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A pilot study of protein sparing in healthy dogs using peripheral parenteral nutrition

RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE 2000年第1期69卷 47-52页

作者： Chandler, ML Guilford, WG Maxwell, A Barter, L Massey Univ Inst Vet Anim & Biomed Sci Palmerston North New Zealand Univ London Dept Vet Basic Sci London NW1 0TU England

Total parenteral nutrition is the standard nutritional support of dogs when the enteral route is contraindicated, but it can be difficult because of cost, technical difficulties, and potential complications. Peripheral parenteral nutrition (PPN) may be a feasible option for short-term support in some cases. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of PPN On nitrogen balance las an indicator of the effect on protein sparing), serum folate concentrations and serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I concentrations in fasting dugs. The effect of PPN On these parameters has not previously been reported in dogs. Using a cross-over design, three healthy adult fasting dogs were randomly assigned to three treatments: 5 per cent amino acid solution, 5 per cent glucose solution, and a control electrolyte solution. The solutions were administered into a peripheral vein at 60 mi kg(-1) per day for 4 days. The amino acid infusion resulted in a positive nitrogen balance and the glucose infusion produced less nitrogen loss than the control. Amino acid, but not glucose or electrolyte infusions, decreased serum folate concentrations. Amino acid and glucose infusions resulted in higher serum IGF-I concentrations than electrolyte infusions, although the differences were small and ICF-I decreased in all cases. In conclusion, these findings suggest that PPN increases nitrogen balance in healthy dogs undergoing short-term fasting. (C) 2000 Harcourt Publishers Ltd.

关键词：氨基酸类/投药和剂量血液化学分析/兽医学导管插入术外周/兽医学交叉研究狗/代谢狗/生理学电解质/投药和剂量叶酸/血液食品剥夺/生理学葡萄糖/投药和剂量胰岛素样生长因子Ⅰ/分析等渗溶液/投药和剂量氮/尿营养状况/生理学胃肠外营养/兽医学试点项目蛋白质类/代谢随机分配尿分析/兽医学动物女(雌)性男(雄)性

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Anesthetic formulation of tumescent solutions

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DERMATOLOGIC CLINICS 1999年第4期17卷 751-+页

作者： Klein, JA San Juan Capistrano CA 92675 30280 Rancho Viejo Road United States

There is no standard or official recipe for the tumescent anesthetic solutions. The actual concentrations of lidocaine and epinephrine should depend on the areas to be treated and clinical situation. This article discusses the safe usage of tumescent solutions and the proper procedures and precautions to take when mixing these solutions.

关键词：麻醉药局部/投药和剂量麻醉药局部/副作用麻醉药局部/化学化学药物药物相互作用肾上腺素/投药和剂量肾上腺素/副作用肾上腺素/化学等渗溶液/投药和剂量利多卡因/投药和剂量利多卡因/副作用利多卡因/化学脂肪切除术/方法安全钠/代谢氯化钠/投药和剂量时间因素血管收缩药/投药和剂量血管收缩药/副作用血管收缩药/化学水电解质平衡人类

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Effect of irrigating solution and irrigation temperature on the cornea and pupil during phacoemulsification

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JOURNAL OF CATARACT AND REFRACTIVE SURGERY 2000年第3期26卷 392-397页

作者： Joussen, AM Barth, U Çubuk, H Koch, HR Aachen Tech Univ Rhein Westfal TH Aachen Dept Ophthalmol D-52057 Aachen Germany Klin Dardenne Bonn Germany

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of irrigation solution and temperature on pupil diameter, corneal endothelium, and corneal pachymetry during and after phacoemulsification. Setting: Klinik Dardenne, Bonn, Germany. Methods: Eighty patients who had cataract surgery by phacoemulsification were assigned to 1 of 4 cross-classified groups and had intraoperative irrigation with room-temperature or refrigerated fortified balanced salt solution (BSS Plus(R)) or modified Ringer's solution. Pupil diameters were recorded at different stages during the surgery. Epithelial cell counts and pachymetry were determined before and 1 day after surgery. Results: The solution temperature did not affect any parameter. The type of solution did not influence endothelial cell loss: however, the solution had a significant effect on corneal pachymetry 1 day postoperatively. The corneas irrigated with BSS Plus were less swollen than the corneas irrigated with Ringer's solution. By day 14, corneal thickness was equal among ail groups. Conclusion: Long-term results were equally favorable in all 4 groups. However BSS Plus induced less short-term corneal swelling than Ringer's solution. From these findings, it appears that BSS Plus may decrease corneal risk in cases with compromised corneas or prolonged surgery. J Cataract Refract Surg 2000;26:392-397.

关键词：碳酸氢盐类/投药和剂量细胞计数冷温度角膜疾病/预防和控制角膜基质/细胞学角膜基质/药物作用复方合剂内皮角膜/细胞学内皮角膜/药物作用谷胱甘肽/投药和剂量手术期间等渗溶液/投药和剂量晶体植入眼内眼药水超声乳化白内障吸除术手术后并发症/预防和控制瞳孔/药物作用安全灌洗疗法治疗结果成年人老年人老年人 80以上女(雌)性人类男(雄)性中年人

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Does preservative-free lignocaine 1% for hydrodissection reduce pain during phacoemulsification?

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JOURNAL OF CATARACT AND REFRACTIVE SURGERY 2000年第5期26卷 733-735页

作者： Tan, JHY Burton, RL W Norwich Hosp Dept Ophthalmol Norwich Norfolk England

Purpose: To compare preservative-free 1% lignocaine with balanced salt solution (BSS(R)) in alleviating pain during hydrodissection in phacoemulsification cataract surgery. Setting: West Norwich Hospital, Norfolk, United Kingdom. Methods: This prospective double-masked trial comprised 68 patients having a day-case phacoemulsification cataract surgery. Patients were randomly divided into 2 groups, receiving either BSS or lignocaine 1% solution for hydrodissection during routine uneventful phacoemulsification using topical anesthesia. The level of intraoperative pain was scored on a scale of 0 (no pain) to 10 (severe pain), and the scores between the 2 groups were compared. Results: Of the 68 patients, 33 (49%) received BSS and 35 (51%), lignocaine 1% solution. A pain score greater than 2 was considered clinically significant;28 patients (85%) in the BSS group and 25 (71%) in the lignocaine 1% group scored 2 or less. The chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests found no significant difference between the BSS and lignocaine 1% groups (P = .30 and P = .432, respectively). Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the pain scores in patients who received BSS or lignocaine 1% solution. Thus, we conclude that hydrodissecting with lignocaine 1% solution does not provide added pain relief during phacoemulsification. J Cataract Refract Surg 2000;26:733-735 (C) 2000 ASCRS and ESCRS.

关键词：麻醉局部/方法麻醉药局部/投药和剂量麻醉药局部/治疗应用双盲法等渗溶液/投药和剂量等渗溶液/治疗应用利多卡因/投药和剂量利多卡因/治疗应用眼药水/投药和剂量眼药水/治疗应用疼痛/药物疗法疼痛测定姑息疗法超声乳化白内障吸除术防腐剂药物前瞻性研究人类

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Effect of cooled intraocular irrigating solution on the blood-aqueous barrier after cataract surgery

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JOURNAL OF CATARACT AND REFRACTIVE SURGERY 1999年第4期25卷 566-568页

作者： Findl, O Amon, M Kruger, A Petternel, V Schauersberger, J Univ Vienna AKH Wien Klin Augenheilkunde & Optometrie Dept Ophthalmol A-1090 Vienna Austria

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of cooled intraocular irrigating solution during phacoemulsification on postoperative blood-aqueous barrier (BAB) disturbance. Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Vienna, Austria, Methods: In a prospective, randomized clinical study, 40 eyes with senile cataract had phacoemulsification with irrigating solutions cooled to approximately 10 degrees C (n = 20) or at room temperature (n = 20). Surgical procedure and postoperative therapy were otherwise identical in both groups. Postoperative BAB disturbance was assessed with the laser flare-cell meter on days 1, 3, 7, 14, and 28. Results: Anterior chamber flare was significantly lower in the group with cooled irrigating solution on postoperative day 1. There was no significant between-group difference in flare on any other postoperative day. Conclusion: Cooled intraocular irrigating solution reduced immediate postoperative inflammation compared with irrigating solution at room temperature. However, this effect was of short duration.