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IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference

作者： Valentina Bello Atakan B. Ari M. Selim Hanay Kamil L. Ekinci Dept. of Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering University of Pavia Pavia Italy Department of Mechanical Engineering Boston University Boston United States of America Department of Mechanical Engineering Bilkent University Ankara Turkey

ISBN: (数字)9781728144603

ISBN: (纸本)9781728144610

In this work, we describe a method to measure and characterize the mechanical properties of nano-electro-mechanical systems (NEMS) based on laser interferometry. The resonant mechanical modes of doubly-clamped nanomechanical beam resonators were first characterized using their thermal fluctuations in air. Afterwards, the NEMS devices were electro-thermally actuated, and their frequency responses were measured, also in air. The main novelty in this work is the simultaneous use of two electro-thermal actuators integrated on opposite ends of the NEMS, which could selectively actuate higher order modes based on the relative phase difference (of 0°, 45° or 90°) applied between the two actuators. All the measurements were carried out in a homodyne Michelson interferometer, allowing for ultrasensitive non-contact, non-invasive, remote, and non-destructive analysis.

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Fiber-based optical trapping of yeast cells as near-field magnifying lenses for parallel subwavelength imaging

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Jiang, Chunlei Yue, Hangyu Yan, Bing Dong, Taiji Cui, Xiangyu Wang, Zengbo College of Electrical and Information Engineering Northeast Petroleum University Daqing163318 China School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Bangor University Dean Street Gwynedd BangorLL57 1UT United Kingdom Center of Optics Health Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 88 Keling Street Jiangsu Suzhou215163 China College of Computer and Information Technology Northeast Petroleum University Daqing163318 China

Subwavelength imaging by microsphere lenses is a promising label-free super-resolution imaging technique. There is a growing interest to use live cells to replace the widely used non-biological microsphere lenses. In this work, we demonstrate the use of yeast cells for such imaging purpose. Using fiber-based optical trapping technique, we successfully trapped a chain of yeast cells and bring them to the vicinity of imaging objects. These yeast cells work as near-field magnifying lenses and simultaneously pick up the sub-diffraction information of the nanoscale objects under each cell and project them into the far-field. Blu-ray disc of 100 nm feature can be clearly resolved in a parallel manner by each cell, thus effectively increasing the imaging field of view and imaging efficiency. Our work will contribute to the further development of more advanced bio-superlens imaging system. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Microspheres

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Prediction of DNA Hepatitis C Virus based on Recurrent Neural Network-Back Propagation through Time (RNN-BPTT)

Prediction of DNA Hepatitis C Virus based on Recurrent Neura...

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2019 International Conference on Advanced Mechatronics, Intelligent Manufacture and Industrial Automation, ICAMIMIA 2019

作者： Al Kindhi, Berlian Sardjono, Tri Arief Hery Purnomo, M. Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Department of Electrical Automation Engineering Surabaya Indonesia Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Biomedical Engineering Surabaya Indonesia Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Computer Engineering Surabaya Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781728130903

Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) is one virus that has a high mutation rate in the world. To predict the mutation can be used fundamental analysis and technical analysis. Fundamental analysis relies on external factors such as attributes attached to the primer and the isolate. While technical analysis learns the movement of the mutation itself by relying on graphs and mathematical formulas. This study combines fundamental analysis and technical analysis in predicting HCV mutations. Application of Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) method as a form of technical analysis and fundamental analysis is applied in the form of including some fundamental factor data as training datasets. RNN is a neural network that has a feedback connection to the neuron itself, or a previous neuron. RNN is able to reactivate actual data values in the past to be re-entered with actual data values at the moment. This study used Elman network architecture with Back Propagation Through Time learning algorithm (BPTT) and used Linear normalization. The problem when predicting HCV mutations is how to determine the best learning rate value. Therefore the fundamental approach will also be incorporated into the neural network. On the backward process, to calculate the value of weight correction is to multiply the value of learning rate with hidden neuron value. We propose that each neuron has an adaptive learning rate according to the condition of the neuron. Where each input neuron from this study is the result of the HCV primer normalized in preliminary research. Each primer has attributes that can be developed as decision support. Test results show the smallest error of the prediction process by RMSE are 0.0163000, with accuracy prediction value are 99%. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Forecasting

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All-optical Reconfiguration of Ultrafast Dichroism in Gold Metasurfaces

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Schirato, Andrea Toma, Andrea Zaccaria, Remo Proietti Alabastri, Alessandro Cerullo, Giulio Della Valle, Giuseppe Maiuri, Margherita Dipartimento di Fisica Politecnico di Milano P.zza Leonardo da Vinci 32 Milan20133 Italy Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia via Morego 30 Genoa16163 Italy Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo315201 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University 66100 Main Street HoustonTX77005 United States Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche P.zza Leonardo da Vinci 32 Milan20133 Italy

Optical metasurfaces have come into the spotlight as a promising platform for light manipulation at the nanoscale, including ultrafast all-optical control via excitation with femtosecond laser pulses. Recently, dichroic metasurfaces have been exploited to modulate the polarization state of light with unprecedented speed. Here, we theoretically predict and experimentally demonstrate by pump-probe spectroscopy the capability to reconfigure the ultrafast dichroic signal of a gold metasurface by simply acting on the polarization of the pump pulse, which is shown to reshape the spatio-temporal distribution of the optical perturbation. The photoinduced anisotropic response, driven by out-of-equilibrium carriers and extinguished in a sub-picosecond temporal window, is readily controlled in intensity by tuning the polarization direction of the excitation up to a full sign reversal. This work proves that nonlinear metasurfaces offer the flexibility to tailor their ultrafast optical response in a fully all-optically reconfigurable platform. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Optical switches

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Elucidating the Origin of Heterogeneous Anomalous Diffusion in the Cytoplasm of Mammalian Cells

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Physical Review Letters 2020年第5期125卷 058101-058101页

作者： Adal Sabri Xinran Xu Diego Krapf Matthias Weiss Experimental Physics I University of Bayreuth D-95440 Bayreuth Germany Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado 80523 USA School of Biomedical Engineering Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado 80523 USA

Diffusion of tracer particles in the cytoplasm of mammalian cells is often anomalous with a marked heterogeneity even within individual particle trajectories. Despite considerable efforts, the mechanisms behind these observations have remained largely elusive. To tackle this problem, we performed extensive single-particle tracking experiments on quantum dots in the cytoplasm of living mammalian cells at varying conditions. Analyses of the trajectories reveal a strong, microtubule-dependent subdiffusion with antipersistent increments and a substantial heterogeneity. Furthermore, particles stochastically switch between different mobility states, most likely due to transient associations with the cytoskeleton-shaken endoplasmic reticulum network. Comparison to simulations highlight that all experimental observations can be fully described by an intermittent fractional Brownian motion, alternating between two states of different mobility.

关键词： Anomalous diffusion Cell processes & properties Fractional Brownian motion Intracellular transport Noise Cellular compartments

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Deep learning-based image reconstruction in optical coherence tomography using undersampled spectral data

Deep learning-based image reconstruction in optical coherenc...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Yijie Zhang Tairan Liu Manmohan Singh Ege Çetintaş Yilin Luo Yair Rivenson Kirill V. Larin Aydogan Ozcan Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of California Los Angeles CA USA Bioengineering Department University of California Los Angeles CA USA California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI) University of California Los Angeles CA USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Houston Houston TX USA Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Baylor College of Medicine University of Houston Houston TX USA Department of Surgery David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles CA USA

We present a deep learning-based image reconstruction method in swept-source optical coherent tomography (OCT) using undersampled spectral data. This method can improve the imaging speed without the need for any hardw... 详细信息

ISBN: (数字)9781957171050

ISBN: (纸本)9781665466660

关键词： Optical coherence tomography Neural networks Optical computing Coherence Optical fiber networks Lasers and electrooptics Optical imaging

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Low cost carbon fiber as potential lightning strike protection for wind turbine blades 35

Low cost carbon fiber as potential lightning strike protecti...

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35th Annual American Society for Composites Technical Conference, ASC 2020

作者： Kumar, Vipin Kore, Surbhi Subash Theodore, Merlin Wang, Yeqing Yousefpour, Kamran Lin, Wenhua Park, Chanyeop Vaidya, Uday Kunc, Vlastimil KnoxvilleTN37932 United States Department of Mechanical Aerospace and Biomedical Engineering University of Tennessee Estabrook Rd KnoxvilleTN37996 United States Carbon Fiber Technology Facility Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN37830 United States Department of Aerospace Engineering Mississippi State University MS39762 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Mississippi State University MS39762 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781605956657

Until recently, glass fiber composites (GFRP) were the preferred choice to prepare wind turbine blades due to their low cost compared to their counterpart carbon fiber composites (CFRP). However, to harvest the maximum wind energy, ever larger wind turbine blades are being manufactured. To support such a large structure carbon fiber composites CFRP have become the integral part of load bearing structures in the blade. In this work, we are proposing to utilize the low cost carbon fiber (LCCF), manufactured at Carbon Fiber Technology Facility (CFTF) of Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) as not only the cost effective alternative to the currently used carbon fiber (CF) but also as the lightning strike protection of the wind turbine blades. A textile-grade precursor was used to prepare LCCF. Wind turbines often get hit by lightning strikes due to their operating locations. LCCF can provide structural integrity to these gigantic structures and mitigate the effect of lightning strike on them by effectively dissipating the current. Two composite panels made of LCCF were tested against artificial lightning strikes of 100 kA and 200 kA (component A of lightning waveform SAE ARP 5412-B). The results showed 100 % residual mechanical properties of LCCF composite due to their high electrical conductivity both in-plane (38 S/cm) and in through-thickness direction (0.27 S/cm). There was no significant damage (fiber breakage, resin evaporation or delamination) in both the cases. © ASC 2020.

关键词： Wind turbine blades

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Nerve stimulator for regional anaesthesia procedures with automatic interactive closed-loop control

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Journal of Medical engineering and Technology 2018年第7期42卷 553-561页

作者： Ferri, Carlos A. Quevedo, Antonio A. F. Department of Biomedical Engineering School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Campinas Campinas Brazil Center of Biomedical Engineering University of Campinas Campinas Brazil

Peripheral nerve stimulators have widespread among anaesthesiologists and remain a popular technique. However, in commercial devices, the user has to manually adjust stimulus intensity. Thus, the aim of this study is to propose a method that allows automating the current intensity control. An earlier nerve stimulator prototype was modified to add an accelerometer and an sEMG module. The choice of these two sensors is aimed at the possibility of observing the mechanical and electrical responses of the muscle contraction evoked by the stimulation. The tests were performed in two steps. The first step was to observe how the sensors behave during stimulation and muscle contraction. The second step was to implement a control algorithm and to validate the automation technique. Comparing the two methods, no significant differences were found on procedure time (manual: 12.5 ± 2.3;automatic: 11.6 ± 1.9;ρ =0.380) and blockade latency time (manual: 11.6 ± 1.1;automatic: 11.9 ± 1.2;ρ =0.524). Comparing needle-nerve distance in manual or automatic mode, no significant differences were found for 1.0 mA, 0.8 mA, 0.5 mA and 0.3 mA. We conclude that the technique for automating the current intensity update, using accelerometer and/or electromyography, is satisfactory. Furthermore, we conclude that the use of the accelerometer alone is sufficient for detection of muscle contraction. © 2019, © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Accelerometers

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The Orion chipset for the X-gamma imaging spectrometer onboard of the THESEUS space mission

The Orion chipset for the X-gamma imaging spectrometer onboa...

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2020 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, NSS/MIC 2020

作者： Mele, Filippo Gandola, Massimo Grassi, Marco Labanti, Claudio Malcovati, Piero Bertuccio, Giuseppe Politecnico di Milano Como Campus Via Anzani 42 Como22100 Italy Italy The Department of Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering University of Pavia Via Ferrata 5 Pavia27100 Italy INAF OAS Bologna Via Gobetti 101 BolognaI-40129 Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781728176932

We present the design of a multichip Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), named ORION, for the front-end readout of the X-Gamma Imaging Spectrometer (XGIS) on-board the Transient High Energy Sky and Early Universe Surveyor (THESEUS) space mission. The XGIS instrument is composed by two cameras that operate as a wide field deep sky monitors with a broad energy range from 2 keV to 20 MeV, and it is based on a position sensitive double-detection mechanism for image reconstruction, in which a single pixel is constituted by a Thallium activated Cesium Iodide (CsI(Tl)) scintillator crystals and two Silicon Drift Detectors (SDDs) glued at both crystal ends, whose signal is collected, reconstructed and digitized by the presented ORION chipset. In each camera, the ORION chipset is organized in a constellation of 12 800 analog front-end chips (ORION-FE), closely connected to the SDD anodes, and 800 mixed signal multi-channel back-end chips (ORION-BE) for signal processing and digitalization, for a total 25 600 ORION-FE and 1 600 ORION-BE in the complete instrument. The back-end chips have two parallelized X and Gamma signal processors, for low-energy and high-energy photons respectively, which allow a tailored optimization on the noise and energy range requirements for each type of event. The chipset has an input dynamic range of 32 fC that allows to process signals with a linearity error below ±1.2% on the Gamma processor, and below ±0.1% on the X processor. The nominal Equivalent Noise Charge (ENC) of the system at -20 °C for an estimated detector leakage current of 0.7 pA is 12.5 el. r.m.s at 1 µs peaking time for the X processor, and 32.9 el. r.m.s. at 3 µs peaking time for the Gamma processor. The simulated power consumption is of 1.55 mW per pixel. © 2020 IEEE

关键词： Cameras

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Dynamic Spatiotemporal Graph Neural Network with Tensor Network

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2020年

作者： Jia, Chengcheng Wu, Bo Zhang, Xiao-Ping Department of Electrical Computer & Biomedical Engineering Ryerson University TorontoONM5B 2K3 Canada

Dynamic spatial graph construction is a challenge in graph neural network (GNN) for time series data problems. Although some adaptive graphs are conceivable, only a 2D graph is embedded in the network to reflect the current spatial relation, regardless of all the previous situations. In this work, we generate a spatial tensor graph (STG) to collect all the dynamic spatial relations, as well as a temporal tensor graph (TTG) to find the latent pattern along time at each node. These two tensor graphs share the same nodes and edges, which leading us to explore their entangled correlations by Projected Entangled Pair States (PEPS) to optimize the two graphs. We experimentally compare the accuracy and time costing with the state-of-the-art GNN based methods on the public traffic datasets. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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