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现代药物与临床 1993年第4期8卷 179页

作者：胡玲刘昌孝

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Inhibition of gastric emptying by triterpene saponin, momordin Ic, in mice: Roles of blood glucose, capsaicin-sensitive sensory nerves, and central nervous system

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JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS 1999年第2期289卷 729-734页

作者： Matsuda, H Li, Y Yamahara, J Yoshikawa, M Kyoto Pharmaceut Univ Yamashima Ku Kyoto 6078414 Japan

The roles of capsaicin-sensitive sensory nerves and the central nervous system in the inhibitory effect of momordin Ic, a principal saponin constituent in various Chinese and Japanese herbal medicines, such as the fruit of Kochia scoparia (L) SCHRAD., on gastric emptying were investigated in nonnutrient meal- or nutrient meal-loaded mice. Momordin Ic (12.5-50 mg/kg) significantly inhibited gastric emptying in 1.5% carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt test meal-loaded mice by 8.4%-60.6%, 40% glucose test meal-loaded mice by 42.8% (50 mg/kg), milk test meal-loaded mice by 36.4% (50 mg/kg), and 60% ethanol test meal-loaded mice by 37.2% (50 mg/kg). The inhibitory effect on the gastric emptying in 1.5% carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt test meal-loaded mice was potentiated by glucose (2 g/kg, i.v. or 5 g/kg, i.p.), but markedly attenuated by pretreatment with alloxan (50 mg/kg, i.v.) and streptozotocin (100 mg/kg, i.v.), in which the activity of sympathetic nervous system was decreased, or by insulin (1 or 3 U/kg, s.c.). The effect of insulin (1 U/kg) was markedly reduced by glucose (2 g/kg, i.v.), which can directly nourish the brain, but not by fructose (2 g/kg, i.v.), which cannot be used by the brain. The effect of momordin Ic was also attenuated by pretreatment with capsaicin (75 mg/kg in total, s.c.). These results suggest that the inhibition of gastric emptying by momordin Ic is relative to serum glucose and, at least in part, mediated by capsaicin-sensitive sensory nerves and the central nervous system.

关键词：血糖/代谢辣椒辣素/药理学中枢神经系统/药物作用抑制化学性糖尿病实验性/代谢糖尿病实验性/病理生理学膳食胃排空/药物作用降血糖药/化学降血糖药/药理学神经元传入/药物作用齐墩果酸/类似物和衍生物齐墩果酸/化学齐墩果酸/药理学交感神经系统/药物作用动物男(雄)性小鼠

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Analysis of chlorpyrifos exposure and human health: Expert panel report

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JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART B-CRITICAL REVIEWS 1999年第4期2卷 301-324页

作者： Albers, JW Cole, P Greenberg, RS Mandel, JS Monson, RR Ross, JH Snodgrass, WR Spurgeon, A van Gemert, M Van Gemert & Hauswirth LLC Charlotte Hall MD 20622 USA Univ Michigan Sch Med Dept Neurol Ann Arbor MI USA Univ Michigan Sch Publ Hlth Dept Environm & Ind Hlth Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Univ Alabama Birmingham Sch Publ Hlth Dept Epidemiol Birmingham AL 35294 USA Med Univ S Carolina Charleston SC USA Univ Minnesota Sch Publ Hlth Div Environm & Occupat Hlth Minneapolis MN USA Harvard Sch Publ Hlth Dept Epidemiol Boston MA USA State Calif Worker Hlth & Safety Branch Dept Pesticide Regulat Sacramento CA USA Univ Texas Dept Pediat Galveston TX USA Univ Texas Dept Pharmacol Toxicol Galveston TX USA Univ Texas Texas Poison Ctr Galveston TX USA Univ Birmingham Inst Occupat Hlth Birmingham B15 2TT W Midlands England

This report summarizes the deliberations of an eight-member panel of scientists convened by Dow AgroSciences in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), The panel was charged with evaluating the scientific literature on the health effects potentially associated with exposure to the insecticide chlorpyrifos. Specifically, the panel was asked to (1) evaluate human experience data available and address the adequacy of the available current literature;(2) develop a list of recommendations for epidemiology studies, including appropriate endpoints and study populations, and strengths and weaknesses of each approach;and (3) draft a report to summarize its recommendations. The panel assessed the quality of the existing epidemiologic literature on chlorpyrifos and specific outcomes such as neuropathy (including organophosphate induced delayed neurotoxicity), behavior (cognition and affect), immunologic, and multiple complaints (also referred to as multiple chemical sensitivities). The majority of panel members (five members) agreed that the literature reviewed provided little or no scientific evidence that chlorpyrifos exposure causes harm to human health other than its known cholinergic effects associated with acute poisoning. Those panel members voting in the minority (three members) agreed that the studies reviewed provided inadequate evidence to preclude the possibility of adverse effects to human health from chlorpyrifos exposure at levels associated with its manufacture or professional application. Those voting in the minority suggested further investigation of cohort(s) of workers engaged in either the manufacture or the professional application of chlorpyrifos, or both. Compared to the general population, these groups have relatively high levels of exposure to chlorpyrifos. The primary health outcomes recommended for study were cognitive and affective disorders, with consideration of the assessment of peripheral neuropathy also suggested for a

关键词：农业工人疾病/化学诱导中枢神经系统/药物作用毒死蜱/药代动力学毒死蜱/毒性杀虫药/药代动力学杀虫药/毒性动物人类

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小鼠中枢神经系统处于药物抑制状态时对诱发IFN-α的影响

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第二军医大学学报 1992年第1期13卷 57页

作者：陈景山第二军医大学训练部

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一种龙胆科植物的提取物对中枢神经系统的作用

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现代药物与临床 1995年第5期10卷 223页

作者：高连用

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Oxidative injury in diseases of the central nervous system:: Focus on Alzheimer's disease

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 2000年第7期109卷 577-585页

作者： Praticò, D Delanty, N Beaumont Hosp Royal Coll Surg Ireland Dept Clin Neurol Sci Dublin 9 Ireland Univ Penn Dept Pharmacol Philadelphia PA 19104 USA Univ Penn Ctr Expt Therapeut Philadelphia PA 19104 USA Beaumont Hosp Div Neurol Dublin 9 Ireland

Alzheimer's disease is one of the most challenging brain disorders and has profound medical and social consequences. It affects approximately 15 million persons worldwide, and many more family members and care givers are touched by the disease. The initiating molecular event(s) is not known, and its pathophysiology is highly complex. However, free radical injury appears to be a fundamental process contributing to the neuronal death seen in the disorder, and this hypothesis is supported by many (although not all) studies using surrogate markers of oxidative damage. In vitro and animal studies suggest that various compounds with antioxidant ability can attenuate the oxidative stress induced by beta-amyloid. Recently, clinical trials have demonstrated potential benefits from treatment with the antioxidants, vitamin E, selegiline, extract of Gingko biloba, and idebenone. Further studies are warranted to confirm these findings and explore the optimum timing and antioxidant combination of such treatments in this therapeutically frustrating disease. Am J Med. 2000;109:577-585. (C) 2000 by Excerpta Medica, Inc.

关键词：阿尔茨海默病/药物疗法阿尔茨海默病/代谢淀粉样β蛋白/代谢动物基因修饰抗氧化剂/治疗应用抗坏血酸/治疗应用苯醌类/治疗应用中枢神经系统/药物作用中枢神经系统/代谢中枢神经系统疾病/药物疗法中枢神经系统疾病/代谢药物疗法联合自由基/代谢银杏/治疗应用脂质过氧化作用/药物作用神经保护药/治疗应用氧化还原/药物作用植物药疗法植物药用司立吉林/治疗应用维生素E/治疗应用动物人类

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喹诺酮类药物中枢神经系统不良反应8例分析

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中国误诊学杂志 2009年第31期9卷 7764-7764页

作者：陈长秋张海霞河南省焦作市马村区人民医院内科 454171 河南焦作煤业集团中央医院内科 454100

喹诺酮类药物临床应用广泛,胃肠道不良反应常见,中枢神经系统不良反应较少报道,现就临床遇到的8例分析如下.1.河南省焦作市马村区人民医院内科454171;2.河南焦作煤

关键词：喹诺酮类/药理学中枢神经系统/药物作用人类

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KETAMINE ANESTHESIA

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ANNUAL REVIEW OF MEDICINE 1975年第1期26卷 137-141页

作者： LANNING, CF HARMEL, MH DUKE UNIV MED CTRDEPT ANESTHESIOLDURHAMNC 27710

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Effect of selenium deficiency on the development of central nervous system lesions in murine listeriosis

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JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PATHOLOGY 2000年第2-3期123卷 104-109页

作者： Altimira, J Prats, N López, S Domingo, M Briones, V Domínguez, L Marco, A Univ Autonoma Barcelona Fac Vet Dept Patol & Prod Anim Histol & Anat Patol E-08193 Barcelona Spain Univ Complutense Madrid Fac Vet Dept Patol Anim 1 E-28040 Madrid Spain

The effect of selenium (Se) deficiency, produced by feeding a Se-deficient diet, on the development of central nervous system (CNS) lesions was studied in mice infected with Listeria monocytogenes, administered in drinking water for 1 or 7 days in a daily dose of 10(9) organisms, or for 7 days in a daily dose of 10(7). Se-deficient mice differed from Se-normal controls in developing CNS lesions significantly more frequently. Moreover, regardless of Se status, mice receiving repeated doses of 10(9) organisms difficult from those receiving a single 10(9) dose in showing CNS lesions at least twice as often. The majority of animals with CNS lesions showed an inflammatory pattern of rhombencephalitis (17/24), while only two of 24 showed choroiditis-ventriculitis-meningitis;five of 24 animals showed both inflammatory patients. Listeria monocytogenes antigen was identified within the areas of inflammation by an immunoperoxidase technique. Neuritis of the trigeminal nerve was present in eight animals. The relative lack of pathological changes in the liver and spleen validates this murine model for the study of CNS listeriosis. (C) 2000 Harcourt Publishers Ltd.

关键词：抗原细菌/分析中枢神经系统/药物作用中枢神经系统/微生物学中枢神经系统/病理学集落计数微生物剂量效应关系药物免疫组织化学利斯特菌感染/微生物学利斯特菌感染/病理学利斯特菌单核细胞增生/细胞学利斯特菌单核细胞增生/免疫学肝/药物作用肝/代谢肝/微生物学硒/投药和剂量硒/缺乏动物小鼠

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ETHANOL, SEROTONIN METABOLISM, AND BODY-TEMPERATURE

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ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 1976年第MAY28期273卷 247-255页

作者： RITZMANN, RF TABAKOFF, B UNIV ILLINOIS MED CTRDEPT PHYSIOLCHICAGOIL 60680

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