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An angular displacement sensor-Based Active Feedback Open Complementary Split-Ring Resonator

IEEE MICROWAVE AND WIRELESS COMPONENTS LETTERS 2021年第9期31卷 1079-1082页

作者： Ding, Yi Lee, Chieh-Sen Li, Yao Wang, Zhi-Qiang Li, Guo-Feng Dalian Univ Technol Dept Elect Engn Dalian 116024 Liaoning Peoples R China

This letter presents an active feedback microwave sensor with a wide dynamic range and high sensitivity for detecting angular displacement. The sensor comprises two types of movable ring resonators (the rotor), split-ring resonator (SRR) and complement SRR (CSRR), and a modified convex-shaped open complementary split-ring resonator (the stator). The stator is designed with an active circuitry to enhance the quality factor over 4.7 K, and the feedback loop surrounds the sensing zone to enhance the mutual coupling for tracking a finite rotation of rotors in a wide dynamic range. The stator uses the separation between two reflection coefficients or the decibel magnitude variation at a fixed frequency, which is generated from its resonance frequency shift and whose values vary as a function of the rotation angle to be measured. After rotor loading, the average decibel sensitivity in terms of variation in reflection was calculated as 0.32 and 0.13 dB/degree for the SRR and CSRR, respectively, within a dynamic range of 0 degrees-90 degrees.

关键词： Rotors Stators Sensitivity Rotation measurement Resonant frequency Transistors sensors Active feedback angular displacement sensor open complementary split-ring resonator (OCSRR) planar resonator technique

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An Ultracompact angular displacement sensor Based on the Talbot Effect of Optical Microgratings

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sensorS 2023年第3期23卷 1091-1091页

作者： Yang, Zhiyong Ma, Xiaochen Yu, Daguo Cao, Bin Niu, Qianqi Li, Mengwei Xin, Chenguang North Univ China Sch Instrument & Elect Taiyuan 030051 Peoples R China North Univ China Sch Mech Engn Taiyuan 030051 Peoples R China North Univ China Sch Instrument & Intelligence Taiyuan 030051 Peoples R China

Here, we report an ultracompact angular displacement sensor based on the Talbot effect of optical microgratings. Periodic Talbot interference patterns were obtained behind an upper optical grating. By putting another grating within the Talbot region, the total transmission of the two-grating structure was found to be approximatively in a linear relationship with the relative pitch angle between the two gratings, which was explained by a transversal shift of the Talbot interference patterns. The influence of the grating parameters (e.g., the grating period, the number of grating lines and the gap between the two gratings) was also studied in both a simulation and an experiment, showing a tunable sensitivity and range by simply changing the grating parameters. A sensitivity of 0.19 mV/arcsec was experimentally obtained, leading to a relative sensitivity of 0.27%/arcsec within a linear range of +/- 396 arcsec with the 2 mu m-period optical gratings. Benefitting from tunable properties and an ultracompact structure, we believe that the proposed sensor shows great potential in applications such as aviation, navigation, robotics and manufacturing engineering.

关键词： angular displacement sensor Talbot effect microgratings

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A novel inductive angular displacement sensor based on time-grating

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MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022年第5期33卷 055105-055105页

作者： Sun, Shizheng Lv, Ze Han, Yu He, Zeyin Zhang, Junming Chongqing Jiaotong Univ Sch Mechanotron & Vehicle Engn Chongqing Peoples R China

The paper proposes a novel inductive angular displacement sensor to measure large-diameter hollow rotating mechanical components in large science facilities. The sensor design includes a stator, a rotor with two layers of windings. The stator is fabricated according to the dimension of the rotor, which is the large-diameter hollow rotary mechanical components. Based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, the theoretical model of the proposed sensor is acquired by mathematical equations in detail. The proposed sensor design ensures integration of the large-diameter hollow rotating mechanical components with the stator, and solves the problem that the sensors cannot be coaxially installed in the closed-loop control process of large mechanical rotating parts. The performance of the sensor is evaluated by tests of the prototype sensor fabricated by printed circuit board technology, which manifests the effectiveness of the proposed sensor. The results demonstrate the value of original dynamic relative error is +/- 97.6 '' over 0 degrees-360 degrees range, and the measurement error mainly includes first-order and second-order harmonic components. Therefore, the original errors are reduced by optimizing the angular displacement algorithm of the sensor, optimized results demonstrate the final relative accuracy of the sensor is +/- 3.5 '' over the 0 degrees-360 degrees measurement range.

关键词： angular displacement sensor inductive sensor large-diameter hollow rotating mechanical components time-grating

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An angular displacement sensor Based on Microwave Transversal Signal Interference Principle

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IEEE sensorS JOURNAL 2020年第19期20卷 11237-11246页

作者： Chio, Chi Hou Gomez-Garcia, Roberto Yang, Li Tam, Kam Weng Choi, Wai-Wa Ho, Sut Kam Univ Macau Dept Elect & Comp Engn Macau Peoples R China Univ Alcala Dept Signal Theory & Commun Alcala De Henares 28871 Spain

A novel rotational angle microwave sensor with a high dynamic range and sensitivity for detecting angular displacement is presented. It exploits the spectral separation between two notch frequencies or transmission zeros that are generated in its transfer function, and whose value varies as a function of the rotation angle to be measured. The sensor is based on a bi-path transversal-signal-interference (TSI) circuit configuration that is implemented on microstrip technology, where a rotor comprised of an open-circuit-ended stub is loaded onto a stator of this transversal circuit with equal-length electrical paths. The mechanical rotation of the rotor changes the contact point of the open-circuit-ended line to the stator, thus effectively modifying one of the overall paths of the stator and, hence, the inter-transmission-zero separation. Design guidelines for the synthesis of the proposed rotation sensor with a specified dynamic range and sensitivity are provided. Furthermore, a proof-of-concept microstrip-substrate-based prototype with an angular rotation range of 180 degrees is developed at 920 MHz and tested to validate this approach experimentally.

关键词： sensors Microwave filters Microwave sensors Microwave circuits Resonant frequency Dynamic range angular displacement sensor microstrip technology microwave measurement technique microwave sensor rotational angle sensor transmission zero transversal signal interference (TSI)

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Polarizing Grating-Based Ultrasensitive All-Fiber angular displacement sensor

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IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS 2020年第4期32卷 180-183页

作者： Xing, Zhikun Guo, Xi Hu, Jie Qin, Huabao Sun, Qizhen Liu, Deming Yan, Zhijun Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Sch Opt & Elect Informat Natl Engn Lab Next Generat Internet Access Syst Wuhan 430074 Peoples R China Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Wuhan Natl Lab Optoelect Wuhan 430074 Peoples R China

We have proposed and experimentally demonstrated an ultrasensitive all-fiber angular displacement sensor based on in-fiber polarizing gratings and half waveplate (IFHWP), in which the polarizing gratings are based on 45& x00B0;-tilted fiber gratings (45& x00B0;-TFGs) and the IFHWP is constructed by bending-induced birefringence in single mode fiber (SMF). Compared with the existing angular displacement sensors, the structure of our proposed sensor is more desirable to bring the prominent advantages of all-fiber structure, low transmission loss and high sensitivity. The experimental results show that the proposed angular displacement sensor has a sensitivity and a resolution up to 20.477 dB/rad and $2.8\times 10<^>{-3\circ }$ , respectively, within a large measurement range of about 25& x00B0;. In addition, such sensor also has very low temperature sensitivity around $2.1\times 10<^>{-4}$ dB/& x00B0;C.

关键词： Gratings Optical fiber sensors Optical fiber polarization Temperature measurement angular displacement sensor polarizing grating in-fiber half waveplate all-fiber device

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Application of a Cylindrical Dielectric Resonator as an angular displacement sensor 17

Application of a Cylindrical Dielectric Resonator as an Angu...

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17th International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (APSYM)

作者： Regalia, Premsai Kumar, A. V. Praveen BITs Pilani Pilani Campus Pilani Rajasthan India

ISBN: (纸本)9781665419383

Authors investigate the application of a cylindrical dielectric resonator (CDR) for detecting the angular displacement with the help of numerical simulations. The CDR is made bisymmetric by attaching a metal strip diametrically on its top-face to enable angular sensing in the range of 0 - 90 degrees. The CDR is coupled to a single microstrip line for reflection mode measurement, while it is coupled to two microstrip lines for transmission mode measurement. Identically in both the configurations, the CDR resonates at the HEM11 delta mode frequency of approximate to 3.5 GHz, with the magnitude of the respective S-parameters varying with the strip angle. The CDR configurations provide nearly identical sensitivities and quasi-linear ranges of approximate to 0.26 dB/degrees, and 70 degrees respectively for the reflection mode, while approximate to 0.3 dB/degrees and 60 degrees respectively for the transmission mode operation.

关键词： angular displacement sensor Cylindrical dielectric resonator Fixed-frequency sensor Reflection mode Transmission mode

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An angular displacement Microwave sensor With 360° Dynamic Range Using Multi-Mode Resonator

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IEEE sensorS JOURNAL 2021年第3期21卷 2899-2907页

作者： Teng, Cheng Chio, Chi Hou Tam, Kam Weng Lau, Pui Yi Univ Macau Fac Sci & Technol Dept Elect & Comp Engn Taipa Macao Peoples R China Laxcen Technol Ltd Ningbo 315000 Peoples R China

This article presents the application of a novel multi-mode resonator (MMR) named rotational cross-shaped resonator (RCSR) to the design of a planar angular displacement microwave sensor. This MMR developed by four connected stubs with short and open terminations. Since the generated transmission zeros of the RCSR vary linearly with changes in stub lengths, the RCSR structure that makes use of this principle is proposed for implementing angular displacement sensing. The sensor consists of an open-ended stub of RCSR housed by a circular rotor and the rest of the RCSR on the stator. As the position of the stub of RCSR is modified by rotating the rotor, the generated transmission zeros will drift accordingly. Based on the multiple zeros, the proposed angular displacement sensor can provide distinctive direction of rotation detection in addition to dual-sensing measures output. A sensor prototype at 1.95 GHz is designed and experimentally characterized, which reports that both the angle and direction of rotation detections can be realized. The average frequency sensitivity in terms of the variation of a single transmission zero is 1.22 MHz/degree for the dynamic range from -180 degrees to 180 degrees, as well as the average bandwidth sensitivity in terms of the frequency difference between two zeros is 2.61 MHz/degree for the dynamic range from 0 degrees to 180 degrees.

关键词： Multi-mode resonator (MMR) rotational cross-shaped resonator (RCSR) microwave sensor angular displacement sensor microwave measurement technique

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A Self-Calibration Method for angular displacement sensor Working in Harsh Environments

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IEEE sensorS JOURNAL 2019年第8期19卷 3033-3040页

作者： Gou, Li Peng, Donglin Chen, Xihou Wu, Liang Tang, Qifu Hefei Univ Technol Sch Instrumentat Sci & Optoelect Engn Hefei 230009 Anhui Peoples R China Chongqing Univ Technol Engn Res Ctr Mech Testing Technol & Equipment Minist Educ Chongqing 400054 Peoples R China

This paper presents a new self-calibration method for angular displacement sensor, named coaxial sensors relative rotation (CSRR) method, which is suitable for sensors working in harsh environments. With a few slight modifications to the machine, CSRR method can also self-calibrate sensors on their application axes. This method works with two sensors. One sensor provides a benchmark and the other provides relative rotation against the benchmark, then each sensor can be self-calibrated by measuring the synchronized angular displacements of sensors and calculating the relative rotation angles. Experimental results indicate that this method is insensitive to relative rotation error of the two coaxial sensors, and it is also insensitive to sampling uniformity in particular situation. In that particular situation, the calibration accuracy can he better than +/- 2" when the system error of sensor is about +/- 650". Compared with equal division averaged method, CSRR method mostly requires fewer sensors to get the same calibration accuracy;and compared with time-measurement dynamic reversal method, CSRR method performs better on the axis supported by rolling bearing. What is more, we propose an evaluation indicator vertical bar Y-Omega vertical bar to evaluate the effective range of the CSRR method, and the vertical bar Y-Omega vertical bar makes it easier for others to determine whether this method is suitable for their applications.

关键词： Self-calibration angular displacement sensor relative rotation sampling uniformity effective range

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Design of Microwave-Based angular displacement sensor

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IEEE MICROWAVE AND WIRELESS COMPONENTS LETTERS 2019年第4期29卷 306-308页

作者： Jha, Abhishek Kumar Delmonte, Nicolo Lamecki, Adam Mrozowski, Michal Bozzi, Maurizio Gdansk Univ Technol Dept Microwave & Antenna Engn ETI Fac PL-80233 Gdansk Poland Univ Pavia Dept Elect Comp & Biomed Engn I-27100 Pavia Italy EM Invent Sp Zoo Ltd PL-80172 Gdansk Poland

This letter presents a novel microwave-based rotation sensor having a wide dynamic range to detect and measure the angular displacement in terms of the change in resonant frequency. The proposed sensor is based on the microstrip technology, where a rotor comprised of a complementary splitring resonator (CSRR) placed on the ground plane of the microstrip line is free to rotate around its axis. The mechanical rotation of CSRR determines a change in the cross coupling between the microstrip line and the CSRR, thus changing the overall inductance. The proposed planar unloaded microwave sensor, working around ISM band of 5.8 GHz, is quite sensitive to detect angular rotation in the wide dynamic range of 0 degrees-90 degrees. The linearity in dynamic range is achieved in the range of 30 degrees-60 degrees. Operating frequency and bandwidth can be adjusted by loading the rotor with dielectric. Depending on the type of dielectric loading of CSRR, it is possible to select the center frequency from a wide range of 4.67-5.94 GHz, with the bandwidth ranging from 116 to 250 MHz. Due to its features, the proposed sensor can be useful for various industrial applications.

关键词： angular displacement sensor electrically small resonators microstrip technology microwave measurement technique microwave sensors

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An angular displacement sensor With a Curved Two-Metal-Layer CPW Loaded by an EBG Structure

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IEEE sensorS JOURNAL 2018年第6期18卷 2335-2341页

作者： Basseri, Javad Joodaki, Mojtaba Ferdowsi Univ Mashhad Dept Elect Engn Mashhad *** Iran

This paper presents a microwave angular displacement sensor that consists of a curved two-metal-layer coplanar waveguide (TML CPW) loaded by an electromagnetic bandgap structure (two semi-cylindrical periodic air-gap structures of dielectrics, allocated at the top and bottom of the curved TML CPW). Rotating one of the dielectrics against the other one, produces a variation in the depth of the stopband at the central frequency. The magnitude change is proportional to the angle of the rotation. The curved TML CPW line with the length of 140 mm is fabricated on a 254 mu m thick RO3010 Rogers substrate (epsilon(r) = 10.2 and tan delta = 0.0022), which is arched in a semi-cylindrical shape with a radius of 50 mm. The periodic air-gap structures, in order to create the electromagnetic bandgap, are manufactured by laser cutting of an optically transparent polycarbonate (epsilon(r) = 2.8 and tan delta = 0.01) in semi-cylindrical shapes. The analysis, finite element method simulation, realization, and measurements have been performed for the sensor with 15 unit cells. An average sensitivity and a dynamic range of about 3 dB/deg and 5 degrees degrees, respectively, have been obtained at 10.2 GHz. The fixed operating frequency and the wide bandwidth of the sensor (>1 GHz) will simplify the design and fabrication of the data readout circuit. The impact of the structure curvature on the sensor response is also investigated as an important practical issue.

关键词： angular displacement sensor microwave sensors curved TML CPW electromagnetic bandgap periodic-air-gap structure

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