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Realization of nitrite accumulation in an autotrophic-heterotrophic denitrification system using different S/N/c ratios coupled with ANAMMOX to achieve nitrogen removal

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JOURNAL OF cHEMIcAL TEcHNOLOGY AND BIOTEcHNOLOGY 2023年第1期98卷 269-281页

作者： Ma, Jiao Liu, Hong Dang, Hongzhong Wu, Xinbo Yan, Yuan Zeng, Tianxu Li, Weiwei chen, Yongzhi Lanzhou Jiaotong Univ Sch Environm & Municipal Engn Lanzhou 730070 Peoples R China Tech Ctr Sewage Treatment Ind Gansu Lanzhou Peoples R China Key Lab Yellow River Water Environm Gansu Prov Lanzhou Peoples R China

BAcKGROUND Nitrogen and sulfur pollutants have become an urgent problem in surface and groundwater. Short-cut denitrification coupled with anaerobic ammonia oxidation (ANAMMOX) is an economical and efficient biological nitrogen removal process. However, single heterotrophic denitrification and autotrophic denitrification face the problems of high treatment cost and high secondary sulfate pollution, respectively. Moreover, in real environments, single nutrient conditions are less common. Therefore, this work aims to study the process of mixotrophic short-cut denitrification coupled with ANAMMOX to achieve simultaneous nitrogen and sulfur removal. RESULTS Mixotrophic short-cut denitrification was successfully initiated on day 20, while the nitrite accumulation rate (NAR) was 81.47%. The optimal performance of the mixotrophic denitrification system was achieved when the ratio of sulfur to nitrogen to carbon (S/N/c) was 3/4/9, with S2--S, NO3--N, and cOD removal reaching 100%, 94.48%, and 95.48%, respectively, with a NAR of 94.24% and only 11.73 mg L-1 of SO42--S production. Modified Boltzmann and Gompertz models were found to be suitable to describe the removal of NO3--N, with both models exhibiting good data fitting (R-2 > 0.99). In addition, no distinctly dominant genus was found in the mixotrophic denitrification systems. Autotrophic, heterotrophic, and facultative denitrifying bacteria (such as Thiobacillus Pseudomonas and Halomonas) were found to coexist and synergistically perform denitrification. cONcLUSION Mixotrophic short-cut denitrification can achieve the efficient accumulation of NO2--N and reduce the amount of SO42--S production at the same time. Mixotrophic short-cut denitrification coupled with ANAMMOX can deeply remove sulfide, nitrogen, and organic carbon. (c) 2022 Society of chemical Industry.

关键词： S N c nitrite kinetics mixotrophic microbial community

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In situ dispersed carbon fibre network for reinforcing a c/c composite-Tc4 alloy brazed joint

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ScIENcE AND TEcHNOLOGY OF WELDING AND JOINING 2023年第3期28卷 235-241页

作者： Wang, Zeyu Ju, Zhenjiang Butt, Hassaan Li, Guokun Zhao, Tianmou Mo, Zhao Li, Manni Wang, Zhijie Jiangsu Univ Sch Mat Sci & Engn Zhenjiang Peoples R China Harbin Inst Technol State Key Lab Adv Welding & Joining Harbin Peoples R China Skolkovo Inst Sci & Technol Lab Nanomat Moscow Russia Jiangsu Univ Automot Engn Res Inst Zhenjiang Peoples R China Feijian Ind & Trade Co Ltd Jinhua Peoples R China Jiangsu Univ Sch Mat Sci & Engn 301 Xuefu Rd Zhenjiang 212013 Peoples R China Jiangsu Univ Automot Engn Res Inst 301 Xuefu Rd Zhenjiang 212013 Peoples R China Feijian Ind & Trade Co Ltd Peoples Republ Chin 387 Huaxia Rd Jinhua 321300 Peoples R China

In this work, a robust brazed joint of carbon fibre-reinforced carbon-based (c/c) composite and Tc4 alloy was produced by utilising a slice of c/c as an interlayer. The c/c slice interlayer caused microstructural and mechanical property enhancement. During brazing, massive in situ formed carbon fibres broke away from the c/c slice bundles and were distributed in a three-dimensional interlocked network. These unique fibres consumed excessive Ti to inhibit the formation of excess brittle Ti-cu compounds in the brazing seam. This reduced the coefficient of thermal expansion effectively, consequently relieving the high residual stress in the joint interface. The average shear strength of the joint brazed with the c/c slice interlayer reached 1.65 times higher than the directly brazed one.

关键词： Brazed joint c c composite Tc4 alloy c slice interlayer interlocked network residual stress shear strength

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Hydrophilic ZnO/c nanocomposites with superior adsorption, photocatalytic, and photo-enhanced antibacterial properties for synergistic water purification

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JOURNAL OF cOLLOID AND INTERFAcE ScIENcE 2023年第1期648卷 535-550页

作者： chen, Xiaofang chen, Yimin Zhang, Lingyu Liu, Zhihua Qiu, Enhui Liu, Qiaoling Regulacio, Michelle D. Lin, chang Yang, Da-Peng Fujian Med Univ Affiliated Hosp 1 Fuzhou Peoples R China Fujian Med Univ Affiliated Hosp 2 Quanzhou Peoples R China Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Shanghai Peoples Hosp 9 Sch Med Dept Ophthalmol Shanghai 200011 Peoples R China Univ Philippines Diliman Inst Chem Quezon City 1101 Philippines Quanzhou Normal Univ Coll Chem Engn & Mat Sci Quanzhou 362000 Peoples R China Univ Hlth & Rehabil Sci Sch Rehabil Sci & Engn Qingdao 266024 Shandong Peoples R China

Owing to the numerous potential applications of ZnO nanomaterials, the development of ZnO-based nanocomposites has become of great scientific interest in various fields. In this paper, we are reporting the fabrication of a series of ZnO/c nanocomposites through a simple "one-pot" calcination method under three different temperatures, 500 & DEG;c, 600 & DEG;c, and 700 & DEG;c, with samples labeled as ZnO/c-500, -600, and -700, respectively. All samples exhibited adsorption capabilities and photon-activated catalytic and antibacterial properties, with the ZnO/c-700 sample showing superior performance among the three. The carbonaceous material in ZnO/c is key to expanding the optical absorption range and improving the charge separation efficiency of ZnO. The remarkable adsorption property of the ZnO/c-700 sample was demonstrated using congo red dye, and is credited to its good hydrophilicity. It was also found to exhibit the most notable photocatalysis effect due to its high

关键词： Hydrophilic ZnO c Photocatalysis Antibacterial Adsorption

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In situ tensile damage characterization of c/c composites through X-ray computed tomography and digital volume correlation

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cERAMIcS INTERNATIONAL 2023年第7期49卷 10471-10480页

作者： Li, Wudi Jian, Yingjie Zhou, Xingui Wang, Honglei Natl Univ Def Technol Sci & Technol Adv Ceram Fibers & Composites Lab Changsha 410073 Peoples R China

carbon fiber reinforced carbon matrix (c/c) composites have been used in aerospace applications due to their excellent performance. Exploring their failure mechanisms is a subject of extensive research. Nowadays, to obtain information about changes in the failure processes, a technology known as in situ X-ray computed to-mography is used. In this paper, tensile loads were applied to 3D fine-woven punctured and needle-punched c/c composites perpendicular to the punctured and needle-punched directions. In situ X-ray computed tomography was employed to observe damage development, and digital volume correlation was used to assess the laboratory X-ray computed tomographs to measure local strains. Assimilation of pores is observed in c/c composites, with cracks evolving from original micro-pores. While fine-woven punctured c/c composites present an elegant linear failure, needle-punched c/c composites present a traditional non-linear failure. This difference is due to the different structures of the preforms. Furthermore, the c/c composites are weak at the sites where they are punctured or needle-punched.

关键词： X-ray computed tomography Digital volume correlation c c composite Mechanical behavior

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Hierarchical porous VN/Nc/c nanocomposites with synergistic coupling for oxygen reduction

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JOURNAL OF ELEcTROANALYTIcAL cHEMISTRY 2023年第1期932卷

作者： Fu, Yidan Han, Lina Zheng, Pengfei Xian, Xianglan Zeng, Xiaoyuan Dong, Peng Feng, Jing Zhang, Yingjie Kunming Univ Sci & Technol Sch Mat Sci & Engn Kunming 650000 Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol Sch Kunming Natl & Local Joint Engn Lab Lithium ion Batteries Kunming 650000 Peoples R China

Vanadium nitride (VN) with high theoretical specific capacity and electrical conductivity is promising for application in Zn-air batteries. However, the agglomeration phenomenon during the synthesis of VN nanopar-ticles resulted in poor catalytic activity. Therefore, a highly efficient and durable ORR catalyst that vanadium nitride nanoparticles supported on nitrogen-doped carbon (VN/Nc/c) was prepared by a self-assembly. Benefiting from the synergistic effect of VN and Nc as well as its large specific surface area, porous structure, abundant pyridine N and graphitic N, the VN/Nc/c nanocomposites exhibits excellent catalytic activity with Eonset of 0.87 V, a limiting current density of 4.05 mA center dot cm-2, and good stability. The experimental results and DFT calculations show that benefiting from the synergistic effect of Nc and VN, the free energies of the reaction intermediates are optimized to significantly accelerate the O2 adsorption and reduce the potential of the rate-determining step. The Zn-air battery assembled with VN/Nc/c nanocomposites exhibits an open circuit poten-tial of 1.30 V, high power density of 141.82 mW center dot cm-2 and an energy density of 856.27 Wh center dot kgZn-1 . This work demonstrates the importance of the synergistic effect of Nc and VN in the development of high-performance Zn-air batteries.

关键词： Oxygen reduction reaction VN Nc c Zn-air battery N -doped carbon

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Don't Write, but Return: Replacing Output Parameters with Algebraic Data Types in c-to-Rust Translation

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PROcEEDINGS OF THE AcM ON PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES-PAcMPL 2024年第PLDI期8卷 716-740页

作者： Hong, Jaemin Ryu, Sukyoung Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol Daejeon South Korea

Translating legacy system programs from c to Rust is a promising way to enhance their reliability. To alleviate the burden of manual translation, automatic c-to-Rust translation is desirable. However, existing translators fail to generate Rust code fully utilizing Rust's language features, including algebraic data types. In this work, we focus on tuples and Option/Result types, an important subset of algebraic data types. They are used as functions' return types to represent those returning multiple values and those that may fail. Due to the absence of these types, c programs use output parameters, i.e., pointer-type parameters for producing outputs, to implement such functions. As output parameters make code less readable and more error-prone, their use is discouraged in Rust. To address this problem, this paper presents a technique for removing output parameters during c-to-Rust translation. This involves three steps: (1) syntactically translating c code to Rust using an existing translator;(2) analyzing the Rust code to extract information related to output parameters;and (3) transforming the Rust code using the analysis result. The second step poses several challenges, including the identification and classification of output parameters. To overcome these challenges, we propose a static analysis based on abstract interpretation, complemented by the notion of abstract read/write sets, which approximate the sets of read/written pointers, and two sensitivities: write set sensitivity and nullity sensitivity. Our evaluation shows that the proposed technique is (1) scalable, with the analysis and transformation of 190k LOc within 213 seconds, (2) useful, with the detection of 1,670 output parameters across 55 real-world c programs, and (3) mostly correct, with 25 out of 26 programs passing their test suites after the transformation.

关键词： Rust c Automatic Translation Output Parameter Algebraic Data Type

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Integrated Analysis of MRNA and MiRNA Expression Profiles in dys-1 Mutants of c. Elegans After Spaceflight and Simulated Microgravity

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MIcROGRAVITY ScIENcE AND TEcHNOLOGY 2023年第3期35卷 31页

作者： Jiang, Jiahong Zhao, Lei Guo, Lin Xing, Yanfang Sun, Yeqing Xu, Dan Dalian Maritime Univ Inst Environm Syst Biol Coll Environm Sci & Engn Linghai Rd 1 Dalian 116026 Peoples R China

Dystrophin-like dys-1 gene is expressed and required in muscle tissue, playing a vital role in gravisensing in caenorhabditis elegans (c. elegans). To date, microRNA (miRNA)-mediated epigenetic mechanism in microgravity-induced muscular atrophy remains to be elucidated. In the present study, we first analyzed mRNA and miRNA expression profiles in space-flown dys-1(cx18) mutants and wild type worms (wt) of c. elegans. The results showed that spaceflight and microgravity have fewer effects on mRNA and miRNA expression in dys-1 mutant than in wt worms. mRNA and miRNA expression patterns of dys-1 mutants were changed by microgravity. Hierarchical clustering analysis showed that the alterations of genes function on neuromuscular system under space environment. Seven miRNAs (cel-miR-52, 56, 81, 82, 84, 124 and 230) have 18 significant anti-correlated target genes under space environment. RT-qPcR analysis confirmed that miR-52 and cdh-3, miR-84 and lin-14, miR-124 and mgl-3 in dys-1 mutants reversely altered under microgravity environment and in simulated microgravity experiment. Locomotion ability was only reduced in F0 wt worms but not in dys-1 mutants as well as their F1 offspring after simulated microgravity. We observed expression alterations of 7 neuromuscular genes (unc-27, nlp-22, flp-1, egl-5, flp-4, mgl-3, unc-94) in F0 wt worms, which might be involved in the regulation of locomotion ability of c. elegans. This study provides important insights to reveal the mechanism in the pathogenesis of muscular atrophy induced by microgravity.

关键词： c elegans Dys-1 mutants miRNAs Microgravity neuromuscular system

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Anti-ablation performance of plasma sprayed ZrB2/Sic coatings on c/c substrates and the influence of a chemical vapor deposited Sic interlayer

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MATERIALS TODAY cOMMUNIcATIONS 2023年 36卷

作者： Gao, Zhi-ting Ma, Zhuang Liu, Qiang Zhang, Ze Wang, Yi-fan Liu, Shao-pu Liu, Ling Liu, Yan-bo Beijing Inst Technol Sch Mat Sci & Engn Beijing 100081 Peoples R China Beijing Inst Technol Chongqing Innovat Ctr Chongqing 401120 Peoples R China Northeastern Univ Sch Mat Shenyang 110819 Peoples R China

To address the industrial usage of carbon/carbon (c/c) substrates with plasma-sprayed ZrB2/Sic coatings, a continuous and dense chemical vapor deposition (cVD)-Sic interlayer of 150 & mu;m was deposited on a c/c sub-strate. The integration of cVD-Sic with the c/c substrate and plasma sprayed (PS) ZrB2/Sic coatings results in a tight interface. The Sic interlayer significantly reducing thermal stress in the optimized composites up to 1828 Mpa, a decrease of approximately 60% compared to standard composites without cVD-Sic. Ablation tests con-ducted showed that the optimized composite displayed remarkable mass ablation rate of -11.7% after ablation for 600 s, with a notable increase of -3.5% even after ablation for 1800 s. After 600 s of ablation, the exposed SiO2 layer is approximately 500 & mu;m in size. After 900 s of ablation, the exposed SiO2 layer is approximately 1500 & mu;m. After 1800 s of ablation, the SiO2 is completely evaporated, exposing the c/c matrix, at which point the coating has failed. The Sic interlayer improve the ablation resistance due to the continuous SiO2 film formed by the self-sealing and O anti-diffusive properties.

关键词： cVD-Sic interlayer Plasma spraying Ablation resistance c c substrate

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Hollow structured (Ni/c)/ZnFe2O4 composite with enhanced low-frequency microwave absorption performance

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JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIc MATERIALS 2023年第1期568卷

作者： Dai, Jing-xiong Xu, Guang-liang Southwest Univ Sci & Technol State Key Lab Environm friendly Energy Mat Mianyang 621010 Peoples R China Southwest Univ Sci & Technol Sch Mat & Chem Mianyang 621010 Peoples R China Southwest Univ Sci & Technol Analyt & Testing Ctr Mianyang 621010 Peoples R China

To enhance the low-frequency (2-10 GHz) microwave absorption performance of hollow magnetic metal-carbon composites, hollow (Ni/c)/ZnFe2O4 composite was prepared by introducing submicron ZnFe2O4 into hollow Ni/ c microspheres. With the increased addition of ZnFe2O4, the low-frequency microwave absorption performance of the composites was gradually enhanced. When the addition of ZnFe2O4 was 12 wt%, the minimum reflection loss (RL) of -38.64 dB could be obtained at 5.33 GHz and the effective absorption bandwidth was 3.45 GHz. As the ZnFe2O4 addition increased to 18 wt%, the minimum RL reached -55.39 dB at 4.26 GHz and the effective absorption bandwidth was 3.82 GHz. The enhanced low-frequency microwave absorption performance can be attributed to the introduction of ZnFe2O4 improved attenuation coefficient and optimized impedance matching of the (Ni/c)/ZnFe2O4 composite. This work provides an effective idea to improve the low-frequency microwave absorption performance of hollow magnetic metal/carbon composites, and the prepared (Ni/c)/ZnFe2O4 composite can be used for microwave absorption in the low-frequency band.

关键词： Hollow structure Ni c ZnFe2O4 Microwave absorption performance Low-frequency

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Tribological behavior and wear mechanism of c/c-Sic brake discs based on third-body layer

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED cERAMIc TEcHNOLOGY 2023年第2期20卷 1310-1326页

作者： Hui, Yang Liu, Guimin Shi, Ruidong Zhang, Yong Yan, Tao Acad Army Armored Forces Dept Equipment Maintenance & Remfg Engn Beijing 100072 Peoples R China

c/c-Sic composites are promising candidates for heavy-duty tracked vehicle brake discs. A third-body layer (TBL) can be formed on the surface of c/c-Sic self-mated brake discs, which has an important impact on tribological behavior and wear mechanism of brake discs. Herein, the formation conditions and evolution process of TBL and its effect on friction and wear properties were investigated. An appropriate braking pressure and speed (P and V) are beneficial to the cutting of asperities and refinement of wear debris on the contact surface, which are preconditions for the formation of original TBL. The original TBL can be formed under the P center dot V of 12, 15, and 16, which effectively improve braking stability and reduce the wear rate. During the continuous braking process, the original TBL undergoes growth, stabilization, destruction, and regeneration. Under the frictional heat and compressive stress, wear debris gradually evolves into a uniform and dense TBL. The average coefficient of friction and wear rate reach to the lowest value of .446 and 38.5 x 10(-3) cm(3)/MJ, respectively. A continuous high temperature in the later stages of braking leads to severe oxidative wear. The newly formed TBL covers the original surface to form a multilayered structure, indicating the TBL undergoes destruction and regeneration.

关键词： c c-Sic friction third-body layer tribological behavior wear mechanism

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