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arXiv 2021年

作者： Wu, Liangmei Wang, Aiwei Shi, Jinan Yan, Jiahao Zhou, Zhang Bian, Ce Ma, Jiajun Ma, Ruisong Liu, Hongtao Chen, Jiancui Huang, Yuan Zhou, Wu Bao, Lihong Ouyang, Min Pennycook, Stephen J. Pantelides, Sokrates T. Gao, Hong-Jun Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences P. O. Box 603 Beijing100190 China Univ. of Chinese Acad. of Sciences and Cas Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation Chinese Academy of Sciences P. O. Box 603 Beijing100190 China Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan Guangdong523808 China Department of Physics College Park University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Centre for Advanced 2D Materials National University of Singapore 117575 Singapore Department of Physics and Astronomy and Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN37235 United States

Development of memory devices with ultimate performance has played a key role in innovation of modern electronics. As a mainstream technology nonvolatile memory devices have manifested high capacity and mechanical reliability, however current major bottlenecks include low extinction ratio and slow operational speed. Although substantial effort has been employed to improve their performance, a typical hundreds of micro-or even milli-second write time remains a few orders of magnitude longer than their volatile counterparts. We have demonstrated nonvolatile, floating-gate memory devices based on van der Waals heterostructures with atomically sharp interfaces between different functional elements, and achieved ultrahigh-speed programming/erasing operations verging on an ultimate theoretical limit of nanoseconds with extinction ratio up to 1010. This extraordinary performance has allowed new device capabilities such as multi-bit storage, thus opening up unforeseen applications in the realm of modern nanoelectronics and offering future fabrication guidelines for device scale-up. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Light extinction

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Time-Varying Convex Optimization: Time-Structured Algorithms and Applications

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Simonetto, Andrea Dall’Anese, Emiliano Paternain, Santiago Leus, Geert Giannakis, Georgios B. Optimization and Control Group of IBM Research Ireland Dublin Ireland College of Engineering and Applied Science University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering University of Pennsylvania Faculty of Electrical Mathematics and Computer Science Delft University of Technology Delft2628CD Netherlands Digital Technology Center University of Minnesota MinneapolisMN55455 United States

Optimization underpins many of the challenges that science and technology face on a daily basis. Recent years have witnessed a major shift from traditional optimization paradigms grounded on batch algorithms for medium-scale problems to challenging dynamic, time-varying, and even huge-size settings. This is driven by technological transformations that converted infrastructural and social platforms into complex and dynamic networked systems with even pervasive sensing and computing capabilities. The present paper reviews a broad class of state-of-the-art algorithms for time-varying optimization, with an eye to both algorithmic development and performance analysis. It offers a comprehensive overview of available tools and methods, and unveils open challenges in application domains of broad interest. The real-world examples presented include smart power systems, robotics, machine learning, and data analytics, highlighting domain-specific issues and solutions. The ultimate goal is to exempify wide engineering relevance of analytical tools and pertinent theoretical foundations. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Data Analytics

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Single pixel fourier computed tomography

Single pixel fourier computed tomography

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Novel Techniques in Microscopy, NTM 2019

作者： Stockton, Patrick A. Wernsing, Keith A. Field, Jeff J. Squier, Jeff Bartels, Randy A. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Colorado State University United States Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Colorado State University United States Microscope Imaging Network Foundational Core Facility Colorado State University United States School of Biomedical Engineering Colorado State University United States Center for Microintegrated Optics for Advanced Biological Control Department of Physics Colorado School of Mines United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781943580545

关键词： computerized tomography

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Quantum repeaters: From quantum networks to the quantum internet

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Azuma, Koji Economou, Sophia E. Elkouss, David Hilaire, Paul Jiang, Liang Lo, Hoi-Kwong Tzitrin, Ilan NTT Basic Research Laboratories NTT Corporation 3-1 Morinosato Wakamiya Kanagawa Atsugi243-0198 Japan NTT Research Center for Theoretical Quantum Physics NTT Corporation 3-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya Kanagawa Atsugi243-0198 Japan Department of Physics Virginia Tech BlacksburgVA24061 United States QuTech Delft University of Technology Lorentzweg 1 Delft2628 CJ Netherlands Networked Quantum Devices Unit Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University Okinawa Japan Quandela SAS 10 Boulevard Thomas Gobert Palaiseau91120 France Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering The University of Chicago ChicagoIL60637 United States Quantum Bridge Technologies Inc. 100 College Street TorontoONM5G 1L5 Canada Department of Physics University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Hong Kong Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Control Department of Physics Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Toronto TorontoM5S 3G4 Canada Department of Physics University of Toronto Toronto Canada

A quantum internet is the holy grail of quantum information processing, enabling the deployment of a broad range of quantum technologies and protocols on a global scale. However, numerous challenges exist before the quantum internet can become a reality. Perhaps the most crucial of these is the realization of a quantum repeater, an essential component in the long-distance transmission of quantum information. As the analog of a classical repeater, extender, or booster, the quantum repeater works to overcome loss and noise in the quantum channels comprising a quantum network. Here, we review the conceptual frameworks and architectures for quantum repeaters, as well as the experimental progress towards their realization. We also discuss the various near-term proposals to overcome the limits to the communication rates set by point-to-point quantum communication. Finally, we overview how quantum repeaters fit within the broader challenge of designing and implementing a quantum internet. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quantum optics

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Comparing relaxation mechanisms in quantum and classical transverse-field annealing

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Albash, Tameem Marshall, Jeffrey Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of New Mexico AlbuquerqueNM87131 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Center for Quantum Information and Control CQuIC University of New Mexico AlbuquerqueNM87131 United States QuAIL NASA Ames Research Center Moffett FieldCA94035 United States USRA Research Institute for Advanced Computer Science Mountain ViewCA94043 United States

Annealing schedule control provides new opportunities to better understand the manner and mechanisms by which putative quantum annealers operate. By appropriately modifying the annealing schedule to include a pause (keeping the Hamiltonian fixed) for a period of time, we show it is possible to more directly probe the dissipative dynamics of the system at intermediate points along the anneal and examine thermal relaxation rates, for example, by observing the re-population of the ground state after the minimum spectral gap. We provide a detailed comparison of experiments from a D-Wave device, simulations of the quantum adiabatic master equation and a classical analogue of quantum annealing, spin-vector Monte Carlo, and we observe qualitative agreement, showing that the characteristic increase in success probability when pausing is not a uniquely quantum phenomena. We find that the relaxation in our system is dominated by a single time-scale, which allows us to give a simple condition for when we can expect pausing to improve the time-to-solution, the relevant metric for classical optimization. In the system studied here, only for short pauses is there expected to be an improvement. Finally, we also explore in simulation the role of temperature whilst pausing as a means to better distinguish quantum and classical models of quantum annealers. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Annealing

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Doping-driven electronic and lattice dynamics in the phase-change material vanadium dioxide

引用

Physical Review B 2020年第11期102卷 115148-115148页

作者： Kannatassen Appavoo Joyeeta Nag Bin Wang Weidong Luo Gerd Duscher E. Andrew Payzant Matthew Y. Sfeir Sokrates T. Pantelides Richard F. Haglund, Jr. Department of Physics University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham Alabama 35294 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee 37235 USA School of Chemical Biological and Materials Engineering University of Oklahoma Norman Oklahoma 73019 USA Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee 37996 USA Center for Functional Nanomaterials Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973 USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee 37235 USA

Doping is generally understood as a strategy for including additional positive or negative charge carriers in a semiconductor, thereby tuning the Fermi level and changing its electronic properties in the equilibrium limit. However, because dopants also couple to all of the microscopic degrees of freedom in the host, they may also alter the nonequilibrium dynamical properties of the parent material, especially at large dopant concentrations. Here, we show how substitutional doping by tungsten at the 1 at. % level modifies the complex electronic and lattice dynamics of the phase-change material vanadium dioxide. Using femtosecond broadband spectroscopy, we compare dynamics in epitaxial thin films of pristine and tungsten-doped VO2 over the broadest wavelength and temporal ranges yet reported. We demonstrate that coupling of tungsten atoms to the host lattice modifies the early electron-phonon dynamics on a femtosecond timescale, altering in a counterintuitive way the ps-to-ns optical signatures of the phase transition. Density functional theory correctly captures the enthalpy difference between pristine and W-doped VO2 and shows how the dopant softens critical V-V phonon modes while introducing new phononic modes due to W-V bonds. While substitutional doping provides a powerful method to control the switching threshold and contrast of phase-change materials, determining how the dopant dynamically changes the broadband optical response is equally important for optoelectronics.

关键词： Electronic structure Lattice dynamics Phase transitions Phonons Photonics Functional materials Thin films Band structure methods Electron microscopy Epitaxy Femtosecond laser spectroscopy Film deposition First-principles calculations Laser techniques Monte Carlo methods Scanning electron microscopy

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Opacity of Nondeterministic Transition Systems: A (Bi)Simulation Relation Approach

Opacity of Nondeterministic Transition Systems: A (Bi)Simula...

引用

作者： Zhang, Kuize Yin, Xiang Zamani, Majid ACCESS Linnaeus Center School of Electrical Engineering KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm10044 Sweden Department of Automation Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Computer Science Department University of Colorado Boulder BoulderCO80309 United States

In this paper, we propose several opacity-preserving (bi)simulation relations for nondeterministic transition systems (NTSs) in terms of initial-state opacity, current-state opacity, K-step opacity, and infinite-step opacity. We also show how one can leverage quotient constructions to compute such relations. As a result, although the opacity verification problem for infinite NTSs is generally undecidable, if one can find such an opacity-preserving relation from an infinite NTS to a finite one, the (lack of) opacity of the infinite NTS can be easily verified over the finite one, which is decidable. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Opacity

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Validating a Two Qubit Non-Stoquastic Hamiltonian in Quantum Annealing

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Albash, Tameem Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Physics and Astronomy Center for Quantum Information and Control CQuIC University of New Mexico AlbuquerqueNM87131 United States

We propose a two qubit experiment for validating tunable antiferromagnetic XX interactions in quantum annealing. Such interactions allow the time-dependent Hamiltonian to be non-stoquastic, and the instantaneous ground state can have negative amplitudes in the computational basis. Our construction relies on how the degeneracy of the Ising Hamiltonian’s ground states is broken away from the end point of the anneal: above a certain value of the antiferromagnetic XX interaction strength, the perturbative ground state at the end of the anneal changes from a symmetric to an antisymmetric state. This change is associated with a suppression of one of the Ising ground states, which can then be detected using solely computational basis measurements. We show that a semiclassical approximation of the annealing protocol fails to reproduce this feature, making it a candidate ‘quantum signature’ of the evolution. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ground state

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Perspectives on adaptive dynamical systems

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Sawicki, Jakub Berner, Rico Loos, Sarah A.M. Anvari, Mehrnaz Bader, Rolf Barfuss, Wolfram Botta, Nicola Brede, Nuria Franović, Igor Gauthier, Daniel J. Goldt, Sebastian Hajizadeh, Aida Hövel, Philipp Karin, Omer Lorenz-Spreen, Philipp Miehl, Christoph Mölter, Jan Olmi, Simona Schöll, Eckehard Seif, Alireza Tass, Peter A. Volpe, Giovanni Yanchuk, Serhiy Kurths, Jürgen Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Telegrafenberg Potsdam14473 Germany Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz FHNW Leonhardsstrasse 6 Basel4009 Switzerland Department of Physics Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Newtonstraße 15 Berlin12489 Germany DAMTP University of Cambridge Wilberforce Road CambridgeCB3 0WA United Kingdom Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing Schloss Birlinghoven Sankt-Augustin53757 Germany Institute of Systematic Musicology University of Hamburg Germany Transdisciplinary Research Area: Sustainable Futures University of Bonn Bonn53113 Germany University of Bonn Bonn53113 Germany Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Göteborg412 96 Sweden Department of Computer Science University of Potsdam An der Bahn 2 Potsdam14476 Germany Scientific Computing Laboratory Center for the Study of Complex Systems Institute of Physics Belgrade University of Belgrade Pregrevica 118 Belgrade11080 Serbia The Ohio State University Department of Physics and Electrical and Computer Engineering 191 West Woodruff Ave ColumbusOH43210 United States ResCon Technologies LLC 1275 Kinnear Rd. Suite 239 ColumbusOH43212 United States Trieste Italy Research Group Comparative Neuroscience Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg Germany Theoretical Physics Saarland University Saarbrücken66123 Germany Center for Biophysics Saarland University Saarbrücken66123 Germany Department of Mathematics Imperial College London United Kingdom Center for Adaptive Rationality Max Planck Institute for Human Development Lentzeallee 94 Berlin14195 Germany Max Planck Institute for Brain Research Max-von-Laue-Straße 4 Frankfurt am Main60438 Germany Technical University of Munich School of Life Sciences Alte Akademie 8 Freising85354 Germany Department of Mathematics School of Computation Information and Technology Technical University of Munich Boltzmannstraße 3 Garching bei München8574

Adaptivity is a dynamical feature that is omnipresent in nature, socio-economics, and technology. For example, adaptive couplings appear in various real-world systems like the power grid, social, and neural networks, and they form the backbone of closed-loop control strategies and machine learning algorithms. In this article, we provide an interdisciplinary perspective on adaptive systems. We reflect on the notion and terminology of adaptivity in different disciplines and discuss which role adaptivity plays for various fields. We highlight common open challenges, and give perspectives on future research directions, looking to inspire interdisciplinary approaches. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Dynamical systems

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Extended Kalman Filtering with Low-Rank Tensor Networks for MIMO Volterra System Identification

Extended Kalman Filtering with Low-Rank Tensor Networks for ...

引用

IEEE Annual Conference on Decision and control

作者： Kim Batselier Ching-Yun Ko Ngai Wong Delft Center for Systems and Control Delft University of Technology The Netherlands Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

ISBN: (数字)9781728113982

ISBN: (纸本)9781728113999

This article reformulates the multiple-input-multiple-output Volterra system identification problem as an extended Kalman filtering problem. This reformulation has two advantages. First, it results in a simplification of the solution compared to the Tensor Network Kalman filter as no tensor filtering equations are required anymore. The second advantage is that the reformulation allows to model correlations between the parameters of different multiple-input-single-output Volterra systems, which can lead to better accuracy. The curse of dimensionality in the exponentially large parameter vector and covariance matrix is lifted through the use of low-rank tensor networks. The computational complexity of our tensor network implementation is compared to the conventional implementation and numerical experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： Tensile stress Mathematical model Covariance matrices Kalman filters MIMO communication Noise measurement MISO communication

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