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The BioScope initiative: Integrating technology into the biology classroom

AMERICAN BIOLOGY TEACHER 2002年第7期64卷 503-510页

作者： Ashburn, SJ Eichinger, DC Witham, SA Cross, VD Krockover, GH Pae, TI Islam, S Robinson, JP Purdue Univ Dept Curriculum & Instruct W Lafayette IN 47907 USA Purdue Univ Dept Basic Med Sci W Lafayette IN 47907 USA

Reports on the quantitative and qualitative assessment of the CD-ROM "Cell Structure and Function" which includes five sections: (1) Basics; (2) Simple Cell; (3) Cell Viewer; (4) Cellular Changes; and (5) Handles. Evaluates the effectiveness of the CD-ROM with the participation of (n=65) students. Applies both qualitative and statistical methods. Includes assessment samples. (YDS)

关键词： Biology Cytology Educational Technology Evaluation High Schools Instructional Materials Integrated Curriculum Middle Schools optical data disks Science Education

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Assessment of aerobic endurance: a comparison between CD-ROM and laboratory-based instruction

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BRITISH JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY 2002年第2期33卷 159-172页

作者： Kirkwood, M Sharp, B de Vito, G Nimmo, MA Univ Strathclyde Fac Educ Dept Educ Studies Glasgow G13 1PP Lanark Scotland Univ Strathclyde Strathclyde Inst Biomed Sci Glasgow G13 1PP Lanark Scotland

Traditional approaches to teaching exercise physiology are costly in terms of staff time and consumable expenses. Ethical considerations, large student numbers and availability of technical expertise magnify the delivery problems. In an attempt to overcome these problems, a CD-ROM version of a basic course in exercise physiology was designed and delivered to a group of undergraduate sport and exercise science students, It simulated five tests of aerobic endurance which are traditionally taught using laboratory methods. A controlled experiment was conducted to compare the two delivery methods, as part of an independent, formative evaluation. Although there were equal knowledge gains and the CD-ROM design and content were well rated by students who used it, this approach has engendered less student interaction, commitment to wider reading and in-depth understanding. Tutorials and other approaches designed to promote more active learning are now being introduced to accompany the use of the CD-ROM.

关键词： Active Learning Comparative Analysis Conventional Instruction Course Evaluation Exercise Physiology Foreign Countries Higher Education Intermode Differences Laboratories Material Development optical data disks ProblemsUnited KingdomUnited Kingdom

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Development and evaluation of an interactive computer-assisted learning program - a novel approach to teaching gynaecological surgery

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BRITISH JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY 2002年第3期33卷 323-331页

作者： Jha, V Widdowson, S Duffy, S St James Univ Hosp Acad Dept Obstet & Gynaecol Leeds LS9 7TF W Yorkshire England

Computer Assisted Learning (CAL) is increasingly being recognised as an effective means of teaching and learning. In Gynaecology, the anatomy and surgical steps in vaginal surgery such as vaginal hysterectomy are confusing due to limited access and restricted view of the operative field. The objective of this pilot project was to develop an interactive CAL program on CD-ROM, combining video, illustrations and three-dimensional images to enhance understanding of vaginal hysterectomy in terms of the anatomy and steps of the surgical procedure. Macromedia Director was used to develop the program. With Director, it is possible to combine text, graphics, animation, video and sound to create interactive material for the web, presentations or CD-ROMS. The CD-ROM takes you through the individual steps of a vaginal hysterectomy combining video clips with voice-over, illustrations and text. The three-dimensional image was included to enhance understanding of the complex relationships between the uterus, bladder and rectum. There is an interactive self-assessment section with multiple-choice questions and an anatomy self-test. The CD-ROM has been evaluated as an educational tool by 12 undergraduate students and,16 trainees in Gynaecology. Most were satisfied with the program. A need for development of further similar educational software has been identified. The CD-ROM has identified an innovative and useful approach to teaching operative surgery The results from the evaluation have been positive in terms of the need for similar programs in future.

关键词： Anatomy Computer Assisted Instruction Illustrations Instructional Material Evaluation Material Development Medical Education optical data disks Surgery Three Dimensional Aids Videotape RecordingsHysterectomies

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Transnational piloting of a CD-ROM for European works council representatives: the CISL METE project

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INNOVATIONS IN EDUCATION AND TEACHING INTERNATIONAL 2002年第3期39卷 171-182页

作者： Tully, B Porter, E Northumbria Univ Dept Modern Languages Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST Tyne & Wear England

This case study reports on some of the issues arising from the transnational piloting of a multimedia English language learning resource. The CD-ROM was designed for European Works Council representatives who need to develop their English language skills to enable them to function more effectively as Works Council representatives within a multinational company with a working language of English. The case study describes the composition and needs of the target group, the pedagogic approach and materials design and then focuses on the pilot study which took place in three European countries. The findings are presented and some conclusions are drawn.

关键词： English (Second Language) Foreign Countries International Programs Multimedia Materials optical data disks Pilot ProjectsItaly Portugal SwedenComputer Assisted Language Learning Sweden Europe Italy Multinational Corporations

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Submission of student assignments on compact discs: exploring the use of audio, images and video in assessment and learning in higher education

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BRITISH JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY 2001年第2期32卷 161-170页

作者： Shephard, K Univ Southampton Ctr Learning & Teaching Southampton Hants England

This paper explores the use of multimedia in assignments that are submitted on compact discs (CD). The storage capacity of the CD allows students to use a wide range of memory-intensive sources that could not be incorporated into conventional or web-based formats. The paper examines the sources of media available;techniques for editing and incorporating media files;the technology of the CD, and copyright. The paper also discusses assessment criteria, equal opportunity considerations and a range of pedagogical issues involved in the use of the CD for submission of assignments. Today's technology should enable students to incorporate a range of memory-intensive media into their assignments and research reports and this process may be highly beneficial to learning and assessment. Widespread use of this technology, however, is likely to depend on solutions to difficult copyright restrictions, adequate training of students and staff as well as access to suitable hardware.

关键词： Assignments Audiovisual Aids Computer Software Copyrights Evaluation Criteria Multimedia Materials optical data disks Student EvaluationEqual Access Educational Media Use

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Year 5 pupils reading an "interactive storybook" on CD-ROM: losing the plot?

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BRITISH JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY 2001年第4期32卷 389-401页

作者： Trushell, J Burrell, C Maitland, A Univ E London Dept Educ & Community Studies Dagenham RM8 2AS Essex England

The use of "interactive storybooks" in the primary classroom may facilitate small group and individual reading with minimal teacher intervention. This small-scale study examines whether small groups of Year 5 pupils, without teacher supervision, progress linearly through an "interactive storybook" and whether such diversions as cued animations affect pupil comprehension. The study finds that more intensive choice of diversions affects some pupils' comprehension.

关键词： Animation Childrens Literature Comprehension Elementary Education Foreign Countries Grade 5 optical data disks Reading Instruction Reading Materials Reading Processes Recall (Psychology) Teacher RoleUnited Kingdom (London)England (London)

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Integrating multimedia into a distance learning environment: Is the game worth the candle?

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BRITISH JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY 2001年第4期32卷 495-497页

作者： Ellis, T Cohen, M Nova SE Univ Sch Comp & Informat Sci Davie FL 33314 USA

Discussion of the value of multimedia in online learning environments focuses on a cost-benefit study of a doctoral-level course that used a multimedia CD. Results suggest that the instructional effectiveness of multi... 详细信息

关键词： Cost Effectiveness Costs Distance Education Doctoral Programs Higher Education Instructional Effectiveness Multimedia Instruction Online Courses optical data disks

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Design implications from a usability study of GramStain-Tutor™

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BRITISH JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY 2001年第5期32卷 595-605页

作者： Kim, S Brock, DM Orkand, A Astion, ML Univ Washington Dept Family Med Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Dept Med Educ Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Dept Lab Med Seattle WA 98195 USA

To examine interface issues in an educational software program, we recruited twenty-two users in health sciences departments for a usability study, Using the GramStain-Tutor (TM) (GST) CD-ROM, these users performed tasks in navigating the program and using various interactive features. Their actions and comments were recorded with a digital video recorder and an audio recorder. The main results of our study are: (a) the majority of the users did not use the multiple navigational options available in the program;(b) navigational patterns differed based on the training background and content knowledge of the users;(c) several visual cues critical to program use were not discovered by the majority of the users;and (d) icons representing specific functions were not intuitive from users' perspectives. We demonstrated how a usability study of a relatively small number of users can identify specific problems in interface design. We recommend these interface problems be addressed before conducting educational studies that examine how educational software programs affect student learning.

关键词： Allied Health Occupations Education Computer Interfaces Computer Software Development Courseware Higher Education Navigation (Information Systems) optical data disks User Friendly InterfaceDesign Research Embedded Support Devices University of Washington

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Click and turn the page: An exploration of multiple storybook literacy

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READING RESEARCH QUARTERLY 2001年第2期36卷 152-183页

作者： Smith, CR Ohio Univ Coll Teacher Educ Athens OH 45701 USA

This case study describes a young child, age 2 1/2 to 3 1/2, as he interacts with three types of storybook media at home with his mother, who is the researcher in this study. The purpose is to describe the participant's interaction with the various storybook media and to analyze the similarities and connections across these interactions that lead to multiple storybook literacy. The situatedness and uniqueness of each type of storybook medium created the context for multiple storybook literacy. data analysis revealed seven distinct episodes of interaction, which were compared across storybook media experiences. The findings indicate that the proportion of engagement in episodes across and within storybook sharing experiences was unique for each medium under investigation. Additionally, each storybook medium contributed uniquely to the participant's overall storybook knowledge and literacy development, indicating that our work at reconceptualizing literacy is not over. Story becomes something the participant reads, creates, and does. /// [Spanish] Este estudio de caso describe a un ni?o de 2 1/2 a 3 1/2 a?os mientras interactúa con tres tipos de formato de libros de cuentos en casa con su madre, que es la investigadora en este trabajo. El propósito es describir la interacción del participante con los distintos formatos de libros de cuentos y analizar las similitudes y conexiones entre estas interacciones que conducen a la alfabetización con múltiples libros de cuentos. La situación y particularidad de cada tipo de formato creó el contexto para la alfabetización. El análisis de los datos reveló siete episodios distintos de interacción, que se compararon a través de las experiencias con los formatos de los libros. Los hallazgos indican que el grado en el que el ni?o se involucra en los episodios, compartiendo experiencias a partir de los distintos libros, fue único para cada formato que se investigó. Adicionalmente, cada formato de libros de cuentos contribuyó en forma

关键词： Electronic Text Language Experience Approach Literacy optical data disks Parent Child Relationship Preschool Education Reader Text Relationship Reading Aloud to Others Reading Research Text Structure

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Narratives of new media in Scottish households: The evolution of a framework of inquiry

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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE 2000年第10期51卷 900-912页

作者： Davenport, E Higgins, M Somerville, I Napier Univ Sch Business Edinburgh EH14 1DJ Midlothian Scotland Craigmillar Community Informat Ctr Edinburgh Midlothian Scotland Queen Margaret Coll Edinburgh Midlothian Scotland

The authors describe a study of the social dynamics of new media in Scottish households. The evolving project drew on dialogues with multiple household members elicited in group conversations. This approach to interviews captured different and conflicting points of view, a feature shared with certain social approaches to systems design. Analysis of the interview transcripts revealed that there are recurrent narratives and behavioral genres across households (and across sample groups), and that these reflect tactics, stratagems, and plans by means of which respondents navigate social space. The authors' approach contrasts with prevailing 'needs and uses" models in information science, in offering a methodological framework based on group narrative and genre analysis that contributes to a theory of social informatics in the household.

关键词： Electronic Mail Family (Sociological Unit) Foreign Countries Internet Interviews Mass Media Mass Media Use Media Research optical data disks TelevisionUnited Kingdom (Scotland)Scotland Social Information Processing Group Conversation Method Home Computers Narrative Paradigm

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