A program was developed for the control and recording of ion-channel activity in lipid bilayers and cell membranes. The software runs on a PC under DOS. Stimulation waveforms may be applied simultaneously with recordi...
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A program was developed for the control and recording of ion-channel activity in lipid bilayers and cell membranes. The software runs on a PC under DOS. Stimulation waveforms may be applied simultaneously with recording at a sample rate of 10 kHz and at 12-bit resolution. Comments may he stored with the recordings, also during timed repetitive pulse applications. The time critical parts and graphics are written in C and assembler whereas the I/O and control is written in Quick-Basic 4.5 (QB). A nested 16-level macro facility allows the use of complex protocols. Array-buffer arithmetic is supported. There is mouse support for cursor measurements and parabolic offset subtractions. DOS applications such as editing macro files may be executed without halting the program. The program runs in the QB interactive environment with the foreign language routines in a library and is open to customization. The library of drawing subroutines support up to 1024 x 768 resolution.
Industrial crystallization processes are frequently bound to the application of additives. Additives can modify the crystal morphology. computer methods allow a precise prediction of the crystal modifications induced ...
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Industrial crystallization processes are frequently bound to the application of additives. Additives can modify the crystal morphology. computer methods allow a precise prediction of the crystal modifications induced by additives. The effect of water as additive molecule on crystal morphology predictions by means of molecular dynamics (MD) is insufficiently explored. This work focuses on the prediction of the crystal habit of benzoic acid in the presence of three-site water. The selection of the temperature control algorithm - the thermostat - applied in MD simulations is highlighted for water. Significant modifications in the crystal morphology can be observed. The given data allow a decision for a certain thermostat in advance. If a fast equilibration is required, the Direct Velocity Scale thermostat should be used. However, for a precise prediction of the morphology, the Nose temperature control algorithm is recommended.
A program has been developed for the computation of standard free energy of formation (Delta G(f)(0)) of end member as well as other layer silicate clays. This program utilizes information on the chemical composition ...
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A program has been developed for the computation of standard free energy of formation (Delta G(f)(0)) of end member as well as other layer silicate clays. This program utilizes information on the chemical composition of the mineral and values of Delta G(f)(0) of other oxides, hydroxides and silicates, available in the literature to derive the required Delta G(f)(0) value. Previous studies have shown that the procedure gives a fairly accurate estimate of Delta G(f)(0) of clay minerals. This program will be useful for rapid computation of Delta G(f)(0) values. With minor modifications, it can also be used for solving non-linear regression equations of any type. It has been developed on a IBM RS/6000 workstation for X-window in C-language under UNIX environment. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
A computer program, QtUCP, has been developed based on several well-established algorithms using GCC 4.0 and Qt (R) 4.0 (Open Source Edition) under Debian GNU/Linux 4.0r0. it can determine the unit-cell parameters fro...
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A computer program, QtUCP, has been developed based on several well-established algorithms using GCC 4.0 and Qt (R) 4.0 (Open Source Edition) under Debian GNU/Linux 4.0r0. it can determine the unit-cell parameters from an electron diffraction tilt series obtained from both double-tilt and rotation-tilt holders. In this approach, two or more primitive cells of the reciprocal lattice are determined from experimental data, in the meantime, the measurement errors of the tilt angles are checked and minimized. Subsequently, the derived primitive cells are converted into the reduced form and then transformed into the reduced direct primitive cell. Finally all the patterns are indexed and the least-squares refinement is employed to obtain the optimized results of the lattice parameters. Finally, two examples are given to show the application of the program, one is based on the experiment, the other is from the simulation. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
In this paper, a model to predict the influence of fire induced restraints on the fire resistance of reinforced concrete (RC) beams is presented. The three stages, associated with the fire growth, thermal and structur...
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In this paper, a model to predict the influence of fire induced restraints on the fire resistance of reinforced concrete (RC) beams is presented. The three stages, associated with the fire growth, thermal and structural analysis, for the calculation of fire resistance of the RC beams are explained. A simplified approach to account for spalling under fire conditions is incorporated into the model. The validity of the numerical model is established by comparing the predictions from the computer program with results from full-scale fire resistance tests. The program is used to conduct two case studies to investigate the influence of both the rotational and the axial restraint on the fire response of the RC beams. Through these case studies, it is shown that the restraint, both rotational and axial, has significant influence on the fire resistance of the RC beams. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
A computer program, RUNMEAN (RUNoffMEAN), was developed for estimating toxic contaminant mean event concentrations in storm water runoff. For censored runoff concentration data, three estimation methods are used: a re...
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A computer program, RUNMEAN (RUNoffMEAN), was developed for estimating toxic contaminant mean event concentrations in storm water runoff. For censored runoff concentration data, three estimation methods are used: a replacement method, a regression method, and a modified maximum likelihood method. An input file containing the commonly required information in runoff pollution studies is in a format used in most runoff concentration databases for toxic concentrations. Other options include sub-sample selection from the given data file in six ways: location;land use;pollutant name;time;random;and all samples. Applications of the data processor have been demonstrated on available concentration data. A simple way of selecting an estimation method for runoff quality data using RUNMEAN is presented. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
This paper presents an algorithm for computing the K-terminal reliability of undirected networks, i.e. the probability that a given set of vertices in the network are connected, when edges and nodes fail independently...
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This paper presents an algorithm for computing the K-terminal reliability of undirected networks, i.e. the probability that a given set of vertices in the network are connected, when edges and nodes fail independently with known probabilities. This algorithm is based on a decomposition method introduced by Rosenthal. It consists in numbering the vertices of the graph so that the successive boundary sets are as small as possible and in evaluating the probabilities of appropriate classes of boundary sets. We show that for the all terminal reliability problem these classes are the partitions of the boundary sets and we describe them for the general problem. Our computational results are so conclusive that networks much larger than those presented before can now be treated.
This paper describes two ANSI C subroutines for the direct solution of finite time optimal control problems. Here the control variable is parameterized using a piecewise linear approximation. The resultant nonlinear p...
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This paper describes two ANSI C subroutines for the direct solution of finite time optimal control problems. Here the control variable is parameterized using a piecewise linear approximation. The resultant nonlinear programming problem (NLP) is solved using the sequential unconstrained minimization technique (SUMT) and the sequential quadratic programming (SQP) method. These methods are embedded in the computer codes dyn_sumt and dyn_sqp, respectively. Both subroutines are used to solve more than 26 optimal problems that have appeared in the literature. The paper compares the computational efficiency of both codes as well as techniques for computing the gradient of the cost function and constraints of the optimal control problem. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd.
A hierarchical approach to the problem of symbolic circuit analysis of large-scale circuits is presented in this paper, The methodology has been implemented in a computer program called SCAPP (Symbolic Circuit Analysi...
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A hierarchical approach to the problem of symbolic circuit analysis of large-scale circuits is presented in this paper, The methodology has been implemented in a computer program called SCAPP (Symbolic Circuit Analysis program with Partitioning). The method solves the problem by utilizing a hierarchical network approach and the sequence of expressions concept rather than a topological approach and the single expression idea which have dominated symbolic analysis in the past. The result is a linear growth (for real circuits) in the number of terms in the symbolic solutions for the network approach versus the exponential growth exhibited by traditional methods, The analysis methodology uses a Reduced Modified Nodal Analysis (RMNA) technique that allows the characterization of symbolic networks in terms of only a small subset of the network variables (external variables), The analysis algorithm is most efficient when network partitioning is used, Partitioning results in a reduction in the number of terms in the symbolic solutions.
Public concerns and official pressures around environmental protection as well as exhausting petroleum resources have brought about preferences in studying and applying environmental-friendly polymers instead of synth...
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Public concerns and official pressures around environmental protection as well as exhausting petroleum resources have brought about preferences in studying and applying environmental-friendly polymers instead of synthetic petroleum-based polymers. For this aim, biopolymers can have outstanding advantages in biodegradability by saving time, energy and effort spent on increasingly costs of polymeric wastes. Natural starch (being studied in this work), as one of the most abundant natural resources for polymer materials, is inexpensive and biodegradable. As starch necessarily needs for modifications and processing before being used as ideal green polymer material, it is vital to perform feature extraction and defect detection measures in structure by some method like image analysis. Fractal as a new geometry has circumstantially progressed recently in the fields of image processing, physical space-time, medical image analysis, electrochemical patterns, digital images, sounds etc. Box Count Fractal Dimension as a very important and popular part of fractal geometry can be a useful factor in feature extraction and pattern recognition. This paper presents a new method for defect detection in the structure of natural starch modification images using the fractal dimension (FD) along with mean and standard deviation of image color. This is performed via feature extraction based on artificial intelligence by MatLab R2013a for box counting algorithms. Otsu's graythresh method by MatLab R2013a is applied to binarize the images. The results of proposed methodology are illustrated as log-log curves where the fractal dimensions are recognized by curve fitting (CF) tool with more than 95% accuracy. The outputs express that starch samples' FD vary in the range from 1.636 to 1.926 among which the last is identified as non-defective polymer. Non-defective feature is of great importance for quality control measures and chemical reactivity being here highlighted as biodegradability. (C) 2
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