检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

Acquired dyslexia after stroke in the prereading stage: A single case treatment study with fMRI

NEUROCASE 2006年第4期12卷 252-262页

作者： Fiori, Anja Huber, Walter Dietrich, Thomas Schnitker, Ralph Shah, Jon Herpertz-Dahlmann, Beate Konrad, Kerstin Univ Hosp Aachen Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat Aachen Germany Univ Hosp Aachen Dept Neurolinguist Aachen Germany Univ Hosp Munster Dept Phoniatr & Pediat Audiol Munster Germany Childrens Hosp Zurich Dept Neuroradiol & Magnet Resonance Imaging Zurich Switzerland Inst Med Res Ctr Juelich Julich Germany

The authors report a treatment study of a child (CK) who suffered a left-hemisphere stroke at age 6.3 years, a few months before beginning school. Despite complete recovery of spoken language abilities, CK failed to acquire written language abilities. Neurolinguistic assessment 2 years after the stroke revealed marked impairments in working memory, deficits in acquiring a sublexical reading strategy, and a very rudimentary orthographic network. Functional imaging demonstrated activation in posterior language areas during reading of familiar words while the attempt to read unfamiliar words activated peri- and contralesional structures of the anterior language areas. It was assumed that despite sufficient neural plasticity, the acquisition of a sublexical reading strategy was prevented by severe working memory deficits. Therefore, a specific treatment intervention was developed, choosing a compensatory strategy for reading remediation. Reading development was monitored over three months before and three months after an intensive training was conducted. Data showed significant gains in reading performance only after the specific intervention. These gains remained stable in a catamnesis 2 years later.

关键词： Child Dyslexia, Acquired/etiology Dyslexia, Acquired/rehabilitation Follow-Up Studies Humans image processing, computer-assisted Language Tests Language Therapy/methods Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Neuropsychological Tests/statistics & numerical data Reading Stroke/complications Writing

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Application of Brodmann's area templates for ROI selection in white matter tractography studies

引用

NEUROimage 2006年第3期29卷 868-878页

作者： Thottakara, P Lazar, M Johnson, SC Alexander, AL Waisman Ctr Mental Retardat & Human Dev Waisman Lab Brain Imaging & Behav Madison WI 53705 USA Univ Wisconsin Dept Biomed Engn Madison WI 53705 USA Univ Wisconsin Dept Med Madison WI 53705 USA Univ Wisconsin Dept Med Phys Madison WI 53705 USA Univ Wisconsin Dept Psychiat Madison WI 53705 USA William S Middleton Mem VA Hosp Madison WI 53705 USA

Brodmann's areas are part of the common vernacular used by neuroscientists to indicate specific location of brain activity in functional brain imaging studies. Here, we have employed a template based on the Brodmann's areas as a means of compartmentalizing underlying white matter pathways. White matter tractography was performed on the diffusion tensor data of sixteen subjects using a streamline tracking technique with Runge-Kutta integration. After co-registration, the Brodmann template was utilized for ROI selection. Tracts were segmented based on their termination in a particular area of the template. Binary masks were generated based on the tractography segmentation for a given Brodmann's area in each individual subject. Following registration to a normalized coordinate space, the binary masks were averaged, generating a map that estimates the probability of tractography connectivity for particular white matter pathways to a specific Brodmann's area. The probability maps were color-coded and overlaid on anatomical images to provide perspective. in this study, particular attention was given to the areas of the frontal cortex. A composite map of these areas was generated by assigning each voxel to the Brodmann's area with the highest probability of connectivity, based on the average results. The average maps generated with this method reveal consistent patterns of connectivity across subjects. The use of a normalized template for ROI selection automates the process of segmenting tractography data, making it particularly useful for multi-subject studies. In the future, this method could be used to help elucidate relationships between function and anatomical structure. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Adult Brain/anatomy & histology Brain/physiology Brain Mapping/methods Brain Mapping/methods Cerebral Cortex/anatomy & histology Cerebral Cortex/physiology Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Female Humans image processing, computer-assisted Male Motor Cortex/anatomy & histology Motor Cortex/physiology Prefrontal Cortex/physiology Probability

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Plasticity-induced growth of dendritic spines by exocytic trafficking from recycling endosomes

引用

NEURON 2006年第5期52卷 817-830页

作者： Park, Mikyoung Salgado, Jennifer M. Ostroff, Linnaea Helton, Thomas D. Robinson, Camenzind G. Harris, Kristen M. Ehlers, Michael D. Duke Univ Med Ctr Dept Neurobiol Durham NC 27710 USA Duke Univ Med Ctr Howard Hughes Med Inst Durham NC 27710 USA Med Coll Georgia Dept Neurol Synapses & Cognit Neurosci Ctr Augusta GA 30912 USA Univ Texas Neurobiol Sect Ctr Learning & Memory Austin TX 78712 USA

Dendritic spines are micron-sized membrane protrusions receiving most excitatory synaptic inputs in the mammalian brain. Spines form and grow during long-term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic strength. However, the source of membrane for spine formation and enlargement is unknown. Here we report that membrane trafficking from recycling endosomes is required for the growth and maintenance of spines. Using live-cell imaging and serial section electron microscopy, we demonstrate that LTP-inducing stimuli promote the mobilization of recycling endosomes and vesicles into spines. Preventing recycling endosomal transport abolishes LTP-induced spine formation. Using a pH-sensitive recycling cargo, we show that exocytosis from recycling endosomes occurs locally in spines, is triggered by activation of synaptic NMDA receptors, and occurs concurrently with spine enlargement. Thus, recycling endosomes provide membrane for activity-dependent spine growth and remodeling, defining a novel membrane trafficking mechanism for spine morphological plasticity and providing a mechanistic link between structural and functional plasticity during LTP.

关键词： Animals Biological Transport, Active/physiology Cell Size Cell Size Dendritic Spines/physiology Dendritic Spines/ultrastructure DNA/biosynthesis DNA/genetics Electrophysiology Endosomes/physiology Endosomes/ultrastructure Exocytosis/physiology Hippocampus/cytology Hippocampus/growth & development image processing, computer-assisted Immunohistochemistry Immunohistochemistry Long-Term Potentiation/physiology Microscopy, Electron Microscopy, Electron, Transmission Neuronal Plasticity/physiology Rats Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/physiology Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/physiology

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

A transgenic zebrafish model of neutrophilic inflammation

引用

BLOOD 2006年第13期108卷 3976-3978页

作者： Renshaw, Stephen A. Loynes, Catherine A. Trushell, Daniel M. I. Elworthy, Stone Ingham, Philip W. Whyte, Moira K. B. Univ Sheffield Sch Med & Biomed Sci Acad Unit Resp Med MRC Ctr Dev & Biomed Genet Sheffield S Yorkshire England Univ Sheffield Dept Biomed Sci Sheffield S Yorkshire England

We have established an in vivo model for genetic analysis of the inflammatory response by generating a transgenic zebrafish line that expresses GFP under the neutrophil-specific myeloperoxidase promoter. We show that inflammation is induced after transection of the tail of zebrafish larvae and that this inflammation subsequently resolves over a similar time course to mammalian systems. Quantitative data can be generated from this model by counting of fluorescent cells or by digital image analysis. In addition, we show that the resolution of experimentally induced inflammation can be inhibited by the addition of a pancaspase inhibitor, ***, demonstrating that experimental manipulation of the resolution of inflammation is possible in this model,

关键词： Animals Animals, Genetically Modified Animals, Genetically Modified Cell Count/methods Cell Count/methods Disease Models, Animal Green Fluorescent Proteins image processing, computer-assisted Inflammation/genetics Inflammation/immunology Inflammation/pathology Neutrophils/immunology Neutrophils/pathology Peroxidase/genetics Peroxidase/immunology Promoter Regions, Genetic Transgenes/immunology Wounds and Injuries/genetics Wounds and Injuries/genetics Wounds and Injuries/immunology Wounds and Injuries/immunology Wounds and Injuries/pathology Wounds and Injuries/pathology Zebrafish/genetics Zebrafish/immunology

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Nucleus subputaminalis: neglected part of the basal nucleus of Meynert

引用

BRAIN 2006年第4期129卷 2005-2006页

作者： Boban, M Kostovic, I Simic, G Univ Zagreb Sch Med Dept Neurosci Croatian Inst Brain Res Zagreb 41001 Croatia Univ Zagreb Sch Med Dept Neurosci Croatian Inst Brain Res Zagreb 41001 Croatia

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Individual cell migration serves as the driving force for optic vesicle evagination

引用

SCIENCE 2006年第5790期313卷 1130-1134页

作者： Rembold, Martina Loosli, Felix Adams, Richard J. Wittbrodt, Joachim European Mol Biol Lab Dev Biol Unit D-69117 Heidelberg Germany Univ Cambridge Dept Physiol Dev & Neurosci Cambridge CB2 3DY England

The cellular mechanisms underlying organ formation are largely unknown. We visualized early vertebrate eye morphogenesis at single-cell resolution by in vivo imaging in medaka ( Oryzias latipes). Before optic vesicle evagination, retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) modulate their convergence in a fate-specific manner. Presumptive forebrain cells converge toward the midline, whereas medial RPCs remain stationary, predetermining the site of evagination. Subsequent optic vesicle evagination is driven by the active migration of individual RPCs. The analysis of mutants demonstrated that the retina-specific transcription factor rx3 determines the convergence and migration behaviors of RPCs. Hence, the migration of individual cells mediates essential steps of organ morphogenesis.

关键词： Animals Animals, Genetically Modified Animals, Genetically Modified Cell Movement Cell Shape Cell Shape Central Nervous System/embryology Epithelial Cells/cytology Epithelial Cells/physiology Eye/embryology Fish Proteins/genetics Fish Proteins/physiology Gastrula/cytology Homeodomain Proteins/genetics Homeodomain Proteins/physiology image processing, computer-assisted Microscopy, Confocal Morphogenesis Mutation Oryzias/embryology Oryzias/genetics Prosencephalon/embryology Retina/cytology Retina/embryology Stem Cell Transplantation Stem Cells/physiology

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

The molecular architecture of axonemes revealed by cryoelectron tomography

引用

SCIENCE 2006年第5789期313卷 944-948页

作者： Nicastro, Daniela Schwartz, Cindi Pierson, Jason Gaudette, Richard Porter, Mary E. McIntosh, J. Richard Univ Colorado Dept Mol Cellular & Dev Biol Lab 3D Electron Microscopy Cells Boulder CO 80309 USA Univ Minnesota Dept Genet Cell Biol & Dev Minneapolis MN 55455 USA

Eukaryotic flagella and cilia are built on a 9 + 2 array of microtubules plus 9250 accessory proteins, forming a biological machine called the axoneme. Here we describe the three-dimensional structure of rapidly frozen axonemes from Chlamydomonas and sea urchin sperm, using cryoelectron tomography and image processing to focus on the motor enzyme dynein. Our images suggest a model for the way dynein generates force to slide microtubules. They also reveal two dynein linkers that may provide "hard-wiring'' to coordinate motor enzyme action, both circumferentially and along the axoneme. Periodic densities were also observed inside doublet microtubules;these may contribute to doublet stability.

关键词： Animals Carrier Proteins/chemistry Carrier Proteins/ultrastructure Chlamydomonas reinhardtii/ultrastructure Chlamydomonas reinhardtii/ultrastructure Cryoelectron Microscopy Dynein ATPase/chemistry Dynein ATPase/physiology Dynein ATPase/ultrastructure Flagella/chemistry Flagella/physiology Flagella/ultrastructure Freezing image processing, computer-assisted Imaging, Three-Dimensional Male Microtubules/chemistry Microtubules/physiology Microtubules/ultrastructure Models, Biological Molecular Motor Proteins/chemistry Molecular Motor Proteins/ultrastructure Protein Structure, Tertiary Sea Urchins Sperm Tail/chemistry Sperm Tail/physiology Sperm Tail/ultrastructure Tomography

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Hippocampal volumetry:: Is a consensus definition of the posterior boundaries possible?

引用

HIPPOCAMPUS 2006年第8期16卷 682-683页

作者： Yucel, Kaan MacQueen, Glenda McMaster Univ Med Ctr Dept Psychiat & Behav Neurosci Hamilton ON L8N 3Z5 Canada

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Cryo-electron tomography reveals the cytoskeletal structure of Spiroplasma melliferum

引用

SCIENCE 2005年第5708期307卷 436-438页

作者： Kürner, J Frangakis, AS Baumeister, W European Mol Biol Lab D-69117 Heidelberg Germany Max Planck Inst Biochem Dept Biol Struct D-82152 Martinsried Germany

Evidence has accumulated recently that not only eukaryotes but also bacteria can have a cytoskeleton. We used cryo-electron tomography to study the three-dimensional structure of Spiroplasma melliferum cells in a close-to-native state at similar to4-nanometer resolution. We showed that these cells possess two types of filaments arranged in three parallel ribbons underneath the cell membrane. These two filamentous structures are built of the fibril protein and possibly the actin-like protein MreB. On the basis of our structural data, we could model the motility modes of these cells and explain how helical Mollicutes can propel themselves by means of coordinated length changes of their cytoskeletal ribbons.

关键词： Bacterial Proteins/analysis Blotting, Western Blotting, Western Cell Membrane/ultrastructure computer Simulation Cryoelectron Microscopy Cytoskeleton/chemistry Cytoskeleton/ultrastructure image processing, computer-assisted Imaging, Three-Dimensional Models, Biological Movement Spiroplasma/chemistry Spiroplasma/chemistry Spiroplasma/physiology Spiroplasma/physiology Spiroplasma/ultrastructure Spiroplasma/ultrastructure Tomography

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Bacterial aerobic synthesis of nanocrystalline magnetite

引用

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2005年第26期127卷 9326-9327页

作者： Bharde, A Wani, A Shouche, Y Joy, PA Prasad, BLV Sastry, M Natl Chem Lab Div Mat Chem Nanosci Grp Pune 411008 Maharashtra India Natl Ctr Cell Sci Mol Biol Unit Pune 411007 Maharashtra India

Oxide nanoparticles are important in applications such ascatalysis,electronics,and anti-microbial *** in the synthesis of iron oxidenanoparticles,especially magnetite,has centered on applications such as multi-terabit magneticstorage devices,ferrofluids,MRI contrast enhancement agents,and separation *** for preparing magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles are energy intensive,employ toxicchemicals,and often yield particles in nonpolar organic solutions,thus precluding *** contrast,biological magnetite synthesis occurs in water at room temperature and closeto neutral pH.

关键词： Bacteria, Aerobic/metabolism Bacteria, Aerobic/ultrastructure Crystallization Ferric Compounds/chemistry Ferric Compounds/chemistry Ferric Compounds/metabolism Ferric Compounds/metabolism image processing, computer-assisted Nanotechnology/methods Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：