An innovative procedure for analysing the consequences of ship collisions is presented. It involves coupling of the dynamic structural and transient hydrodynamic responses experienced during this process. Both materia...
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The problem of interaction between fluids and structures is of practical significance in many fields of engineering. This interaction has to be taken into account in analyzing floating objects, ship sloshing, fluid co...
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The problem of interaction between fluids and structures is of practical significance in many fields of engineering. This interaction has to be taken into account in analyzing floating objects, ship sloshing, fluid containers subject to earthquake, flutter of airplane wings, suspended bridge subject to wind, submerged structures such as submarines, dam-reservoir systems, and blood flow through arteries. Such problems are known as the fluid-structure interaction (FSI) problems, where a structural domain interacts with an internal or surrounding fluid. A comprehensive study of these problems still remains a challenging task because of the coupling between the two domains and the existence of strong nonlinearity. For most FSI problems, constructing a complete mathematical model is the most difficult part because of different descriptions of motions used for fluids and solids. Most studies involving FSI embrace many simplifying assumptions to make the problem tractable. In this dissertation, finite element formulations are presented to study two types of representative FSI problems. First, we investigate the effect of the fluid region on the free vibration of beam and plate structures; in particular, natural frequencies and mode shapes of the beams and plates when they are surrounded by a fluid medium are determined. In these problems, we assume that the strains and rotations are considered to be infinitesimally small. Finite element models are constructed for both structural and fluid domains. To connect these two regions, the solid-fluid interface conditions, using the concept of an added mass, are used to construct a finite element model of the problems. Then, we focus on the transient response of plates in the presence of a fluid medium, wherein we consider the geometric nonlinearity with small strains and moderate rotations. Second, we study the effect of arterial walls on the blood flow through large arteries. Although we make several assumptions to simplify the d
The thesis presents a fluid-structure interactionstudies on the hemodynamics of blood flow in the left ventricle andthrough the mitral valve. The virtual model consists of amathematical model of the left ventricle cou...
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The thesis presents a fluid-structure interactionstudies on the hemodynamics of blood flow in the left ventricle andthrough the mitral valve. The virtual model consists of amathematical model of the left ventricle coupled with a complex andstructurally flexible bi-leaflet valve representing the mitralopening. The mitral valve is a bicuspid valve with anterior andposterior leaflets and it regulates unidirectional blood flow fromthe left atrium to the left ventricle in the diastole phase. Theleaflets are made of chordae, annulus and papillary muscles. Thegoal of this study is to provide biomedical engineers and clinicalphysicians with a virtual laboratory tool to understand thedynamics of blood flow in a diseased heart and aid in the design ofnovel artificial heart valves. To this end, the simulation studiespresent an increasingly complex model of the heart to evaluate thevortex ring formation and evolution of the diastole phase in theleft ventricle; and to characterize the septal-anterior motion in adiseased heart with obstructive hypertrophic ***, in collaboration with an industrial partner, thefluid-structure modeling framework was used to evaluate theperformance of a new accelerated artificial valvetester.%%%%Graduate
Distal false lumen (FL) expansion is a common complication after thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) of type-B aortic dissection (TBAD). FL expansion is likely to cause post dissection aortic aneurysm (PDAA). ...
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Distal false lumen (FL) expansion is a common complication after thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) of type-B aortic dissection (TBAD). FL expansion is likely to cause post dissection aortic aneurysm (PDAA). At present, the biomechanical mechanism leading to the expansion of the FL is not clear, resulting in difficulties in its prevention and treatment. This paper presents a patient-specific one-way fluid–structureinteraction (FSI) method for post-TEVAR TBAD patients. This method was then employed to predict the hemodynamic parameters and wall stress in five unstable and five stable patients post-TEVAR. Simulation results were employed to identify the characteristic mechanical parameters for the FL expansion, and to propose a possible mechanism behind FL expansion involving the relationship between the aortic morphology and the characteristic parameters. The pressure difference between false and true lumen, and the average wall stress of FL are recognized as the characteristic parameters for FL expansion, which effectively differentiate the two groups. The threshold value of wall stress between the two groups is about 75 kPa. Abnormally high luminal pressure difference and wall stress in the unstable group were attributed to their anatomical features, such as: enlarged FL, compressed TL, elevated thrombus ratio in FL, and significantly larger tear size. In conclusion, post-TEVAR expansion of the FL is correlated to high luminal pressure difference and elevated FL wall stress, which might be caused by the morphological features of the aorta.
In the underwater-shock environment, cavitation occurs near the structural surface. The dynamic response of fluid-structure interactions is influenced seriously by the cavitation effects. It is also the difficulty in ...
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In the underwater-shock environment, cavitation occurs near the structural surface. The dynamic response of fluid-structure interactions is influenced seriously by the cavitation effects. It is also the difficulty in the field of underwater explosion. With the traditional boundary element method and the finite element method (FEM), it is difficult to solve the nonlinear problem with cavitation effects subjected to the underwater explosion. To solve this problem, under the consideration of the cavitation effects and fluid compressibility, with fluid viscidity being neglected, a 3D numerical model of transient nonlinear fluid-structure interaction subjected to the underwater explosion is built. The fluid spectral element method (SEM) and the FEM are adopted to solve this model. After comparison with the FEM, it is shown that the SEM is more precise than the FEM, and the SEM results are in good coincidence with benchmark results and experiment results. Based on this, combined with ABAQUS, the transient fluid-structure interaction mechanism of the 3D submerged spherical shell and ship stiffened plates subjected to the underwater explosion is discussed, and the cavitation region and its influence on the structural dynamic responses are presented. The paper aims at providing references for relevant research on transient fluid-structure interaction of ship structures subjected to the underwater explosion.
Previous studies showed that the effect of fluid-structure interaction (FSI) was significant on polymer composite structures under dynamic loading. In this study, fluid coupling effect was examined on composite struct...
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The semicircular canals, composed of lateral, anterior and posterior canals in the inner ear, are the sensors of equilibrium during head rotation movements in the three-dimensional space. Semicircular canals are fille...
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The semicircular canals, composed of lateral, anterior and posterior canals in the inner ear, are the sensors of equilibrium during head rotation movements in the three-dimensional space. Semicircular canals are filled with endolymph confined by the cupula. The study of the relationship between endolymph flow and cupular deformation is important in revealing the semicircular canals biomechanical behavior. To date, there are few studies focusing on the transient endolymph flow and cupular deformation in response to a head rotation motion. The lateral semicircular canal is mainly responsible for the sense of the horizontal rotation movement. In order to figure out the intricate dynamics in the lateral semicircular canal during the head rotation motion, the time evolutions of both endolymph flow and cupular deformation are analyzed in this article by using a fully coupled fluid-structure interaction model. It is shown that the cupular deformation provides cues for understanding the physiology of sensing the head rotation.
Over the past decade, fluid-structure interaction studies related to blood vessels have been an active area of research, as they adequately capture the multiphysics of blood flow within the circulatory system. Despite...
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Over the past decade, fluid-structure interaction studies related to blood vessels have been an active area of research, as they adequately capture the multiphysics of blood flow within the circulatory system. Despite the growing interest, only few state-of-the-art reviews have been published in the literature, each focusing individually on the coronary artery, carotid artery, aorta, heart valves and peripheral arteries. This systematic review assesses the current research and implications of fluid-structure interaction implementation strategies in relation to human arteries. It is meant to comprehensively amalgamate research studies on an array of arteries coupled with cardiovascular complications such as atherosclerosis, plaque calcification, aneurysms, aortic dissections and valve dysfunction. It additionally covers computational finite element and finite volume solver demands, coupling schemes, inlet and outlet boundary conditions specifications, Newtonian and non-Newtonian blood rheological properties, laminar and turbulent flow types, as well as the modelling of the vessel wall’s hyperelastic and viscoelastic mechanical behavior. The research information is retrieved from the last ten years and summarized in a tabulated format, to help researchers in easily extracting useful information for future investigations and reviews.
The paper focuses on the study of a semiactivated system, based on a combination of a two movements of forced pitching and free heaving motion. Therefore, quantifying with accuracy the hydrodynamic forces applied on t...
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The long-term operational safety of nuclear power plants is of utmost importance. Seismic isolation has been shown to be effective in reducing the demands on structures in many applications, including nuclear power pl...
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The long-term operational safety of nuclear power plants is of utmost importance. Seismic isolation has been shown to be effective in reducing the demands on structures in many applications, including nuclear power plants (NPP). Many designs for Generation III+ NPP include a large passive cooling tank as a measure of safety that can be used during power failure. In a large seismic event, the fluid in the tank may be excited, and while the phenomenon of fluid-structure interaction (FSI) has also been studied in the context of base isolated liquid storage tanks, the effect on seismically isolated NPP has not yet been explored. This thesis presents a two-part study on a base isolated NPP with friction pendulum bearings. The first part of the study compares the usage of a linear fluid model to a nonlinear fluid model in determining tank and structural demand parameters. The linear fluid model was found to represent the nonlinear fluid model well for preliminary analysis apart from peak sloshing height, which it consistently underestimated. The second part of the study uses a linear fluid model, an empty tank model and a rigid fluid model to investigate the influence of FSI on the structural response of an isolated NPP compared to a fixed base NPP. In general, the response of a fixed base NPP considering FSI using a linear fluid model can typically be bound by the results assuming an empty tank and assuming a full tank with rigid fluid mass. However, this does not hold for the base isolated NPP, as the peak isolation displacement for an NPP with a linear fluid model at design depth is greater than the peak isolation displacement than the same NPP with an empty tank and with a rigid fluid model. Thesis Master of Applied Science (MASc)
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