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INTELLIGENT STRUCTURES FOR AEROSPACE - A TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW AND ASSESSMENT

AIAA JOURNAL 1994年第8期32卷 1689-1699页

作者： CRAWLEY, EF Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139

The paper presents an overview and assessment of the technology leading to the development of intelligent structures. Intelligent structures are those which incorporate actuators and sensors that are highly integrated into the structure and have structural functionality, integrated control, signal conditioning and power amplification electronics. Intelligent structures are subsets of active structures that have highly distributed actuators and sensor systems with structural functionality, distributed control and computing architecture.

关键词： Magnetostrictive Materials Distributed Parameter System Feedback Control Fiber Optic Sensors computing architecture Sound Pressure Level Very Large Scale Integration Electrical Properties Accelerometer Trusses

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PIT: Processing-In-Transmission With Fine-Grained Data Manipulation Networks

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS 2021年第6期70卷 877-891页

作者： Zong, Pengchen Xia, Tian Zhao, Haoran Tong, Jianming Li, Zehua Zhao, Wenzhe Zheng, Nanning Ren, Pengju Xi An Jiao Tong Univ Sch Elect Sci & Engn Xian 710049 Shaanxi Peoples R China

In the domain of data parallel computation, most works focus on data flow optimization inside the PE array and favorable memory hierarchy to pursue the maximum parallelism and efficiency, while the importance of data contents has been overlooked for a long time. As we observe, for structured data, insights on the contents (i.e., their values and locations within a structured form) can greatly benefit the computation performance, as fine-grained data manipulation can be performed. In this paper, we claim that by providing a flexible and adaptive data path, an efficient architecture with capability of fine-grained data manipulation can be built. Specifically, we design SOM, a portable and highly-adaptive data transmission network, with the capability of operand sorting, non-blocking self-route ordering and multicasting. Based on SOM, we propose the processing-in-transmission architecture (PITA), which extends the traditional SIMD architecture to perform some fundamental data processing during its transmission, by embedding multiple levels of SOM networks on the data path. We evaluate the performance of PITA in two irregular computation problems. We first map the matrix inversion task onto PITA and show considerable performance gain can be achieved, resulting in 3x-20x speedup against Intel MKL, and 20x-40x against cuBLAS. Then we evaluate our PITA on sparse CNNs. The results indicate that PITA can greatly improve computation efficiency and reduce memory bandwidth pressure. We achieved 2x-9x speedup against several state-of-art accelerators on sparse CNN, where nearly 100 percent PE efficiency is maintained under high sparsity. We believe the concept of PIT is a promising computing paradigm that can enlarge the capability of traditional parallel architecture.

关键词： Sorting Switches Topology Network topology Computer architecture Sparse matrices Task analysis computing architecture transmission network irregular computation hiph-performance computing

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Cost-effective VLSI architectures and buffer size optimization for full-search block matching algorithms

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VERY LARGE SCALE INTEGRATION (VLSI) SYSTEMS 1999年第3期7卷 345-358页

作者： Yeh, YH Lee, CY Natl Chiao Tung Univ Dept Elect Engn Hsinchu 300 Taiwan

This paper presents two efficient very large scale integration (VLSI) architectures and buffer size optimization for full-search block matching algorithms. Starting from an overlapped data how of search area, both systolic- and semisystolic-array architectural solutions are derived. By means of exploiting stream memory banks, not only input/output (I/O) bandwidth can be minimized, but also processor element efficiency can be improved, In addition, the controller structure for both solutions are very straightforward, making them very suitable for VLSI implementation to meet computational requirements. Moreover, by exploring the dependency graph, we focus on the problem of reducing the internal buffer size under minimal I/O bandwidth constraint to derive guidelines on reducing redundant internal buffer as well as to achieve area-efficient VLSI architectures. Simulation results show that, for N = P = 16 (N is the reference block size and P is the search range), I/O bandwidth can be reduced by 2.4 times, while buffer size increases less than 38%. Two prototype chips for N = P = 16 have been designed and fabricated. Test results show that clock rate can be up to 90 MHz, implying that more than 87.9-K motion vectors per second can be achieved to meet real-time requirements specified in MPEG-2 MP@ML coding standard.

关键词： block matching computing architecture full search integrated circuits optimization

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An overview of the telecommunications information networking architecture

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ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING JOURNAL 1996年第3期8卷 135-141页

作者： Chapman, M Dupuy, F Nilsson, G FRANCE TELECOM CNETLAAEIABSAF-22301 LANNIONFRANCE ERICSSON TELECOM AB ELLEMTELATM BROADBANDS-12625 STOCKHOLMSWEDEN

The Telecommunications Information Networking architecture (TINA) Consortium is an international collaboration aiming at defining and validating an open architecture for telecommunication services for the broadband, multimedia, and information era. The architecture is based on distributed computing, object orientation, and other concepts and standards from the telecommunications and computing industries. This paper provides an introduction to TINA.

关键词： Multimedia communications standards distributed processing Computer networks and techniques telecommunication services broadband networks management architecture object-oriented methods interworking service specification Object-oriented programming Distributed systems software Computer communications broadband communication information networks multimedia communication network architecture object orientation legacy systems telecommunication computing distributed computing computing industry open architecture tool-set telecommunication network management TINA consortium computing architecture telecommunication standards Network management telecommunications industry service design Telecommunications Information Networking architecture service architecture information era open systems Communications computing international collaboration

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New results and measurements related to some tasks in object-oriented dynamic image coding using GNN universal chips

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS FOR VIDEO TECHNOLOGY 1997年第4期7卷 606-614页

作者： Kozek, T Wu, CW Zarandy, A Chen, H Roska, T Kunt, M Chua, LO HUNGARIAN ACAD SCI INST COMP & AUTOMATH-1111 BUDAPESTHUNGARY UNIV CALIF BERKELEY DEPT ELECT ENGN & COMP SCIBERKELEYCA 94720 SWISS FED INST TECHNOL LAUSANNESWITZERLAND

Cellular neural/nonlinear networks (CNN) are considered here for efficient Implementation of the most computationally intensive steps of dynamic image coding, Several analogic CNN algorithms are presented for the generation of binary image masks and image decomposition, Measurement results for the first CNN universal chips executing an analogic algorithm for a reconstruction operator are also presented, Based on measured execution times, the viability of the CNN implementation of efficient but computationally expensive compression algorithms such as dynamic image coding is assessed.

关键词： computing architecture image coding image segmentation morphology multimedia neural networks

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VLSI circuits implementing computational models of neocortical circuits

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JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE METHODS 2012年第1期210卷 93-109页

作者： Wijekoon, Jayawan H. B. Dudek, Piotr Univ Manchester Manchester M13 9PL Lancs England

This paper overviews the design and implementation of three neuromorphic integrated circuits developed for the COLAMN ("Novel computing architecture for Cognitive Systems based on the Laminar Microcircuitry of the Neocortex") project. The circuits are implemented in a standard 0.35 mu m CMOS technology and include spiking and bursting neuron models, and synapses with short-term (facilitating/depressing) and long-term (STDP and dopamine-modulated STDP) dynamics. They enable execution of complex nonlinear models in accelerated-time, as compared with biology, and with low power consumption. The neural dynamics are implemented using analogue circuit techniques, with digital asynchronous event-based input and output. The circuits provide configurable hardware blocks that can be used to simulate a variety of neural networks. The paper presents experimental results obtained from the fabricated devices, and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the analogue circuit approach to computational neural modelling. (C) 2012 Elsevier BM. All rights reserved.

关键词： Mixed signal VLSI Neuromorphic Silicon neuron Spiking and bursting Silicon synapse Neocortex Neural circuits computing architecture

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AN architecture AND A DATA MODEL FOR INTEGRATED MULTIMEDIA DOCUMENTS AND PRESENTATIONAL APPLICATIONS

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MULTIMEDIA SYSTEMS 1995年第5-6期3卷 238-250页

作者： KHALFALLAH, H KARMOUCH, A Department of Electrical Engineering University of Ottawa Ottawa

The new generation of multimedia documents requires novel editing capabilities and complex multimedia authoring and presentation systems. In view of the existing variety of multimedia authoring systems, the challenge arises in providing an integrated and homogeneous way to access, process, and exchange multimedia documents. In this context, a document model that facilitates the interchange of multimedia documents produced by different authoring and presentation systems is required. This model defines a structure intended for the representation of documents in terms of the organization of the information they contain and the synchronization involved in the rendering of that information. In this paper, a model for structuring multimedia documents is proposed. The model defines a computing architecture and a document architecture. The computing architecture captures the structure of the script of the document, while the document architecture captures the structure of the information contained in the document. The main contribution of the model is that it establishes the relationship between the information structure and the presentation structure of a multimedia document.

关键词： MULTIMEDIA DOCUMENT architecture computing architecture SYNCHRONIZATION INFORMATION OBJECTS PRESENTATION ACTIVITIES CLIENT-SERVER MODEL, COMMUNICATING SEQUENTIAL PROCESSES (CSP) DATA MODELS

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Routability improvement using dynamic interconnect architecture

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VERY LARGE SCALE INTEGRATION (VLSI) SYSTEMS 1998年第3期6卷 498-501页

作者： Li, JM Cheng, CK Synopsys Inc Mt View CA 94043 USA Univ Calif San Diego Dept Comp Sci & Engn La Jolla CA 92093 USA

We present a dynamic architecture for field programmable gate array (FPGA)-based computing systems with the introduction of dynamic field-programmable interconnection devices. The central principle of this new architecture is based on the concept of time-sharing, which we use to efficiently exploit the potential communication bandwidth of interconnection resources. This new architecture not only releases FPGA pin limitation to some degree, but also greatly increases the routability of interconnection networks, resulting in higher overall performance of FPGA-based systems.

关键词： computer-aided design (CAD) channel routing computing architecture field programmable gate array (FPGA) interconnection

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Parallel simulation of high-speed trains controlled by radio block centers using Spark cloud

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ADVANCES IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 2023年第7期15卷

作者： Tao, Xin Zhou, Yonghua Mei, Yiduo Fujita, Hamido Beijing Jiaotong Univ Sch Elect & Informat Engn Beijing Peoples R China Zhongguancun Smart City Co Ltd Beijing Peoples R China Iwate Prefectural Univ Fac Software & Informat Sci Iwate Japan Beijing Jiaotong Univ Sch Elect & Informat Engn Beijing 100044 Peoples R China Zhongguancun Smart City Co Ltd Beijing 100081 Peoples R China

Train movement prediction simulation is an effective method of enhancing operation safety and efficiency of railway transportation. Train movement data generated by the trains running in a railway network are huge, and on the other hand, the data quantity generated from data processing is also explosively increased for the analysis and decision such as conflict recognition and scheduling optimization, which greatly increases the time cost of prediction simulation. This paper attempts to propose a train movement model driven by the movement authorities (MAs) issued from radio block centers (RBCs) and its parallel simulation algorithm realized on Spark cloud. This paper provides a solution of iterative computing of dynamic process simulation based on cloud. Different from the general big data processing of independent datasets, the resilient distributed datasets are expandable along iterative computing processes. The Dataframe of SparkSQL modules on Apache Spark is employed to handle the problems of usage interdependency of datasets. The parallel simulation is realized by Scala language that is used to build the Spark platform. The simulation results on a high-speed railway network demonstrates that the proposed train movement model and parallel algorithm can achieve theoretical rationality and decrease the time cost to satisfy real-time performance.

关键词： Parallel iterative computing big data processing Spark cloud computing architecture modeling and simulation high-speed train movement

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Control Software: Research Directions in the Intersection of Control Theory and Software Engineering

Control Software: Research Directions in the Intersection of...

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AIAA Science and Technology Forum and Exposition (AIAA SciTech)

作者： Bradley, Justin Bagheri, Hamid Univ Nebraska Lincoln Dept Comp Sci & Engn Lincoln NE 68508 USA

ISBN: (数字)9781624105951

ISBN: (纸本)9781624105951

Control theory and Software Engineering are well established research fields. Their intersection occurs in every computer-controlled system as control laws, sampling rates, derivatives, integrals, sensor readings, and control actuations are implemented in code and executed by the computer. The execution of controllers has received the bulk of attention from researchers in this intersection while their actual software implementation has received comparatively little. This intersection warrants increased attention from researchers for two main reasons: 1) control systems are distinct from much of the research in software engineering due to the focus on computing for the physical world (e.g., motor actuation, sensor readings, velocity calculations), need for deterministic timing, and safety-critical nature, and 2) correctness and performance guarantees are only meaningful if, in addition to the model, they also characterize the software implementation and its execution - something many in the control community take for granted. In this paper we identify the need for increased research at this intersection by focusing on control software - an area distinct from, but informed by both control theory and software engineering disciplines. This area is complementary to the verification community which focuses on models and testing but may not examine the development process or the software itself, its evolution, semantics, maintainability, or longevity. We identify two key areas in this domain worthy of increased attention. First, successful controllers, their models, and software evolve over their lifetime. Understanding how controllers evolve can help designers know what types of changes impact important controller properties such as margins of stability, rise time, settling time, etc. We discuss this challenge in detail and report on our recent research to characterize controller evolution, including the development of a tool to rapidly simulate it and characterize its im

关键词： Software Engineering Model Based Design Robust Control System computing architecture Sensors Software Development Ardupilot Unmanned Aircraft System Commercial Aircraft Safety Critical Software

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