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beyond visual range maneuver intention recognition based on attention enhanced tuna swarm optimization parallel BiGRU

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COMPLEX & INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS 2024年第2期10卷 2151-2172页

作者： Xie, Lei Deng, Shilin Tang, Shangqin Huang, Changqiang Dong, Kangsheng Zhang, Zhuoran Air Force Engn Univ Xian 710038 Peoples R China Northwest Univ Xian 710038 Peoples R China China Aerodynam Res & Dev Ctr Computat Aerodynam Inst Mianyang 621000 Peoples R China 93184 Troops Beijing 100000 Peoples R China

This paper researches the problem of beyond visual range (BVR) air combat maneuver intention recognition. To achieve efficient and accurate intention recognition, an Attention enhanced Tuna Swarm Optimization-Parallel Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit network (A-TSO-PBiGRU) is proposed, which constructs a novel Parallel BiGRU (PBiGRU). Firstly, PBiGRU has a parallel network structure, whose proportion of forward and backward network can be adjusted by forward coefficient and backward coefficient. Secondly, to achieve object-oriented adjustment of forward and backward coefficients, the tuna swarm optimization algorithm is introduced and the negative log-likelihood estimation loss function is used as the objective function, it realizes the dynamic combination of sequence guidance and reverse correction. Finally, the attention mechanism is used to obtain more useful information to improve the recognition accuracy. Through offline recognition experiment, it is proved that A-TSO-PBiGRU can effectively improve the convergence speed and recognition accuracy compared with GRU-related networks. Compared with the other six comparison algorithms, maneuver intention recognition accuracy also has significant advantages. In the online recognition experiment, maneuver intention recognition accuracy of A-TSO-PBiGRU is 93.7%, it shows excellent maneuver intention recognition ability.

关键词： Maneuver intention recognition beyond visual range Tuna swarm optimization Parallel bidirectional gating recurrent unit Attention mechanism

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Application of Deep Reinforcement Learning in Maneuver Planning of beyond-visual-range Air Combat

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IEEE ACCESS 2021年 9卷 32282-32297页

作者： Hu, Dongyuan Yang, Rennong Zuo, Jialiang Zhang, Ze Wu, Jun Wang, Ying Air Force Engn Univ Xian 710053 Peoples R China

beyond-visual-range (BVR) engagement becomes more and more popular in the modern air battlefield. The key and difficulty for pilots in the fight is maneuver planning, which reflects the tactical decision-making capacity of the both sides and determinates success or failure. In this paper, we propose an intelligent maneuver planning method for BVR combat with using an improved deep Q network (DQN). First, a basic combat environment builds, which mainly includes flight motion model, relative motion model and missile attack model. Then, we create a maneuver decision framework for agent interaction with the environment. Basic perceptive variables are constructed for agents to form continuous state space. Also, considering the threat of each side missile and the constraint of airfield, the reward function is designed for agents to training. Later, we introduce a training algorithm and propose perceptional situation layers and value fitting layers to replace policy network in DQN. Based on long short-term memory (LSTM) cell, the perceptional situation layer can convert basic state to high-dimensional perception situation. The fitting layer does well in mapping action. Finally, three combat scenarios are designed for agent training and testing. Simulation result shows the agent can avoid the threat of enemy and gather own advantages to threat the target. It also proves the models and methods of agents are valid and intelligent air combat can be realized.

关键词： Missiles Aircraft Atmospheric modeling Planning Decision making Mathematical model Aircraft manufacture beyond visual range intelligent air combat maneuver planning and decision missile kill envelope deep reinforcement learning LSTM-DQN

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Research on beyond-visual-range Interception Guidance Law Considering Overload Constraint

Research on Beyond-visual-range Interception Guidance Law Co...

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第三届国际航空科学青年学者学术会议

作者： JI Dong-wen ZHANG Yun-fei ZHU Tao School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

By limiting the lateral overload coefficient and considering the constraints of the time delay caused by path generation and detection probability of the penetration aircraft, it was established for an optimal guidance law considering the actual constraints of overload and other factors. The simulation results indicate that the method preserves the shorter interception time period similarly with traditional optimal guidance method, meanwhile the average lateral overload is only a little larger than tracing navigation law. It is a practical method of beyond-visual-range intercept guidance law.

关键词： beyond visual range tracing interception tracing guidance law optimal guidance law overload constraint

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A novel adaptive parameter strategy differential evolution algorithm and its application in midcourse guidance maneuver decision-making

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COMPLEX & INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS 2024年第1期10卷 847-868页

作者： Xie, Lei Wang, Yuan Tang, Shangqin Huang, Changqiang Li, Yintong Dong, Kangsheng Song, Ting AF Engn Univ Xian 710038 Peoples R China China Aerodynam Res & Dev Ctr Computat Aerodynam Inst Mianyang 621000 Peoples R China AV Leihua Elect Technol Res Inst Wuxi 214063 Peoples R China

In this paper, a novel Adaptive Parameter Strategy Differential Evolution (APSDE) algorithm is proposed to overcome the parameters dependence and avoid local optima. The Parameter Update Mechanism (PUM), which has three different strategies, is used to reduce the dependence on parameters of DE. The Adaptive Proportion Adjustment Mechanism (APAM) is used to balance the proportion of PUM strategies in different development terms of exploitation and exploration, and the Random Restart Mechanism (RRM) is used to improve population diversity when exploitation is in stagnation. The proposed algorithm is verified in the CEC2018 test functions and the results show that APSDE has good abilities of exploitation, exploration, convergence, and stability. Secondly, Midcourse Guidance Maneuver Decision-making (MGMD) in beyond visual range (BVR) air combat is studied and transformed into a single objective variational optimization problem, a MGMD system based on APSDE is established. Finally, the simulation of MGMD is carried out. The APSDE ranks first in the typical MGMD scenario experiment. In the adaptive Midcourse guidance confrontation, the winning rate of APSDE is 54%, and the statistical results show that the APSDE has an excellent MGMD ability.

关键词： Differential evolution Parameter update Adaptive proportion adjustment Random restart Midcourse guidance beyond visual range

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Modeling of Air-to-air Missile Dynamic Attack Zone Based on Bayesian Networks

Modeling of Air-to-air Missile Dynamic Attack Zone Based on ...

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Chinese Automation Congress (CAC)

作者： Sun, Yuzhu Wang, Xiaoxu Wang, Tingjun Gao, Pu Northwestern Polytech Univ Sch Automat Xian Peoples R China China Aerosp Sci & Technol Corp Inst 16 Xian Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728176871

In the beyond visual range (BVR) air combat, the low hit rate of air-to-air missile (AAM) caused by evasive maneuvers of targets has long been a question of great interest. This paper attempts to address this problem by sending a corrected relay guidance command based on the missile dynamic attack zone (DAZ) to adjust the trajectory of the missile in real time. First, the physical model of the attack zone (AZ) is built and analyzed with the conditions of maneuvering target. Second, considering the increasing complexity of the environment, large battlefield range and the high mobility of targets, the traditional AZ can not meet the needs of current BVR air combat very well. Thus, to adapt the changes of air combat better, the probabilistic dependencies between multiple kinematic parameters and DAZ is modelled by Bayesian Networks (BN). The conditional probability tables (CPT) of BN is learnt from datasets derived from the physical model. Finally, through the inference and analysis of BN, we get an additional relay guidance command to adjust the trajectory of the missile in real time. The proposed method is exemplified by simulation, and results show that this method is effective and has a higher hitting accuracy.

关键词： Air-to-air missile beyond visual range Attack zone Bayesian networks Relay guidance

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Positioning of Ionospheric Irregularities and the Earth's Surface Roughness Using an Over-the-Horizon HF Radar

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RADIOPHYSICS AND QUANTUM ELECTRONICS 2018年第9期60卷 688-702页

作者： Uryadov, V. P. Vertogradov, G. G. Sklyarevsky, M. S. Vybornov, F. I. NI Lobachevsky State Univ Nizhny Novgorod Nizhnii Novgorod Russia Polyot Sci & Prod Enterprise Nizhnii Novgorod Russia Southern Fed Univ Rostov Na Donu Russia

We realize the possibilities for positioning of ionospheric irregularities and the Earth's surface roughness with the chirp-signal ionosonde-radio direction finder used as an over-the-horizon HF radar of bistatic configuration on the Cyprus - Rostov-on-Don and Australia - Rostov-on-Don paths. It is established that the small-amplitude diffuse signals coming from azimuths of 310(A degrees)-50(A degrees) on the Cyprus - Rostov-on-Don path in the evening and at night at frequencies above the maximum observable frequency (MOF) of the forward signal are due to backscattering by small-scale irregularities of the mid-latitude ionospheric F Layer. It is shown that the backward obliquesounding signals recorded on the Cyprus - Rostov-on-Don path are caused by the sideband scattering of radio waves from the Caucasus mountain ranges, the Iranian highlands, and the Balkan mountains. It is found that the anomalous signals observed on the Alice Springs (Australia) - Rostov-on-Don path, which come from azimuths of 10(A degrees)-25(A degrees) with delays by 10-16 ms exceeding the delay of the forward signal are due to scattering of radio waves by the high-latitude ionospheric F-layer irregularities localized in the evening sector of the auroral oval at latitudes of 70(A degrees)-80(A degrees) N.

关键词： radio waves High frequency radar beyond visual range Surface roughness delay EVENING irregularities Cyprus auroral oval signals Byways F region Balkan Mountains Patient Positioning azimuth

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A combined sinusoidal transmission grating spectrometer and x-ray diode array diagnostics for time-resolved spectral measurements in laser plasma experiments

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REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2019年第1期90卷 013501-013501页

作者： Shpilman, Ze'ev Hurvitz, Gilad Danon, Liron Shussman, Tomer Ehrlich, Yosi Maman, Shlomo Levy, Izhak Fraenkel, Moshe Soreq NRC Plasma Phys Dept IL-81800 Yavne Israel

A new system which combines two independent diagnostic devices on the same line of sight is used to measure the X-ray spectrum in the 50-1000 eV regime. The first device is an array of six channels of time-resolved X-ray diodes (XRD's), arranged to cover the spectral band with low spectral resolution (lambda/Delta lambda similar to 3). The second device is a time-integrated sinusoidal transmission grating spectrometer (STGS) with a wide spectral range coverage and moderate spectral resolution (lambda/Delta lambda similar to 30). The spectral band of each XRD can be tuned by selecting a cathode, an x-ray mirror, and a filter. The novel sinusoidal shape of the STGS allows acquisition of a pure first-order spectrum without contribution of high dispersion orders, resulting in a higher accuracy spectrum measurement. The system described here has recently been used [Y. Ehrlich et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 88, 043507 (2017)] to demonstrate an improved unfolding algorithm of an XRD-acquired spectrum, achieved by experimental information gathered from the STGS measurement. Published under license by AIP Publishing.

关键词： Spectral resolution time-resolved spectroscopy Spectrometer transmission grating line of sight Laser produced plasmas x-ray diode Time resolved spectral bands C6orf15 gene beyond visual range X-ray spectra Sinusoidal non line of sight

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Climatological Model of Over-the-Horizon Radar

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RADIO SCIENCE 2018年第9期53卷 988-1001页

作者： Cervera, M. A. Francis, D. B. Frazer, G. J. Def Sci & Technol Grp High Frequency Radar Branch Edinburgh Midlothian Scotland Univ Adelaide Sch Phys Sci Adelaide SA Australia

Key Points Models of radar systems are required for a variety of reasons. The sophistication of these models is highly dependent on their purpose;for instance, microwave radar models, which are designed to be integrated into existing wargaming simulation frameworks, will often be low-fidelity models. The development of similar models of over-the-horizon (OTH) radar is particularly challenging. This is due to the highly variable propagation environment in which such systems are required to operate: even the lowest fidelity model of an OTH radar must model the environmental conditions appropriately. The base level environmental modeling required to accurately characterize OTH radar performance is the climatology, that is, diurnal, seasonal, and solar cycle variations. In this paper we detail a climatological model of OTH radar developed using high-frequency radio wave ray tracing techniques. We discuss how this model may be used to provide initial assessments of the viability of candidate OTH radar networks to meet particular missions and how it may be used in sophisticated radar network design methodologies.

关键词： radar networks Climatology solar cycles Assessment.initial beyond visual range radar Radar systems beyond visual range radar

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Design and instruction solution of an optimal guidance law for ship-air missile beyond visual range

Design and instruction solution of an optimal guidance law f...

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International Conference on Materials Science and Information Technology (MSIT 2011)

作者： Zhao Yong-tao Hu Yun-an Naval Aeronaut & Astronaut Univ Dept Control Engn Yantai Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9783037853191

For the case of ship-air missile intercepting the low target beyond visual range by ship-ship coordination, the instruction solution model was presented and an optimal guidance law was designed considering the effect of the curvature of the earth. In the midcourse and terminal guidance segment, the optimal guidance law was designed through applying the concept of the pseudo control variable and the theory of the linear quadratic optimal control. The information of the target was described in the launch coordinates through coordinate transformation to realize the instruction solution for the designed guidance law. The simulation results show that the model of the instruction solution is correct and the designed guidance law is feasible.

关键词： collaborative guidance beyond visual range ship-air missile guidance law instruction solution

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Long-range Maritime Communications through a Multi-Link Ensemble

Long-Range Maritime Communications through a Multi-Link Ense...

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OCEANS

作者： Steven Jones Ra'id Awadallah Philip Chimento Thomas Hanley Jeramy Hansen Robert Nichols Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory Laurel Maryland USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781728114521

We consider the ability to support communications for beyond line of site (BLOS) maritime applications through an ensemble of communication link modalities. While satellite communications is often used for this purpose it can be costly in terms of airtime. As anticipated no one modality is expected to enable adequate performance; however, we have modelled the performance of an ensemble of links which shows promise in providing operationally-relevant data rates. The link paths investigated include HF (skywave and surface wave), ducting, meteor burst, and troposcatter.

关键词： Ocean communications beyond line of sight Satellite communications Satellite communication beyond visual range Communication Research multilink marine Data transfer rates surface waves Ensembles METEOR SHOWERS

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