经尿道前列腺电切术(transurethral resection of the prostate,TURP)为针对临床上药物治疗失败的良性前列腺增生(benign prostatic hyperplasia,BPH)患者的首选术式,其术后常见并发症之一为膀胱颈挛缩(bladder neck contracture,BNC)...
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经尿道前列腺电切术(transurethral resection of the prostate,TURP)为针对临床上药物治疗失败的良性前列腺增生(benign prostatic hyperplasia,BPH)患者的首选术式,其术后常见并发症之一为膀胱颈挛缩(bladder neck contracture,BNC)。术中对膀胱颈的过分切削、尿路感染、液体冲刷、机械应力等均为促进BNC的发病因素。TURP术后BNC的诊断需要依靠临床症状及必要的辅助检查,如膀胱镜检查等共同确定,术前合并慢性前列腺炎、小体积BPH、尿路感染、术中电切和电凝强度、术中操作、术后留置尿管等可作为BNC发生的重要预测因素。在药物治疗BNC总体效果不佳的情况下,应合理选择包括膀胱颈切开及膀胱颈重建在内的手术治疗。而术前对感染的控制及抗雄激素药物的合理应用、术中的精细操作、术后的通畅引流及糖皮质激素应用均可作为预防BNC的有效措施。
Background Locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) is one of the subgroups of invasive breast *** treatment of LABC is neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) before surgery,which is different from the other *** study aimed to a...
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Background Locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) is one of the subgroups of invasive breast *** treatment of LABC is neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) before surgery,which is different from the other *** study aimed to analyze and compare the characteristics of conventional ultrasound,contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) and strain elastography (SE) in LABC patients who have different treatment outcomes,and to provide help for LABC in the imaging diagnosis and clinic *** From May 2018 to April 2019,36 patients (40 lesions) of LABC were enrolled,which diagnosed by puncture *** to the clinical evaluation,these patients were recommended to undergo pre-operative NAC followed by *** patients underwent conventional ultrasound,CEUS and SE before *** to postoperative pathological grading and follow-up,the patients were divided into effective and ineffective *** summarized and compared the features of conventional ultrasound,CEUS and SE of patients in two *** correlation between the imaging characteristics and the postoperative pathological grading was also *** Conventional ultrasonic features of LABC:the most lesions of LABC were mass type (80.0%,32/40),and all lesions were *** of lesions showed unclear boundaries (39/40,97.5%),heterogeneous echoes (38/40,95.0%),and internal calcifications (24/40,60.0%),Most of lesions had hyperechoic halos (31/40,77.5%),aspect ratio less than or equal to 1 (34/40,85.0%),and blood flow grading wasⅢ(36/40,90.0%).CEUS features of LABC:Compared with the surrounding normal tissues,all the lesions (40/40,100.0%)were highly *** of lesions (35/40,87.5%) were uneven *** main enhancement mode was"fast in and slow out"(39/40,97.5%).There were totally 25 lesions which had"solar sign"(25/40,62.5%).SE features of LABC:The average visual elastography score of the lesions was 4.28±0.67,the maximum strain rate (El) of the lesions avera
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