structures for urban multi-functions: an integrative approach grounded in socio-ecological system analysis

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ECOLOGICAL PrOCESSES 2025年第1期14卷 1-15页

作者： Hong, Wuyang Yang, Shuwen Guo, renzhong Li, Yelin Jiang, Lin Li, Xiaoming Shenzhen Univ Res Inst Smart Cities Sch Architecture & Urban Planning Shenzhen 518000 Peoples R China Shenzhen Univ State Key Lab Subtrop Bldg & Urban Sci Shenzhen 518000 Peoples R China Shenzhen Univ Guangdong Hong Kong Macau Joint Lab Smart Cities Shenzhen 518000 Peoples R China

Aimsresearch on the appropriate scale structure and spatial layout of ecological, urban, and agricultural spaces and the effective and methodical development and protection of urban space can provide a solid foundation for the sustainable development of the complex socio-economic urban *** on the perspective of a coupled social-ecological system, this paper constructed an assessment model to determine the ecological protection importance and development suitability of urban space, proposed the ecological-urban-agricultural priority for densely populated urban areas, and established the appropriate functional layout of urban space using a priority matrix-based mapping *** an empirical case study of Shenzhen, this paper determined the optimal scale structure of the types of functional spaces, identified areas of functional conflict, and proposed targeted optimization strategies for functional mismatch areas. The findings show that the appropriate scale ratio of Shenzhen's urban, ecological, and agricultural functions is 5:4:1, which is consistent with the actual structure ratio of Shenzhen's land use *** proposed method can predict the appropriate scale structure of urban space development and ecological protection based on the comprehensive multi-perspective consideration of social and economic factors to provide a scientific reference for effective decision-making on urban space optimization and sustainable development.

关键词： Socio-ecological system (SES) Ecological-urban-agricultural space Multi-functions Suitable scale structure Shenzhen

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Tensile testing of high-speed rail wheels using tiny specimens

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MATErIALS TESTING 2025年第4期67卷 590-600页

作者： Zhu, Lin-Mao Wang, Gui-Yong Wang, Hai-Zhou Wang, Peng Song, Yan Li, dong-Ling Ye, Min Jia, Yun-Hai Cent Iron & Steel Res Inst Grp Beijing Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol Beijing Sch Met & Ecol Engn Beijing Peoples R China

High-speed rail wheels are critical components responsible for load-carrying, guiding, and transferring traction and braking forces, impacting the safety, stability, and reliability of trains. Among the mechanical properties of high-speed rail wheels, tensile properties influence both heat treatment and overall performance evaluation. This study investigated the tensile properties of the rim and spoke of high-speed rail wheels using both conventional and tiny specimens. Additionally, tensile tests were conducted on tiny specimens sampled along the axial and circumferential directions of the wheel rim to assess the distribution of tensile properties. The tensile properties of tiny specimens of the spoke closely aligned with those of conventional specimens. However, the results obtained using tiny and conventional specimens of the wheel rim, although similar, showed greater variability. The tensile properties of the wheel rim exhibited a gradient distribution, with the highest tensile strength near the tread side and the lowest near the spoke side. The plasticity parameters showed minimal variation along both the axial and circumferential directions of the rim. This study provides valuable insights for optimizing the production process of high-speed rail wheels, ultimately enhancing their overall quality. The findings are significant for improving technical support in the manufacturing of high-speed rail wheels.

关键词： high-speed rail wheels tensile property tiny specimen wheel rim wheel spoke

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Multimaterial Topology Optimization Method of Surface-Mounted PMSM rotor Poles Based on Variable density representation

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IEEE-ASME TrANSACTIONS ON MECHATrONICS 2025年第1期30卷 436-446页

作者： He, Xinghua Yan, Liang Xiang, Pengjie du, Nannan Liu, Xiaoshuai Chen, I-Ming Hu, Haifeng Beihang Univ Sch Automat Sci & Elect Engn Beijing 100191 Peoples R China Beihang Univ Sch Automat Sci & Elect Engn Sci & Technol Aircraft Control Lab Beijing 100191 Peoples R China Beihang Univ Ningbo Inst Technol Ningbo 315800 Peoples R China Nanyang Technol Univ Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn Singapore 639798 Singapore Inst Beijing Aerosp Automatic Control Inst Beijing 100854 Peoples R China Natl Key Lab Aerosp Intelligence Control Beijing 100854 Peoples R China

Conventionally, the designers of electrical machines assume the employment of regular shaped magnets, such as rectangular, sector, or tiled-shapes. The geometry of magnet poles is fixed, and the design purpose is mainly to optimize the dimensional values. However, these regular shapes employed may not be the best choice, unavoidably limiting the final design result, and compromising the output performance of the electrical machines. An alternative scheme is to conduct topology optimization for rotor poles. By this method, the geometrical shape of magnets along with the iron core is no longer fixed, but automatically obtained through the optimal distribution of materials, such as iron, magnet, and air. It helps to achieve better optimization results with less shape constrains. Therefore, this article proposes a multimaterial topology optimization method based on variable density representation for surface-mounted permanent-magnet synchronous motor to obtain an optimal rotor pole pattern, and thus improve the output performance of electrical machines, especially the torque density, which is crucial in aerospace industry. The computational speed is increased by improving the objective function and the arbitrary volume constraints become clear by combining size and topology optimization. To validate the design method, theoretical, numerical and experimental studies are conducted. First, the operating principle, design variables, constrains, optimization objective, and procedure of the method are introduced in detail. Then, the optimization method is implemented into the rotor design of one surface-mounted electric machine, and the result is presented and discussed. Subsequently, the magnetic flux density and torque output of electric machine with the optimized rotor poles is compared with conventional design, and it shows that the former can achieve better output performance relatively. Finally, one research prototype of the electrical machine is developed, and experime

关键词： Magnetic pole pattern permanent-magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) surface-mounted pole topology optimization torque density

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Garlic-derived nanoparticles inhibit tumor by activating tumor infiltrating γδT cells

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Nano research 2025年第2期18卷 586-593页

作者： Jialu Xu Jintao Huang Yue Yu di Hu Yue Zhang Huaxing dai Li You Fang Xu Jian Shen Chao Wang Department of Interventional Radiology The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China Institute of Functional Nano&Soft Materials(FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and DevicesSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China

γδT cells have emerged as a promising target in tumor therapy,prompting the development of novel strategies to activate these cells directly within the tumor *** this study,we engineered uniformly sized spherical garlic-derived nanoparticles(GNPs)to stimulate tumor-infiltratingγδT *** intratumoral injection of GNPs,we demonstrated their ability to directly activate γδT cells,leading to potent antitumor *** approach resulted in significant inhibition of various subcutaneous tumors in ***,under computed tomography(CT)guidance,intratumoral injection of GNPs effectively suppressed the growth of orthotopic liver cancer in New Zealand white *** studies revealed that GNPs robustly activated γδT cells,promoting an inflammatory microenvironment within *** approach of using garlic-derived nanoparticles offers the advantages of simplicity in preparation and high yield,presenting a promising avenue for tumor therapy with potential for clinical translation.

关键词： garlic-derived nanoparticles γδT cells tumor microenvironment antitumor effects

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The effects of solute and deformation on the mobility of screw dislocation cores in bcc molybdenum

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MOdELLING ANd SIMULATION IN MATErIALS SCIENCE ANd ENGINEErING 2025年第3期33卷 035007-035007页

作者： Zhou, Kangzhi Feng, Jiajun Liu, Ziran deng, Huiqiu Jia, Lixia He, Xinfu Hunan Normal Univ Key Lab Low Dimens Quantum Struct & Quantum Contro Key Lab Matter Microstruct & Funct Hunan Prov Minist EducDept Phys Changsha 410081 Hunan Peoples R China Hunan Normal Univ Inst Interdisciplinary Studies Changsha 410081 Hunan Peoples R China Hunan Univ Sch Phys & Elect Hunan Prov Key Lab High Energy Scale Phys & Applic Changsha 410082 Peoples R China China Inst Atom Energy Div Reactor Engn Technol Res Beijing 102413 Peoples R China

In body-centered cubic metals such as molybdenum, screw dislocations critically govern the plastic deformation behavior of alloys. The presence of solute atoms in alloys can effectively alter the formation and movement of screw dislocations. In this study, we employed first-principles calculations to delve into the electronic origins of these influences. Initially, we constructed single atomic column and triple atomic column models to simulate the formation of screw dislocations with solute atoms. Our investigation revealed that tantalum (Ta) and tungsten (W) increase the formation energy of solute-dislocation interactions, while osmium (Os), iridium (Ir), and platinum (Pt) have the opposite effect. Subsequently, utilizing a screw dislocation dipole model under shear deformation, we explored the combined effects of solute atoms and deformation on dislocation core movement. We found that Os, Ir, and Pt, located as the first nearest neighbors of the dislocation core, exhibit an attractive effect on the dislocation core. Solute atoms at specific positions can alter the direction of dislocation slip, inducing cross-slip and enhancing material ductility. In contrast, under the same stress, Ta and W exhibit repulsion towards the dislocation core and cannot change the direction of dislocation slip, only altering the energy barrier for dislocation core movement. This work provides atomic-scale insights into solute-induced dislocation dynamics, offering guidelines for advanced Mo alloy design.

关键词： screw dislocation molybdenum first-principles calculations

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