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Memristive Model for synaptic circuits

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON circuits AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS 2017年第7期64卷 767-771页

作者： Zhang, Yang Wang, Xiaoping Li, Yi Friedman, Eby G. Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Sch Automat Wuhan 430074 Peoples R China Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Sch Opt & Elect Informat Wuhan 430074 Peoples R China Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol WNLO Wuhan 430074 Peoples R China Univ Rochester Dept Elect & Comp Engn 601 Elmwood Ave Rochester NY 14627 USA

As a promising alternative for next-generation memory, memristors provide several useful features such as high density, nonvolatility, low power, and good scalability as compared with conventional CMOS-based memories. In this brief, a voltage-controlled threshold memristive model is proposed, which is based on experimental data of memristive devices. Moreover, the model is more suitable for the design of memristor-based synaptic circuits as compared with other memristive models. The effects of memristance variations are considered in the proposed model to evaluate the behavior of memristive synapses within memristor-based neural networks.

关键词： Crossbar array memristor neural network synaptic circuits threshold model

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Neuronal differentiation and functional maturation of neurons from neural stem cells induced by bFGF-chitosan controlled release system

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DRUG DELIVERY AND TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH 2023年第9期13卷 2378-2393页

作者： Bai, Tianyu Duan, Hongmei Zhang, Boya Hao, Peng Zhao, Wen Gao, Yudan Yang, Zhaoyang Li, Xiaoguang Beihang Univ Sch Biol Sci & Med Engn 37 Xueyuan Rd Beijing 100083 Peoples R China Capital Med Univ Dept Neurobiol 10 Xitoutiao Strip Beijing 100069 Peoples R China

Available methods for differentiating stem cells into neurons require a large number of cytokines and neurotrophic factors, with complex steps and slow processes, and are inefficient to produce functional neurons and form synaptic contacts, which is expensive and impractical in clinical application. Here, we demonstrated a bioactive material, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-chitosan controlled release system, for facilitating neuronal differentiation from NSCs and the functional maturation of the induced neurons with high efficiency. We illustrated by immunostaining that the neurons derived from NSCs expressed mature immunomarkers of interneurons and excitatory neurons. And we found by patch-clamp that the induced neurons exhibited diverse electrophysiological properties as well as formed functional synapses. In vivo, we implanted bFGF-chitosan into lesion area in traumatic brain injury (TBI) mice and similarly observed abundance of neuroblasts in SVZ and the presence of newborn functional neurons in injury area, which integrated into synaptic networks. Taken together, our efficient and rapid tissue engineering approach may be a potential method for the generation of functional neuronal lineage cells from stem cells and a therapy of brain injury and disease.

关键词： Neural stem cells bFGF-chitosan Neuronal differentiation Functional maturation synaptic circuits Traumatic brain injury

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Astroglial networks control visual responses of superior collicular neurons and sensory-motor behavior

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CELL REPORTS 2024年第7期43卷 114504页

作者： Visser, Josien Milior, Giampaolo Breton, Rachel Moulard, Julien Garnero, Maina Ezan, Pascal Ribot, Jerome Rouach, Nathalie Univ PSL Coll France Neuroglial Interact Cerebral Physiol & Pathol Ctr Interdisciplinary Res BiolCNRSINSERMLabex M Paris France Sorbonne Univ Doctoral Sch 158 Paris France Ist Italiano Tecnol Opt Approaches Brain Funct Lab Genoa Italy

Astroglial networks closely interact with neuronal populations, but their functional contribution to neuronal representation of sensory information remains unexplored. The superior colliculus (SC) integrates multi-sensory information by generating distinct spatial patterns of neuronal functional responses to specific sensory stimulation. Here, we report that astrocytes from the mouse SC form extensive networks in the retinorecipient layer compared to visual cortex. This strong astroglial connectivity relies on high expression of gap-junction proteins. Genetic disruption of this connectivity functionally impairs SC retinotopic and orientation preference responses. These alterations are region specific, absent in primary visual cortex, and associated at the circuit level with a specific impairment of collicular neurons synaptic transmission. This has implications for SC-related visually induced innate behavior, as disrupting astroglial networks impairs light-evoked temporary arrest. Our results indicate that astroglial networks shape synaptic circuit activity underlying SC functional visual responses and play a crucial role in integrating visual cues to drive sensory-motor behavior.

关键词： superior colliculus visual maps astrocytes synaptic circuits gap junctions astroglial networks sensory-motor behavior

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NEURONAL circuits IN BARREL CORTEX FOR WHISKER SENSORY PERCEPTION

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PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS 2021年第1期101卷 353-415页

作者： Staiger, Jochen F. Petersen, Carl C. H. Univ Med Ctr Gottingen Inst Neuroanat Gottingen Germany Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne EPFL Brain Mind Inst Lab Sensory Proc Fac Life Sci Lausanne Switzerland

The array of whiskers on the snout provides rodents with tactile sensory information relating to the size, shape and texture of objects in their immediate environment. Rodents can use their whiskers to detect stimuli, distinguish textures, locate objects and navigate. Important aspects of whisker sensation are thought to result from neuronal computations in the whisker somatosensory cortex (wS1). Each whisker is individually represented in the somatotopic map of wS1 by an anatomical unit named a 'barrel' (hence also called barrel cortex). This allows precise investigation of sensory processing in the context of a well-defined map. Here, we first review the signaling pathways from the whiskers to wS1, and then discuss current understanding of the various types of excitatory and inhibitory neurons present within wS1. Different classes of cells can be defined according to anatomical, electrophysiological and molecular features. The synaptic connectivity of neurons within local wS1 microcircuits, as well as their long-range interactions and the impact of neuromodulators, are beginning to be understood. Recent technological progress has allowed cell-type-specific connectivity to be related to cell-type-specific activity during whisker-related behaviors. An important goal for future research is to obtain a causal and mechanistic understanding of how selected aspects of tactile sensory information are processed by specific types of neurons in the synaptically connected neuronal networks of wS1 and signaled to downstream brain areas, thus contributing to sensory-guided decision-making.

关键词： barrel cortex GABAergic neurons principal cells sensory perception synaptic circuits

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Disrupted mossy fiber connections from defective embryonic neurogenesis contribute to SOX11-associated schizophrenia

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CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES 2022年第3期79卷 180-180页

作者： Abulaiti, Xianmixinuer Wang, Aifang Zhang, Han Su, Hang Gao, Rui Chen, Jiayu Gao, Shaorong Li, Lingsong Tongji Univ Sch Life Sci & Technol Frontier Sci Ctr Stem Cells Clin & Translat Res CtrShanghai Matern & Infant Shanghai 200092 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Shanghai Adv Res Inst Shanghai 201210 Peoples R China Zhengzhou Univ Henan Prov Peoples Hosp Zhengzhou 450003 Henan Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Beijing 100049 Peoples R China

Abnormal mossy fiber connections in the hippocampus have been implicated in schizophrenia. However, it remains unclear whether this abnormality in the patients is genetically determined and whether it contributes to the onset of schizophrenia. Here, we showed that iPSC-derived hippocampal NPCs from schizophrenia patients with the A/A allele at SNP rs16864067 exhibited abnormal NPC polarity, resulting from the downregulation of SOX11 by this high-risk allele. In the SOX11-deficient mouse brain, abnormal NPC polarity was also observed in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, and this abnormal NPC polarity led to defective hippocampal neurogenesis-specifically, irregular neuroblast distribution and disrupted granule cell morphology. As granule cell synapses, the mossy fiber pathway was disrupted, and this disruption was resistant to activity-induced mossy fiber remodeling in SOX11 mutant mice. Moreover, these mutant mice exhibited diminished PPI and schizophrenia-like behaviors. Activation of hippocampal neurogenesis in the embryonic brain, but not in the adult brain, partially alleviated disrupted mossy fiber connections and improved schizophrenia-related behaviors in mutant mice. We conclude that disrupted mossy fiber connections are genetically determined and strongly correlated with schizophrenia-like behaviors in SOX11-deficient mice. This disruption may reflect the pathological substrate of SOX11-associated schizophrenia.

关键词： Mossy fiber remodeling Schizophrenia-associated SNPs SOX11 polymorphisms synaptic circuits Hippocampal formation Dentate gyrus neurogenesis

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Co-expression of the neuropeptide proctolin and glutamate in the central nervous system, along mechanosensory neurons and leg muscle inCupiennius salei

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CELL AND TISSUE RESEARCH 2020年第2期382卷 281-292页

作者： Senior, Elizabeth E. Poulin, Hailee E. Dobecki, Madison G. Anair, Bradley M. Fabian-Fine, Ruth St Michaels Coll Dept Biol One Winooski Pk Colchester VT 05349 USA

Similar to hair cells in the mammalian cochlear system, mechanosensory neurons in the Central American wandering spiderCupiennius saleiare strongly innervated by efferent fibers that originate from neurons whose somata are located in the central nervous system (CNS). In both the mammalian and arachnid systems, efferent fibers have been shown to co-express two or more transmitters;however, our understanding regarding co-transmission and how it affects sensory signal transduction and processing in these systems is only fragmentary. The spider model system is exceptionally suitable for this type of investigation due to the large size and easy accessibility of the sensory and efferent neurons in this system. Thus far, GABA and glutamate have been identified as the main fast-acting transmitters in efferent axons that form synaptic contacts onto sensory neurons in slit sense organs. Ultrastructural investigations suggest an abundance of neuropeptides within these peripheral synapses. In an effort to identify these peptides and conduct functional studies, we have employed immunohistochemistry to investigate whether the neuropeptide proctolin is present in neurons of the leg ganglia and in peripheral leg structures. Here, we demonstrate that similar to 73% of all neurons in the CNS ofC. saleishow proctolin-like immunoreactivity (proc-LIR) including the leg ganglia. We demonstrate that both strongly and weakly labeled neurons can be distinguished. The majority of proc-LIR neurons show weak labeling intensity and similar to 86.2% co-localize with glutamate. In future experiments, we plan to undertake functional studies to investigate the significance of this co-expression, which has yet to be investigated.

关键词： Efferent innervation synaptic circuits Co-transmission Neuropeptide Central American wandering spider

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synaptic dysfunction of Aldh1a1 neurons in the ventral tegmental area causes impulsive behaviors

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MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION 2021年第1期16卷 73-73页

作者： Li, Xinyan Chen, Wenting Huang, Xian Jing, Wei Zhang, Tongmei Yu, Quntao Yu, Hongyan Li, Hao Tian, Qing Ding, Yumei Lu, Youming Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Sch Basic Med Dept Physiol Wuhan 4030030 Peoples R China Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Tongji Med Coll Wuhan 4030030 Peoples R China Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Wuhan Ctr Brain Sci Wuhan 430030 Peoples R China Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Sch Basic Med Dept Neurobiol Wuhan 430030 Peoples R China Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Sch Basic Med Dept Pathophysiol Wuhan 430030 Peoples R China Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Union Hosp Tongji Med Coll Dept StomatolSch Stomatol Wuhan 430030 Peoples R China

Background Aldh1a1 neurons are a subtype of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) inhibitory neurons that use Aldh1a1 rather than glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) as an enzyme for synthesizing GABA transmitters. However, the behaviors and circuits of this newly identified subtype of inhibitory interneurons remain unknown. Methods We generated a mutant mouse line in which cyclization recombination enzyme (CRE) was expressed under the control of the Aldh1a1 promotor (Aldh1a1-CRE mice). Using this mutant strain of mice together with the heterozygous male Alzheimer's disease (AD) related model mice (APPswe/PSEN1dE9, or AD mice) and a genetically modified retrograde and anterograde synaptic tracing strategy, we have studied a specific synaptic circuit of Aldh1a1 neurons with system-level function and disease progression in AD mice. Results We demonstrate that Aldh1a1 neurons encode delay of gratification that measures self-control skills in decision making by projecting inhibitory synapses directly onto excitatory glutamate neurons in the intermediate lateral septum (EGNIS) and receiving synaptic inputs from layer 5b pyramidal neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex (L5PN). L5PN -> Aldh1a1 synaptic transmission undergoes long-term potentiation (LTP). Pathway specific inhibition by either genetic silencing presynaptic terminals or antagonizing postsynaptic receptors impairs delay of gratification, resulting in the impulsive behaviors. Further studies show that reconstitution of Aldh1a1-deficient neurons with the expression of exogenous Aldh1a1 (eAldh1a1) restores Aldh1a1 -> EGNIS synaptic transmission and rescues the impulsive behaviors in AD mice. Conclusions These results not only identify a specific function and circuit of Aldh1a1 neurons but also provide a cellular point of entry to an important but understudied synaptic mechanism for the induction of impulsive behaviors at an early stage of AD.

关键词： Aldh1a1 neurons synaptic circuits Delay of gratification Impulsive behaviors Alzheimer's disease

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Distribution of FMRFamide-related peptides and co-localization with glutamate in Cupiennius salei, an invertebrate model system

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CELL AND TISSUE RESEARCH 2019年第1期376卷 83-96页

作者： Tarr, Emily A. Fidler, Brian M. Gee, Kyrstin E. Anderson, Carly M. Jager, Anna K. Gallagher, Neil M. Carroll, Kaelyn P. Fabian-Fine, Ruth St Michaels Coll Dept Biol One Winooski PkBox 283 Colchester VT 05439 USA

FMRFamide-related proteins have been described in both vertebrate and invertebrate nervous systems and have been suggested to play important roles in a variety of physiological processes. One proposed function is the modulation of signal transduction in mechanosensory neurons and their associated behavioral pathways in the Central American wandering spider Cupiennius salei;however, little is known about the distribution and abundance of FMRFamide-related proteins (FaRPs) within this invertebrate system. We employ immunohistochemistry, Hoechst nuclear stain and confocal microscopy of serial sections to detect, characterize and quantify FMRFamide-like immunoreactive neurons throughout all ganglia of the spider brain and along leg muscle. Within the different ganglia, between 3.4 and 12.6% of neurons showed immunolabeling. Among the immunoreactive cells, weakly and strongly labeled neurons could be distinguished. Between 71.4 and 81.7% of labeled neurons showed weak labeling, with 18.3 to 28.6% displaying strong labeling intensity. Among the weakly labeled neurons were characteristic motor neurons that have previously been shown to express ?-aminobutyric acid or glutamate. Ultrastructural investigations of neuromuscular junctions revealed mixed presynaptic vesicle populations including large electron-dense vesicles characteristic of neuropeptides. Double labeling for glutamate and FaRPs indicated that a subpopulation of neurons may co-express both neuroactive compounds. Our findings suggest that FaRPs are expressed throughout all ganglia and that different neurons have different expression levels. We conclude that FaRPs are likely utilized as neuromodulators in roughly 8% of neurons in the spider nervous system and that the main transmitter in a subpopulation of these neurons is likely glutamate.

关键词： Spider central nervous system synaptic circuits Co-transmission Neuromuscular junctions Neuropeptides

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A Memristive Multilayer Cellular Neural Network With Applications to Image Processing

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL NETWORKS AND LEARNING SYSTEMS 2017年第8期28卷 1889-1901页

作者： Hu, Xiaofang Feng, Gang Duan, Shukai Liu, Lu Southwest Univ Sch Comp & Informat Sci Chongqing 400715 Peoples R China City Univ Hong Kong Dept Mech & Biomed Engn Hong Kong Hong Kong Peoples R China Southwest Univ Coll Elect & Informat Engn Chongqing 400715 Peoples R China

The memristor has been extensively studied in electrical engineering and biological sciences as a means to compactly implement the synaptic function in neural networks. The cellular neural network (CNN) is one of the most implementable artificial neural network models and capable of massively parallel analog processing. In this paper, a novel memristive multilayer CNN (Mm-CNN) model is presented along with its performance analysis and applications. In this new CNN design, the memristor crossbar circuit acts as the synapse, which realizes one signed synaptic weight with a pair of memristors and performs the synaptic weighting compactly and linearly. Moreover, the complex weighted summation is executed in an efficient way with a proper design of Mm-CNN cell circuits. The proposed Mm-CNN has several merits, such as compactness, nonvolatility, versatility, and programmability of synaptic weights. Its performance in several image processing applications is illustrated through simulations.

关键词： Image processing memristors multilayer cellular neural networks (CNNs) stability synaptic circuits

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Persistent modifications of hippocampal synaptic function during remote spatial memory

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NEUROBIOLOGY OF LEARNING AND MEMORY 2017年第0期138卷 182-197页

作者： Pavlowsky, Alice Wallace, Emma Fenton, Andre A. Alarcon, Juan Marcos Suny Downstate Med Ctr Dept Pathol Robert F Furchgott Ctr Neural & Behav Sci 450 Clarkson Ave Brooklyn NY 11203 USA Suny Downstate Med Ctr Robert F Furchgott Ctr Neural & Behav 450 Clarkson Ave Brooklyn NY 11203 USA Suny Downstate Med Ctr Grad Program Neural & Behav Sci 450 Clarkson Ave Brooklyn NY 11203 USA Suny Downstate Med Ctr Dept Physiol & Pharmacol 450 Clarkson Ave Brooklyn NY 11203 USA NYU Ctr Neural Sci 4 Washington Pl New York NY 10003 USA Ecole Super Phys & Chim Ind Ville Paris Brain Plast Unit CNRS UMR 8249 10 Rue Vauquelin F-75005 Paris France

A widely accepted notion for a process underlying memory formation is that learning changes the efficacy of synapses by the mechanism of synaptic plasticity. While there is compelling evidence of changes in synaptic efficacy observed after learning, demonstration of persistent synaptic changes accompanying memory has been elusive. We report that acquisition of a hippocampus and long-term potentiation dependent place memory persistently changes the function of CA1 synapses. Using extracellular recordings we measured CA3-CA1 and EC-CA1 synaptic responses and found robust changes in the CA3-CA1 pathway after memory training. Crucially, these changes in synaptic function lasted at least a month and coincided with the persistence of long-term place memories;the changes were only observed in animals that expressed robust memory, and not in animals with poor memory recall. Interestingly, our findings were observed at the level of populations of synapses;suggesting that memory formation recruits widespread synaptic circuits and persistently reorganizes their function to store information. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hippocampus Memory CA1 synaptic circuits Remote memory Schema Active place avoidance synaptic plasticity

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