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A Flexible Piezoelectret actuator/sensor Patch for Mechanical Human-Machine Interfaces

ACS NANO 2019年第6期13卷 7107-7116页

作者： Zhong, Junwen Ma, Yuan Song, Yu Zhong, Qize Chu, Yao Karakurt, Ilbey Bogy, David B. Lin, Liwei Univ Calif Berkeley Mech Engn Dept Berkeley CA 94720 USA Chinese Acad Sci Inst Elect State Key Lab Transducer Technol Beijing 100190 Peoples R China Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Inst Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China Nanyang Technol Univ TL Singapore 637553 Singapore

Flexible and wearable devices with the capabilities of both detecting and generating mechanical stimulations are critical for applications in human-machine interfaces, such as augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR). Herein, a flexible patch based on a sandwiched piezoelectret structure is demonstrated to have a high equivalent piezoelectric coefficient of d(33) at 4050 pC/N to selectively perform either the actuating or sensing function. As an actuator, mechanical vibrations with a peak output force of more than 20 mN have been produced, similar to those from the vibration mode of a modern cell phone, and can be easily sensed by human skin. As a sensor, both the pressure detection limit of 1.84 Pa for sensing resolution and excellent stability of less than 1% variations in 6000 cycles have been achieved. The design principle together with the sensing and driving characteristics can be further developed and extended to other soft matters and flexible devices.

关键词： human interactivity wearable electronics actuator/sensor dual-functional piezoelectret

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Optimization of actuator/sensor position of multi-body system with quick startup and brake

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Journal of Central South University of Technology 2007年第6期14卷 803-807页

作者：唐华平唐春喜殷陈锋 School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Central South University

A new method was put forward to optimize the position of actuator/sensor of multi-body system with quick startup and brake. Dynamical equation was established for the system with intelligent structure of piezoelectric actuators. According to the property of the modes varying with time, the performance index function was developed based on the optimal configuration principle of energy maximal dissipation, and the relevant optimal model was obtained. According to its characteristic, a float-encoding genetic algorithm, which is efficient, simple and excellent for solving the global-optimal solution of this problem, was adopted. Taking the plane manipulator as an example, the result of numerical calculation shows that, after the actuator/sensor position being optimized, the vibration amplitude of the multi-body system is reduced by 35% compared with that without optimization.

关键词： actuator/sensor multi-body system active control optimization genetic algorithm

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Optimization of second order spatially distributed systems with multiple interconnected actuator/sensor pairs

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2016年第18期49卷 476-481页

作者： Demetriou, Michael A. Fahroo, Fariba Aerospace Engineering Program Mechanical Engineering Department Worcester Polytechnic Institute WorcesterMA01609 United States Department of Applied Mathematics Naval Postgraduate School MontereyCA93943 United States

This work considers the economic aspects in control implementation of second order spatially distributed systems. By opting to use multiple actuator/sensor pairs with limited capacity, instead of a single actuator/sensor pair with higher price and larger capacity, this work provides a first view into the economic, computational and communication aspects. Considering a large number of actuator/sensor pairs and the a priori defined controller architecture of static output feedback along with the collocation assumption of the actuators and sensors, the resulting closed-loop system is expressed in terms of a static output feedback gain matrix that defines the communication amongst the actuator/sensor pairs. The design problem is then to find the values of the static feedback gain matrix in order to optimize a performance measure. Using the energy of the second order infinite dimensional system as the performance measure, the resulting optimization is expressed in terms of the solution to a parameterized operator Lyapunov equation. Simulation studies of the wave PDE in one spatial dimension for different communication topologies, reveal the effects of communication on the performance of the closed loop system. © 2016

关键词： actuators Closed loop systems Feedback control Lyapunov functions Spatial distribution actuator/sensor Communication topologies Controller architectures Distributed parameter systems Infinite dimensional system Second order systemss Spatially distributed system Static output feedback

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Multifunctional SMA-based smart inhaler system for improved aerosol drug delivery - Design and fabrication

Multifunctional SMA-based smart inhaler system for improved ...

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Conference on Active and Passive Smart Structures and Integrated Systems

作者： Pausley, Matthew E. Seelecke, Stefan N Carolina State Univ Raleigh NC 27695 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819471147

This paper documents the development of a prototype smart aerosol drug inhaler system using shape memory alloy (SMA) actuators. Unlike conventional dispersed-release inhalers, the smart inhaler system releases the aerosol drug in a very small area within the mouth inlet. Kleinstreuer and Zhang [1] have found that controlled release in the mouth inlet increases drug efficiency and allows targeting of specific sites within the lung. The methodology has been validated numerically and experimentally using fixed-exit position inhalers. The design presented in this work, however, allows for variation of nozzle exit position using SMA wire actuators in a combined actuator/sensor role. In contrast to other possible mechanisms, SMA wires are lightweight, require low power, and are the least obstructive to the flow of air through the inhaler. The dual actuator/sensor nature of the SMA wires (via resistance measurement) further simplifies the design. Solutions and insights into several SMA actuator design challenges are presented. SMA wire actuator characteristics such as achievable stroke and their effect on the design are highlighted. Consideration of actuator force requirements and the capabilities of SMA wires and studied. The problems posed by the thermal characteristics of SMA wires and innovative solutions are reported.

关键词： shape memory alloy aerosol drug delivery inhaler actuator actuator/sensor

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Simultaneous Optimization of Orientations and Locations of actuators and sensors for Morphing Structural Shapes

Simultaneous Optimization of Orientations and Locations of A...

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2nd International Conference on Uncertainty Reasoning and Knowledge Engineering (URKE)

作者： Yang, Jingyu Chen, Guoping Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut State Key Lab Mech & Control Mech Struct Nanjing Jiangsu Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781467314602

Optimal design of the orientations and locations of collocated piezoelectric actuators/sensors pairs for a plate-like structure under bending load uncertainty are determined with the objective of minimizing the deformation and electrical input under any sort of loading. The bending moments generated by the piezoelectric actuator actuators are used for deformation control, i.e., to minimize the deformation. The plate-like structure is subjected to an arbitrary load which lies in an uncertainty domain with regard to its magnitude and direction. The uncertain loading studied in the present paper involves a load of unknown magnitude and direction, which should be determined to produce the arbitrary deformation. Two optimization variables are considered for each piezoelectric actuator/sensor device: the location of its center and its orientation. An optimal control algorithm and three types of artificial intelligence algorithms (PSOOOL algorithm-particle swarm optimization algorithm for optimization of orientations and locations of actuators;SAOOL algorithm-Simulated Annealing algorithm for optimization of orientations and locations of actuators;EMOOL algorithm-Electromagnetism-like Method for optimization of orientations and locations of actuators;optimal control algorithm) are presented for the determination of the orientation and location of piezoelectric actuators/sensors in the application to shape control of plate-like structures. Numerical results show that simultaneous optimization of both orientations and locations can lead to optimum configurations that consume less electrical energy and minimizing the deflection. SAOOL algorithm can handle the optimization of orientations and locations of actuators/sensors better than PSOOOL algorithm and EMOOL algorithm. The different algorithms exhibit similar performance. However, exhaustive EMOOL algorithm and PSOOOL algorithm require significantly higher computational effort.

关键词： actuator/sensor orientations and locations artificial intelligence algorithms optimization

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BATMAV: a 2-DOF bio-inspired flapping flight platform

BATMAV: a 2-DOF bio-inspired flapping flight platform

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Conference on Active and Passive Smart Structures and Integrated Systems

作者： Bunget, Gheorghe Seelecke, Stefan NC State Univ Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn Raleigh NC 27695 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819480583

Due to the availability of small sensors, Micro-Aerial Vehicles (MAVs) can be used for detection missions of biological, chemical and nuclear agents. Traditionally these devices used fixed or rotary wings, actuated with electric DC motortransmission, a system which brings the disadvantage of a heavier platform. The overall objective of the BATMAV project is to develop a biologically inspired bat-like MAV with flexible and foldable wings for flapping flight. This paper presents a flight platform that features bat-inspired wings which are able to actively fold their elbow joints. A previous analysis of the flight physics for small birds, bats and large insects, revealed that the mammalian flight anatomy represents a suitable flight platform that can be actuated efficiently using Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) artificial-muscles. A previous study of the flight styles in bats based on the data collected by Norberg [1] helped to identify the required joint angles as relevant degrees of freedom for wing actuation. Using the engineering theory of robotic manipulators, engineering kinematic models of wings with 2 and 3-DOFs were designed to mimic the wing trajectories of the natural flier Plecotus auritus. Solid models of the bat-like skeleton were designed based on the linear and angular dimensions resulted from the kinematic models. This structure of the flight platform was fabricated using rapid prototyping technologies and assembled to form a desktop prototype with 2-DOFs wings. Preliminary flapping test showed suitable trajectories for wrist and wingtip that mimic the flapping cycle of the natural flyer.

关键词： micro air vehicle bio-inspired flapping flight folding wings shape memory alloy elastic joints actuator actuator/sensor

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Optimal Orientations And Locations Of actuators And sensors For Structural Shape Control, Using Intelligent Algorithms

Optimal Orientations And Locations Of Actuators And Sensors ...

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5th International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation (ICMTMA)

作者： Yang, Jingyu Chen, Guoping Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut State Key Lab Mech & Control Mech Struct Nanjing 210016 Jiangsu Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769549323;9781467356527

Optimal design of the orientations and locations of collocated piezoelectric actuators/sensors pairs for a plate-like structure under bending load uncertainty are determined with the objective of minimizing the deflection and electrical input under any sort of loading. The bending moments generated by the piezoelectric actuator actuators are used for deflection control, i.e., to minimize the deflection. The plate-like structure is subjected to an arbitrary load which lies in an uncertainty domain with regard to its magnitude and direction. The uncertain loading studied in the present paper involves a load of unknown magnitude and direction, which should be determined to produce the arbitrary deflection. Two optimization variables are considered for each piezoelectric actuator/sensor device: the location of its center and its orientation. An optimal control algorithm and three types of artificial intelligence algorithms (AISOOL algorithm-Artificial Immune Systems for optimization of orientations and locations of actuators;ACOPSOOOL algorithm-ACO and PSO for optimization of orientations and locations of actuators;HTOOL algorithm-Hopfield-Tank for optimization of orientations and locations of actuators;optimal control algorithm) are presented for the determination of the orientation and location of piezoelectric actuators/sensors in the application to shape control of plate-like structures. Numerical results show that simultaneous optimization of both orientations and locations can lead to optimum configurations that consume less electrical energy and minimizing the deflection. AISOOL algorithm can handle the optimization of orientations and locations of actuators/sensors better than ACOPSOOOL algorithm and HTOOL algorithm. The different algorithms exhibit similar performance. However, exhaustive ACOPSOOOL algorithm and HTOOL algorithm require significantly higher computational effort.

关键词： actuator/sensor Orientations and Locations Artificial Intelligence Algorithms Optimization

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