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arXiv 2019年

作者： Ota, Yasutomo Takata, Kenta Ozawa, Tomoki Amo, Alberto Jia, Zhetao Kante, Boubacar Notomi, Masaya Arakawa, Yasuhiko Iwamoto, Satoshi Institute for Nano Quantum Information Electronics University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba Meguro-ku Tokyo153-8505 Japan Nanophotonics Center and Ntt Basic Research Laboratories Ntt Corporation 3-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya Atsugi Kanagawa243-0198 Japan Riken Wako Saitama351-0198 Japan Université de Lille Cnrs Umr 8523 PhLAM-Physique des Lasers Atomes et Molécules LilleF-59000 France Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Physics Tokyo Institute of Technology H-55 Ookayama 2-12-1 Meguro152-8550 Institute of Industrial Science University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba Meguro-ku Tokyo153-8505 Japan Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba Meguro-ku Tokyo153-8505 Japan

Topological photonics has emerged as a novel route to engineer the flow of light. Topologically-protected photonic edge modes, which are supported at the perimeters of topologically-nontrivial insulating bulk structures, have been of particular interest as they may enable low-loss optical waveguides immune to structural disorder. Very recently, there is a sharp rise of interest in introducing gain materials into such topological photonic structures, primarily aiming at revolutionizing semiconductor lasers with the aid of physical mechanisms existing in topological physics. Examples of remarkable realizations are topological lasers with unidirectional light output under time-reversal symmetry breaking and topologically-protected polariton and micro/nano-cavity lasers. Moreover, the introduction of gain and loss provides a fascinating playground to explore novel topological phases, which are in close relevance to non-Hermitian and parity-time symmetric quantum physics and are in general difficult to access using fermionic condensed matter systems. Here, we review the cutting-edge research on active topological photonics, in which optical gain plays a pivotal role. We discuss recent realizations of topological lasers of various kinds, together with the underlying physics explaining the emergence of topological edge modes. In such demonstrations, the optical modes of the topological lasers are determined by the dielectric structures and support lasing oscillation with the help of optical gain. We also address recent researches on topological photonic systems in which gain and loss themselves essentially influence on topological properties of the bulk systems. We believe that active topological photonics provides powerful means to advance micro/nanophotonics systems for diverse applications and topological physics itself as well. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Topology

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Resonant photoemission spectroscopy of gamma irradiated VO2 films

Resonant photoemission spectroscopy of gamma irradiated VO2 ...

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MRS Advances

作者： Madiba, I.G. Braun, A. Émond, N. Chaker, M. Tadadjeu, S.I. Khanyile, B.S. Maaza, M. Muckleneuk Ridge PO Box 392 Pretoria South Africa ETH Zurich Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ZurichCH-8057 Switzerland IThemba LABS-National Research Foundation 1 Old Faure Road Somerset West PO Box 722 Somerset West Western Cape Province7129 South Africa Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories Materials Science and Technology DübendorfCH-8600 Switzerland Department of Electrical Electronics and Computer Engineering French South African Institute of Technology Cape Peninsula University of Technology Bellville campus PO Box 1906 Bellville7530 South Africa 1650 Blvd. Lionel-Boulet VarennesQCJ3X 1S2 Canada

Vanadium dioxide thin films are considered as smart functional coatings for thermal shielding, and are attractive as a passive thermal shield for spacecrafts. In space they would, however, be subjected to bombardment by interstellar dust particles and electromagnetic radiation. Materials subjected to irradiation will suffer damages induced by the displacement cascades initiated by nuclear reaction. Such cosmic radiation can severely impact the structure and function of materials. To study this effect in the laboratory, we have deposited VO2 films on silicon wafers and exposed them to γ-radiation of doses up to 100 kGy by using a60Co nuklid source with 1.17 and 1.33 MeV photon energy. We anticipate that the γ-radiation causes local structural perturbations which can amount to defects with a corresponding change in electronic structure and thermal shielding property. We report on the photo emission spectroscopy of gamma irradiated VO2 thin films. © 2018 Materials Research Society.

关键词： Thin films

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Atomic scale characterization of graphene p-n junctions for electron-optical applications

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Zhou, Xiaodong Kerelsky, Alexander Elahi, Mirza M. Wang, Dennis Habib, K. M. Masum Sajjad, Redwan N. Agnihotri, Pratik Lee, Ji Ung Ghosh, Avik W. Ross, Frances M. Pasupathy, Abhay N. Department of Physics Columbia University New YorkNY10027 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Virginia CharlottesvilleVA22904 United States Department of Physics University of Virginia CharlottesvilleVA22904 United States College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering State University of New York at Albany AlbanyNY12203 United States IBM T. J. Watson Research Center Yorktown HeightNY10598 United States Microsystems Technology Laboratories Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States

Graphene p-n junctions offer a potentially powerful approach towards controlling electron trajectories via collimation and focusing in ballistic solid-state devices. The ability of p-n junctions to control electron trajectories depends crucially on the doping profile and roughness of the junction. Here, we use four-probe scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM/STS) to characterize two state-of-the-art graphene p-n junction geometries at the atomic scale, one with CMOS polySi gates and another with naturally cleaved graphite gates. Using spectroscopic imaging, we characterize the local doping profile across and along the p-n junctions. We find that realistic junctions exhibit non-ideality both in their geometry as well as in the doping profile across the junction. We show that the geometry of the junction can be improved by using the cleaved edge of van der Waals metals such as graphite to define the junction. We quantify the geometric roughness and doping profiles of junctions experimentally and use these parameters in Nonequilibrium Green's Function based simulations of focusing and collimation in these realistic junctions. We find that for realizing Veselago focusing, it is crucial to minimize lateral interface roughness which only natural graphite gates achieve, and to reduce junction width, in which both devices under investigation underperform. We also find that carrier collimation is currently limited by the non-linearity of the doping profile across the junction. Our work provides benchmarks of the current graphene p-n junction quality and provides guidance for future improvements. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Focusing

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Investigating the optical properties of a novel 3D self- assembled metamaterial made of carbon intercalated with bimetal nanoparticles

Investigating the optical properties of a novel 3D self- ass...

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Novel Optical Materials and Applications, NOMA 2018

作者： Butt, Muhammad Abdullah Neugebauer, Martin Lesina, Antonino Calà Ramunno, Lora Berini, Pierre Vaccari, Alessandro Bauer, Thomas Manshina, Alina A. Banzer, Peter Leuchs, Gerd Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light Erlangen91058 Germany Institute of Optics Information and Photonics University Erlangen-Nuremberg Erlangen91058 Germany School of Advanced Optical Technologies University Erlangen-Nuremberg Erlangen91052 Germany Department of Physics University of Ottawa OttawaONK1N 6N5 Canada Centre for Research in Photonics University of Ottawa OttawaONK1N 6N5 Canada Max Planck University of Ottawa Centre for Extreme and Quantum Photonics OttawaK1N 6N5 Canada School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Ottawa OttawaONK1N 6N5 Canada Centre for Materials and Microsystems Fondazione Bruno Kessler Trento32123 Italy Department of Quantum Nanoscience Delft University of Technology Delft2628 CJ Netherlands Institute of Chemistry St. Petersburg State University St. Petersburg Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9781943580439

We investigate the optical properties of a self-assembled three-dimensional metamaterial consisting of novel carbon allotrope intercalated with gold-silver alloy nanoparticles. For our experimental study we use a microscopic Müller matrix measurement technique. The metamaterial exhibits strong linear birefringence in the visible spectral range as a direct consequence of the crystal structure of the carbon matrix, holding an immense potential for future applications. © 2018 The Author(s).

关键词： Optical properties

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Size effect on memristive properties of nanocrystalline ZnO film for resistive synaptic devices

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2018年第8期1124卷

作者： N A Shandyba I V Panchenko R V Tominov V A Smirnov M I Pelipenko E G Zamburg Y H Chu Department of Nanotechnology and Microsystems Southern Federal University Taganrog 347928 Russia UAC company BERIEV Taganrog 347923 Russia Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering National University of Singapore 117582 Singapore Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 1001 Taiwan Department of Electrophysics National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 1001 Taiwan Institute of Physics Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan Material and Chemical Research Laboratories Industrial Technology Research Institute Hsinchu 31040 Taiwan

Size effect on memristive properties of nanocrystalline ZnO film was investigated. It was shown, ZnO film thickness increase from 6.23±1.54 nm to 47.60±8.12 nm leads to high-resistance state (HRS) increase from 3.26±2.14 MΩ to 700.32±300.83 MΩ and low-resistance state (LRS) from 0.03±0.02 MΩ to 0.09±0.03 MΩ, respectively. The HRS/LRS ratio increases from 108 to 7742. The results can be useful for based on nanocrystalline ZnO films resistive synaptic devices manufacturing.

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Corrigendum to “Thin-film Si 1 − x Ge x HIT solar cells” [Solar Energy 103 (2014) 154–159]

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Solar Energy 2017年 153卷 781-781页

作者： Sabina Abdul Hadi Pouya Hashemi Nicole DiLello Evelina Polyzoeva Ammar Nayfeh Judy L. Hoyt Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS) Masdar Institute of Science and Technology 54224 Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Microsystems Technology Laboratories MIT Cambridge MA 02139 USA

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Gene expression imputation across multiple brain regions provides insights into schizophrenia risk (vol 51, pg 659, 2019)

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NATURE GENETICS 2019年第6期51卷 1068-1068页

作者： Huckins, Laura M. Dobbyn, Amanda Ruderfer, Douglas M. Hoffman, Gabriel Wang, Weiqing Pardinas, Antonio F. Rajagopal, Veera M. Als, Thomas D. Nguyen, Hoang T. Girdhar, Kiran Boocock, James Roussos, Panos Fromer, Menachem Kramer, Robin Domenici, Enrico Gamazon, Eric R. Purcell, Shaun Demontis, Ditte Borglum, Anders D. Walters, James T. R. O'Donovan, Michael C. Sullivan, Patrick Owen, Michael J. Devlin, Bernie Sieberts, Solveig K. Cox, Nancy J. Im, Hae Kyung Sklar, Pamela Stahl, Eli A. Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA Department of Genetics and Genomics Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA Department of Psychiatry Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics Cardiff University Cardiff UK Department of Biomedicine Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research iPSYCH Denmark Center for Integrative Sequencing Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark Department of Human Genetics David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA USA Human Brain Collection Core National Institute of Mental Health Bethesda MD USA Laboratory of Neurogenomic Biomarkers Centre for Integrative Biology (CIBIO) University of Trento Trento Italy Clare Hall University of Cambridge Cambridge UK University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC USA Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden Department of Psychiatry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA Systems Biology Sage Bionetworks Seattle WA USA Section of Genetic Medicine Department of Medicine University of Chicago Chicago IL USA Integrated Technology Research Laboratories Pharmaceutical Research Division Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited Fujisawa Japan Neuropsychiatry Section Department of Psychiatry Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA Neuropsychiatric Signaling Program Department of Psychiatry Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA Psychiatry JJ Peters Virginia Medical Center Bronx NY USA Department of Neuroscience Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York NY USA Friedman Brain Institute

Transcriptomic imputation approaches combine eQTL reference panels with large-scale genotype data in order to test associations between disease and gene expression. These genic associations could elucidate signals in complex genome-wide association study (GWAS) loci and may disentangle the role of different tissues in disease development. We used the largest eQTL reference panel for the dorso-lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) to create a set of gene expression predictors and demonstrate their utility. We applied DLPFC and 12 GTEx-brain predictors to 40,299 schizophrenia cases and 65,264 matched controls for a large transcriptomic imputation study of schizophrenia. We identified 413 genic associations across 13 brain regions. Stepwise conditioning identified 67 non-MHC genes, of which 14 did not fall within previous GWAS loci. We identified 36 significantly enriched pathways, including hexosaminidase-A deficiency, and multiple porphyric disorder pathways. We investigated developmental expression patterns among the 67 non-MHC genes and identified specific groups of pre- and postnatal expression.

关键词： Gene expression Genome-wide association studies Schizophrenia Transcriptomics

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26th Annual Computational Neuroscience Meeting (CNS*2017) of the Organization for Computational Neuroscience Antwerp, Belgium, July 15-20, 2017

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BMC NEUROscience 2017年第SUPPL 1期18卷 59-59页

作者： [Anonymous] Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis Indianapolis IN 46032 USA Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN 46032 USA Department of Mathematics East Carolina University Greenville NC 27858 USA Jülich Supercomputing Centre Forschungszentrum Jülich 52425 Jülich Germany Future Systems Swiss National Supercomputing Centre 8092 Zurich Switzerland User Engagement and Support Swiss National Supercomputing Centre 6900 Lugano Switzerland Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes Aix Marseille Univ 13005 Marseille France Simulation Lab Neuroscience Forschungszentrum Jülich Jülich Germany Department of Experimental Psychology Ghent University 9000 Ghent Belgium Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging Radboud University 6525HR Nijmegen The Netherlands Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering University of Colorado Boulder CO 80309 USA Department of Neurosurgery Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21287 USA Department of Neurology Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21287 USA Department of Otolaryngology Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21287 USA INSERM U968 Paris France Sorbonne Universités UPMC University Paris 06 UMR_S 968 Institut de la Vision Paris France CNRS UMR_7210 Paris France Department of Computer Architecture and Technology University of Granada (CITIC) Granada Spain Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06 INSERM CNRS Institut de la Vision Paris France Department of Adaptive Machine Systems Osaka University Osaka Japan Department of Computer Science University of Cergy-Pontoise Cergy-Pontoise France Department of Physics and Astronomy College of Charleston Charleston SC 29424 USA School of Physics Faculty of Science University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia Center of Excellence for Integrative Brain Function Australian Research Council Sydney Australia Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences Saxony Lei

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Carotid Arterial Blood Pressure Waveform Monitoring Using a Portable Ultrasound System

Carotid Arterial Blood Pressure Waveform Monitoring Using a ...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

作者： Joohyun Seo Sabino J. Pietrangelo Hae-Seung Lee Charles G. Sodini the Microsystems Technology Laboratories Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781424492695

This work presents a non-invasive arterial blood pressure (ABP) waveform monitoring technique using ultrasound. A portable ultrasound system to excite ultrasound transducers and acquire data is designed with off-the-shelf components. The insonation angles are identified using a vector Doppler technique based on the cosine dependency of the Doppler signals. The pulse pressure of an estimated waveform at the left common carotid artery is compared to the standard sphygmomanometer measurement in a clinical test. The estimated carotid ABP waveform shows excellent agreement to the finger ABP waveform with expected discrepancy of the systolic peak shape due to different measurement sites. The proposed method also tracks slow blood pressure fluctuations. This validation on human subjects shows potential for a noninvasive blood pressure waveform monitoring device at central arterial sites.

关键词： cosine dependency systolic peak shape a noninvasive blood Left Common Carotid Artery Pulse Pressure waveforms Blood Pressure ABP Doppler effect human subject blood pressure fluctuation Ultrasonic Waves Arterial Pressure

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Space QUEST mission proposal: Experimentally testing decoherence due to gravity

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Joshi, Siddarth Koduru Pienaar, Jacques Ralph, Timothy C. Cacciapuoti, Luigi McCutcheon, Will Rarity, John Giggenbach, Dirk Lim, Jin Gyu Makarov, Vadim Fuentes, Ivette Scheidl, Thomas Beckert, Erik Bourennane, Mohamed Bruschi, David Edward Cabello, Adan Capmany, Jose Carrasco-Casado, Alberto Diamanti, Eleni Dusek, Miloslav Elser, Dominique Gulinatti, Angelo Hadfield, Robert H. Jennewein, Thomas Kaltenbaek, Rainer Krainak, Michael A. Lo, Hoi-Kwong Marquardt, Christoph Milburn, Gerard Peev, Momtchil Poppe, Andreas Pruneri, Valerio Renner, Renato Salomon, Christophe Skaar, Johannes Solomos, Nikolaos Stipčević, Mario Torres, Juan P. Toyoshima, Morio Villoresi, Paolo Walmsley, Ian Weihs, Gregor Weinfurter, Harald Zeilinger, Anton Zukowski, Marek Ursin, Rupert Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information Austrian Academy of Sciences Boltzmanngasse 3 ViennaA-1090 Austria Centre for Quantum Computation & Communication Technology Department of Physics University of Queensland St LuciaQLD4072 Australia European Space Agency Keplerlaan 1 - P.O. Box 299 AG Noordwijk ZH2200 Netherlands Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Bristol Merchant Venturers Building Woodland Road BristolBS8 1UB United Kingdom German Aerospace Center Institute of Communications and Navigation Muenchner Strasse 20 Wessling82234 Germany Institute for Quantum Computing Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada Institute for Quantum Computing Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada Precision Engineering Department Fraunhofer IOF Albert-Einstein-Straße 7 Jena07745 Germany Physics department Stockholm University Albanova universitetscentrum Universitetsvägen 10 Stockholm114 18 Sweden York Centre for Quantum Technologies Department of Physics University of York HeslingtonYO10 5DD United Kingdom University of Seville SevillaE-41012 Spain iTEAM Research Institute Universitat Politcnica de Valencia Valencia46022 Spain 4-2-1 Nukui-Kitamachi Koganei Tokyo184-8795 Japan CNRS Universite Pierre et Marie Curie Paris75005 France Department of Optics Faculty of Science Palacky University 17. Iistopadu 12 Olomouc772 00 Czech Republic Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light Bldg. 24 Günther-Scharowsky Str. 1 ErlangenD-91058 Germany Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32 Milano20133 Italy School of Engineering University of Glasgow GlasgowG12 8LT United Kingdom Vienna Center of Quantum Science and Technology Faculty of Physics University of Vienna Boltzmanngasse 5 ViennaA-1090 Austria NASA Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMD20771 United States Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Con

Models of quantum systems on curved space-times lack sufficient experimental verification. Some speculative theories suggest that quantum properties, such as entanglement, may exhibit entirely different behavior to purely classical systems. By measuring this effect or lack thereof, we can test the hypotheses behind several such models. For instance, as predicted by Ralph and coworkers [T C Ralph, G J Milburn, and T Downes, Phys. Rev. A, 79(2):22121, 2009;T C Ralph and J Pienaar, New Journal of Physics, 16(8):85008, 2014], a bipartite entangled system could decohere if each particle traversed through a different gravitational field gradient. We propose to study this effect in a ground to space uplink scenario. We extend the above theoretical predictions of Ralph and coworkers and discuss the scientific consequences of detecting/failing to detect the predicted gravitational decoherence. We present a detailed mission design of the European Space Agency's (ESA) Space QUEST (Space - Quantum Entanglement Space Test) mission, and study the feasibility of the mission scheme. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quantum entanglement

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