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The analysis and application of an educational programming language (RUR-PLE) for a pre-introductory computer science course

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CLUSTER COMPUTING-THE JOURNAL OF NETWORKS SOFTWARE TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS 2016年第1期19卷 529-546页

作者： Yoon, IlKyu Kim, JaMee Lee, WonGyu Korea Univ Grad Sch Dept Comp Sci Educ Seoul South Korea Korea Univ Grad Sch Educ Dept Major Comp Sci Educ Seoul South Korea Korea Univ Coll Informat Dept Comp Sci & Engn Seoul South Korea

An educational programming language (EPL) allows a novice programmer to program quickly and easily by reducing the difficulty of programming in terms of programming education. The selection of a programming language, considering the students' cognitive level and the purpose of learning programming, is regarded as a key factor to increase the effectiveness of programming education. In this study, we derived the EPL selection criteria for pre-introductory computer science using the delphi method of a 20-expert panels. Also, we selected RUR-PLE, a Python based programming learning environment, based on EPL selection criteria chosen through the delphi method and applied the selected EPL to 26 students (20 males and 6 females) who participate in programming class to verify its usability. The objective of this study is to improve the possibility of selecting an appropriate EPL for novice programmers, considering the students' characteristics and the transition of programming knowledge from the EPL to a general-purpose programming language.

关键词： Educational programming language Programming learning Introductory computer science course delphi-method

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Real-World Experience of Methotrexate in the Treatment of Skin Diseases: an Italian delphi Consensus

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DERMATOLOGY AND THERAPY 2023年第6期13卷 1219-1241页

作者： Damiani, Giovanni Amerio, Paolo Bardazzi, Federico G. Carrera, Carlo Conti, Andrea Cusano, Francesco Dapavo, Paolo DeSimone, Clara El Hachem, May Fabbrocini, Gabriella Gisondi, Paolo Loconsole, Francesco Micali, Giuseppe Neri, Iria Parodi, Aurora Piaserico, Stefano Romanelli, Marco Stingeni, Luca Pigatto, Paolo D. M. Univ Milan Dept Biomed Surg & Dent Sci Milan Italy IRCCS Ist Ortoped Galeazzi Clin Dermatol Milan Italy Univ Padua Dept Pharmaceut & Pharmacol Sci Padua Italy Univ Milan Italian Ctr Precis Med & Chron Inflammat Milan Italy Univ G dAnnunzio Dept Med & Aging Sci Dermatol Clin Pescara Chieti Italy Univ Bologna Dept Expt Diagnost & Specialty Med Alma Mater Studiorum Bologna Italy Maggiore Policlin Hosp Fdn Ca Granda IRCCS Milan Italy AUSL Romagna Osped Infermi Rimini Dermatol Unit Rimini Italy G Rummo Hosp Dermatol Unit Benevento Italy Univ Turin Dept Med Sci Dermatol Clin Turin Italy Univ Cattolica Sacro Cuore DermatologiaDipartimento Med & Chirurg Traslazion Rome Italy UOC Dermatol Fdn Policlin Univ A Gemelli Dipartimento Sci Med & Chirurg IRCCS Rome Italy Bambino Gesu Pediat Hosp Dermatol Unit Genodermatosis Res Unit IRCCS Rome Italy Univ Naples Federico II Dept Clin Med & Surg Sect Dermatol Naples Italy Univ Verona Dept Med Sect Dermatol & Venereol Verona Italy Univ Bari Dept Biomed Sci & Human Oncol Sect Dermatol Bari Italy Univ Catania Dermatol Clin Catania Italy Univ Bologna Sant Orsola Malpighi Polyclin Univ Hosp Dermatol IRCCS Bologna Italy Univ Genoa Polyclin Hosp San Martino Dermatol Clin DISSAL Genoa Italy Univ Padua Dept Med Dermatol Unit Padua Italy Univ Pisa Pisa Italy Univ Perugia Dept Med & Surg Sect Dermatol Perugia Italy UOC Dermatol Ist Ortoped Galeazzi Via Riccardo Galeazzi 4 I-20161 Milan Italy

BackgroundAfter decades of use, methotrexate displays an established safety and efficacy profile in both in-hospital and outpatient settings. Despite its widespread use, there is surprisingly little clinical evidence to guide daily practice with methotrexate in *** provide guidance for clinicians in daily practice for areas in which there is limited *** delphi consensus exercise on 23 statements was carried out on the use of methotrexate in dermatological routine *** was reached on statements that cover six main areas: (1) pre-screening exams and monitoring of therapy;(2) dosing and administration in patients naive to methotrexate;(3) optimal strategy for patients in remission;(4) use of folic acid;(5) safety;and (6) predictors of toxicity and efficacy. Specific recommendations are provided for all 23 *** order to optimize methotrexate efficacy, it is essential to optimize treatment using appropriate dosages, carrying out a rapid drug-based step-up on a treat-to-target strategy and preferably using the subcutaneous formulation. To manage safety aspects appropriately, it is essential to evaluate patients' risk factors and carry out proper monitoring during the course of treatment.

关键词： Methotrexate Psoriasis Dermatology Safety Efficacy delphi-method Dosage Side-effects Real-life

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Public health actions to improve palliative care in Germany: Results of a three-round delphi study

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HEALTH POLICY 2012年第3期106卷 303-312页

作者： Behmann, Mareike Juenger, Saskia Radbruch, Lukas Schneider, Nils Hannover Med Sch Inst Epidemiol Social Med & Hlth Syst Res D-30625 Hannover Germany Univ Bonn Dept Palliat Med D-53127 Bonn Germany Malteser Hosp Bonn Rhein Sieg Ctr Palliat Med D-53123 Bonn Germany

Background: in previous studies, key targets for public health initiatives to improve palliative care in Germany were defined. The aim of this study was the identification and prioritisation of actions to achieve these targets. methods: A three-round delphi study with 107 stakeholders acting on the meso and macrolevel of the healthcare system was undertaken. First round: proposing actions for each of the key targets;second round: assessment of the actions regarding their relevance;third round: ranking of the actions. Results: 37 actions were generated (first round) of which 14 actions were rated as relevant (second round). In the third round, the action ranked highest was "close collaboration between specialist palliative care services, general practitioners and community nursing services", followed by "Implementing specialist palliative care in the community consequently" and "Strengthening generalist palliative care through training and education of general practitioners and nursing services". Conclusions: The range and the ranking of the actions provide an empirical basis to improve palliative care in Germany on different levels of policy, education and clinical practice. A focus should be on strengthening the collaboration between primary health care providers and specialist palliative care services. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Palliative care Public health delphi-method Health services research Healthcare system

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Which benefits and harms of preoperative radiotherapy should be addressed? A delphi consensus study among rectal cancer patients and radiation oncologists

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RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY 2015年第2期114卷 212-217页

作者： Kunneman, Marleen Pieterse, Arwen H. Stiggelbout, Anne M. Marijnen, Corrie A. M. Leiden Univ Med Ctr Dept Med Decis Making NL-2300 RC Leiden Netherlands Leiden Univ Med Ctr Dept Clin Oncol NL-2300 RC Leiden Netherlands

Background and purpose: We previously found considerable variation in information provision on preoperative radiotherapy (PRT) in rectal cancer. Our aims were to reach consensus among patients and oncologists on which benefits/harms of PRT should be addressed during the consultation, and to assess congruence with daily clinical practice. Materials and methods: A four-round delphi-study was conducted with two expert panels: (1) 31 treated rectal cancer patients and (2) 35 radiation oncologists. Thirty-seven possible benefits/harms were shown. Participants indicated whether addressing the benefit/harm was (1) essential, (2) desired, (3) not necessary, or (4) to be avoided. Consensus was assumed when >= 80% of the panel agreed. Results were compared to 81 audio-taped consultations. Results: The panels reached consensus that six topics should be addressed in all patients (local control, survival, long term altered defecation pattern and faecal incontinence, perineal wound healing problems, advice to avoid pregnancy), three in male patients (erectile dysfunction, ejaculation disorder, infertility), and four in female patients (vaginal dryness, pain during intercourse, menopause, infertility). On average, less than half of these topics were addressed in daily clinical practice. Conclusions: This study showed substantial overlap between benefits/harms that patients and oncologists consider important to address during the consultation, and at the same time poor congruence with daily clinical practice. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.

关键词： Preoperative radiotherapy Rectal cancer Communication Information provision Shared decision making delphi-method

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Development of a national competency-based learning objective catalogue for undergraduate medical education in Germany

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NUKLEARMEDIZIN-NUCLEAR MEDICINE 2018年第4期57卷 137-145页

作者： Marienhagen, Joerg Brenner, Winfried Buck, Andreas Franzius, Christiane Freudenberg, Lutz S. Gotthardt, Martin Lindner, Oliver Mottaghy, Felix M. Hellwig, Dirk Univ Klinikum Regensburg Abt Nukl Med Franz Josef Strauss Allee 11 D-93053 Regensburg Germany Charite Univ Med Berlin Klin Nukl Med Berlin Germany Univ Wurzburg Klin & Poliklin Nukl Med Wurzburg Germany Zentrum Moderne Diagnost Bremen Germany ZRN Rheinland Grevenbroich Germany Radboud Univ Nijmegen Expt Nucl Geneeskunde Nijmegen Netherlands Herz Diabet Zentrum NRW Inst Radiol Nukl Med & Mol Bildgebung Bad Oeynhausen Germany Rhein Westfal TH Aachen Klin Nukl Med Aachen Germany

Aims: Implementation of the guidelines on the Competency-based learning Objective Catalogue for Undergraduate Medical Education for a Nuclear Medicine curriculum on behalf of the committee on professional training and continuing education of the German Association of Nuclear Medicine (DGN) methods: In 7 domains 100 learning objectives (LOs) were subject to a prioritization in 3 categories (A, B and C) by means of a questionnaire as part of a delphi method, in collaboration with all members of the DGN holding a "venia legendi" as experts. Category A defined the essential LOs for each medical practitioner. The prioritization was made by ranking the frequency of the A-classifications. In the 2nd step of the delphi method, a list of LOs with the ranking positions 1-5 in each domain was presented to the first round's experts as a core curriculum, asking either for acceptance or modifications. Results: The results of the 1st step of the delphi method deliver a return rate of 29% of the questionnaires (55 out of 184). The 2nd round shows a return rate of 30.9% (57 out of 184) and full approval of the proposed LOs in all LO domains by in median 72 % of the experts consulted (61%-81%). The present final version contains 37 competency-based LOs in the LO domains legal basis and radiation protection", "basic science", indications and contra-indications for "PET/CT", "scintigraphy and SPECT", "patient preparation", "image interpretation" as well as "therapy". Conclusion: The Competency-based Learning Objective Catalogue for Nuclear Medicine describes the knowledge and competencies, every physician should have at the end of his medical studies. The LO catalogue is a living document, which needs to be adapted continuously to the progress of the medical and technological development.

关键词： National competency-based learning objective catalogue for undergraduate medical education delphi-method curriculum learning objective competency-based nuclear medicine

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Preferred Explanations of Algorithmic Decision-Making Systems in the Dutch Property & Casualty Insurance Industry

Preferred Explanations of Algorithmic Decision-Making System...

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作者： Schotman, E.H.H. Open Universiteit Nederland

学位级别：硕士

There are multiple challenges relating to the explainability of algorithmic decision-making (ADM) systems, such as that there is not a clear consensus on what a ‘good’ explanation is and what sort of explanation fit the different types of ADM-systems. Therefore, in this research, the delphi-method was used to study which explanation would fit the different types of ADM-systems best. This was done in the Dutch property & casualty insurance industry. This report will show that often the data that is used to reach a decision should be included in the explanation because of the privacy perspective. Also, for most ADM-systems in this study, can be said that the general idea behind the algorithm and/or data should be included in the explanation. The main conclusion, however, is that there is not a one-size-fits-all explanation for ADM-systems and that it depends on the type of ADM-system, for what it is used and in which social context.

关键词： algorithmic decision-making explainability insurance delphi-method

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An Exploratory Analysis of CRM Implementation Models

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Journal of Relationship Marketing 2006年第3期4卷 87-105页

作者： Henneberg, Stephan C. s.c.m.henneberg@bath.ac.uk Lecturer in Marketing School of Management University of Bath

Customer Relationship Management (CRM) as a concept is a well-researched area of marketing theory. Since the 1990s the use of relational marketing approaches in consumer markets has found many managerial applications. However, the implementation considerations of CRM remained under-researched from a conceptual perspective, especially as implementation of many CRM projects are perceived as providing limited success. By using an exploratory, qualitative, research design, principally based on a delphi methodology, this study highlights some crucial aspects of CRM implementation. Two clear CRM implementation foci can be distinguished: a dominant hard implementation of CRM (focussing on analytics, centralisation, and campaign management) and a soft implementation of CRM (focussing on decentralised customer experience management at the touch point level). Further analysis of the hard implementation model shows that companies using this path often have only a vague strategic understanding of the CRM project in place before they define the process and technical requirements. An implication of this finding is that standard IT processes are often used to derive strategic CRM guidelines, a reversal of a prescriptive best-practice implementation process. The implications and limitations of the findings as well as the need for further research is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

关键词： CRM implementation CRM implementation Customer relationship management delphi-method process management

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Towards sustainable mobility - Transformative scenarios for 2034

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TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH INTERDISCIPLINARY PERSPECTIVES 2022年 16卷

作者： Kiviluoto, Katariina Tapio, Petri Tuominen, Anu Lyytimaki, Jari Ahokas, Ira Silonsaari, Jonne Schwanen, Tim Univ Turku Finland Futures Res Ctr Rehtorinpellonkatu 3 Turku 20500 Finland VTT Tech Res Ctr Finland Ltd Tekniikantie 21 Otaniemi 02150 Espoo Finland Univ Jyvaskyla Res Ctr Hlth Promot Keskussairaalankatu 4 Jyvaskyla 40600 Finland Finnish Environm Inst Latokartanonkaari 11 Helsinki 00790 Finland Univ Oxford Transport Studies Unit South Parks Rd Oxford OX1 3QY England

Increasing the share of walking and cycling is one of the building blocks of sustainable mobility transformation. Fundamental changes are needed in society and urban structure to support the integration of walking and cycling into everyday routines. We conducted an online delphi study with 30 walking and cycling experts during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Finland in the spring of 2020. The aim was to explore transport experts' views on the future and derive scenarios of walking and cycling with the broader context of the urban mobility system. The scenarios were created using a combination of cluster analysis and qualitative content analysis. In addition, a methodological elaboration of the Disaggregative delphi analysis was introduced, systematising the analysis of qualitative data. The analysis resulted in five scenarios depicting walking and cycling in 2034: 1. Business as Usual Plus, 2. The Demise of Bus-Transport, 3. The Era of Soft Modes, 4. Public Transport Serving All, and 5. Car-dependent Lifestyles Persist. The scenario set can be used as a basis for strategic transport planning and policy as well as a more practical tool for identifying measures for walking and cycling promotion in urban areas.

关键词： Sustainable mobility Walking and cycling delphi-method Scenarios Disaggregative delphi Alternative futures

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A PRELIMINARY RESEARCH AGENDA FOR THE SPIRITUAL RECAPITALISATION OF THE WORKPLACE - A PRACTICAL THEOLOGICAL RE-CONSTRUCTION

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ACTA THEOLOGICA 2010年第2期30卷 171-191页

作者： van den Berg, J. A. Departement Praktiese Teologie Fakulteit Teologie Universiteit van die Vrystaat South Africa

In this article practical theology is portrayed as a work-zone under construction. In order to understand the architecture associated with the construction work, the impotence of so called zombie categories and shell institutions are used to illustrate that practical theology needs to be re-constructed. This re-construction is being developed through reconsidering paradigm, epistemology and methodology operating within a relevant re-constructed practical theology. Theoretical principles are embodied in the use of the qualitative delphi forecast method, documenting the consensus opinion of 10 informed participants on the possible role of spirituality within the workplace. Building on these accents, some markers are mapped for the further development of the so called recapitalisation of practical theology with emphasis on a possible meaning for the workplace. Future perspectives for the facilitation of spirituality in the workplace are mapped in conclusion.

关键词： Practical Theology Paradigm Epistemology methodology delphi-method Workplace Spirituality

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