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arXiv 2023年

作者： Eisenmann, M. Reinke, A. Weru, V. Tizabi, M.D. Isensee, F. Adler, T.J. Ali, S. Andrearczyk, V. Aubreville, M. Baid, U. Bakas, S. Balu, N. Bano, S. Bernal, J. Bodenstedt, S. Casella, A. Cheplygina, V. Daum, M. de Bruijne, M. Depeursinge, A. Dorent, R. Egger, J. Ellis, D.G. Engelhardt, S. Ganz, M. Ghatwary, N. Girard, G. Godau, P. Gupta, A. Hansen, L. Harada, K. Heinrich, M. Heller, N. Hering, A. Huaulmé, A. Jannin, P. Kavur, A.E. Kodym, O. Kozubek, M. Li, J. Li, H. Ma, J. Martín-Isla, C. Menze, B. Noble, A. Oreiller, V. Padoy, N. Pati, S. Payette, K. Rädsch, T. Rafael-Patiño, J. Bawa, V. Singh Speidel, S. Sudre, C.H. van Wijnen, K. Wagner, M. Wei, D. Yamlahi, A. Yap, M.H. Yuan, C. Zenk, M. Zia, A. Zimmerer, D. Aydogan, D. Bhattarai, B. Bloch, L. Brüngel, R. Cho, J. Choi, C. Dou, Q. Ezhov, I. Friedrich, C.M. Fuller, C. Gaire, R.R. Galdran, A. Faura, Á. García Grammatikopoulou, M. Hong, S. Jahanifar, M. Jang, I. Kadkhodamohammadi, A. Kang, I. Kofler, F. Kondo, S. Kuijf, H. Li, M. Luu, M. Martinčič, T. Morais, P. Naser, M.A. Oliveira, B. Owen, D. Pang, S. Park, J. Park, S. Plotka, S. Puybareau, E. Rajpoot, N. Ryu, K. Saeed, N. Shephard, A. Shi, P. Štepec, D. Subedi, R. Tochon, G. Torres, H.R. Urien, H. Vilaça, J.L. Wahid, K.A. Wang, H. Wang, J. Wang, L. Wang, X. Wiestler, B. Wodzinski, M. Xia, F. Xie, J. Xiong, Z. Yang, S. Yang, Y. Zhao, Z. Maier-Hein, K. Jäger, P.F. Kopp-Schneider, A. Maier-Hein, L. Heidelberg Germany Heidelberg Germany Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany Heidelberg Germany Heidelberg Germany School of Computing Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences University of Leeds Leeds United Kingdom Institute of Informatics School of Management HES-SO Valais-Wallis University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland Sierre Switzerland Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Lausanne University Hospital Lausanne Switzerland Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Ingolstadt Germany University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA United States Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA United States Department of Radiology Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA United States Department of Radiology University of Washington SeattleWA United States Department of Computer Science University College London London United Kingdom Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona & Computer Vision Center Barcelona Spain Dresden Dresden Germany Department of Advanced Robotics Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Italy IT University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark Department of General Visceral and Transplantation Surgery Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany Biomedical Imaging Group Rotterdam Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Erasmus MC Rotterdam Netherlands Department of Computer Science University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark Sierre Switzerland Harvard Medical School Brigham and Women’s Hospital BostonMA United States School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences King’s College London London United Kingdom Essen Germany University of Nebraska Medical Center OmahaNE United States Department of Internal Medicine III Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany Neurobiology Research Unit Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet C

International benchmarking competitions have become fundamental for the comparative performance assessment of image analysis methods. However, little attention has been given to investigating what can be learnt from these competitions. Do they really generate scientific progress? What are common and successful participation strategies? What makes a solution superior to a competing method? To address this gap in the literature, we performed a multicenter study with all 80 competitions that were conducted in the scope of IEEE ISBI 2021 and MICCAI 2021. Statistical analyses performed based on comprehensive descriptions of the submitted algorithms linked to their rank as well as the underlying participation strategies revealed common characteristics of winning solutions. These typically include the use of multi-task learning (63%) and/or multi-stage pipelines (61%), and a focus on augmentation (100%), image preprocessing (97%), data curation (79%), and postprocessing (66%). The "typical" lead of a winning team is a computer scientist with a doctoral degree, five years of experience in biomedical image analysis, and four years of experience in deep learning. Two core general development strategies stood out for highly-ranked teams: the reflection of the metrics in the method design and the focus on analyzing and handling failure cases. According to the organizers, 43% of the winning algorithms exceeded the state of the art but only 11% completely solved the respective domain problem. The insights of our study could help researchers (1) improve algorithm development strategies when approaching new problems, and (2) focus on open research questions revealed by this work. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Benchmarking

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Generative 3D hand tracking with spatially constrained pose sampling 28

Generative 3D hand tracking with spatially constrained pose ...

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28th British Machine vision Conference, BMVC 2017

作者： Roditakis, Konstantinos Makris, Alexandros Argyros, Antonis A. Computational Vision and Robotics Laboratory Institute of Computer Science FORTH Greece Computer Science Department University of Crete Greece

ISBN: (纸本)190172560X

We present a method for 3D hand tracking that exploits spatial constraints in the form of end effector (fingertip) locations. The method follows a generative, hypothesize-and-test approach and uses a hierarchical particle filter to track the hand. In contrast to state of the art methods that consider spatial constraints in a soft manner, the proposed approach enforces constraints during the hand pose hypothesis generation phase by sampling in the Reachable Distance Space (RDS). This sampling produces hypotheses that respect both the hands’ dynamics and the end effector locations. The data likelihood term is calculated by measuring the discrepancy between the rendered 3D model and the available observations. Experimental results on challenging, ground truth-annotated sequences containing severe hand occlusions demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms the state of the art in hand tracking accuracy. © 2017. The copyright of this document resides with its authors.

关键词： End effectors

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Real-Time Automatic License Plate Recognition through Deep Multi-Task Networks

Real-Time Automatic License Plate Recognition through Deep M...

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Brazilian Symposium on computer Graphics and Image Processing (SIBGRAPI)

作者： Gabriel Resende Gonçalves Matheus Alves Diniz Rayson Laroca David Menotti William Robson Schwartz Department of Computer Science Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Brazil Laboratory of Vision Robotics and Imaging Universidade Federal do Paraná Brazil

With the increasing number of cameras available in the cities, video traffic analysis can provide useful insights for the transportation segment. One of such analysis is the Automatic License Plate Recognition (ALPR). Previous approaches divided this task into several cascaded subtasks, i.e., vehicle location, license plate detection, character segmentation and optical character recognition. However, since each task has its own accuracy, the error propagation between each subtask is detrimental to the final accuracy. Therefore, focusing on the reduction of error propagation, we propose a technique that is able to perform ALPR using only two deep networks, the first performs license plate detection (LPD) and the second performs license plate recognition (LPR). The latter does not execute explicit character segmentation, which reduces significantly the error propagation. As these deep networks need a large number of samples to converge, we develop new data augmentation techniques that allow them to reach their full potential as well as a new dataset to train and evaluate ALPR approaches. According to experimental results, our approach is able to achieve state-of-the-art results in the SSIG-SegPlate dataset, reaching improvements up to 1.4 percentage point when compared to the best baseline. Furthermore, the approach is also able to perform in real time even in scenarios where many plates are present at the same frame, reaching significantly higher frame rates when compared with previously proposed approaches.

关键词： Licenses Detectors Task analysis Character recognition Proposals Image segmentation Real-time systems

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Dynamic Fusion of Electromyographic and Electroencephalographic Data towards Use in Robotic Prosthesis Control

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2021年第1期1828卷

作者： Michael Pritchard Abraham Itzhak Weinberg John A R Williams Felipe Campelo Harry Goldingay Diego R Faria Aston Robotics Vision and Intelligent Systems Laboratory (ARVIS Lab) College of Engineering and Physical Sciences Aston University Birmingham B4 7ET UK Department of Computer Science College of Engineering and Physical Sciences Aston University Birmingham B4 7ET UK Aston Institute of Photonic Technologies Aston University Birmingham B4 7ET UK

We demonstrate improved performance in the classification of bioelectric data for use in systems such as robotic prosthesis control, by data fusion using low-cost electromyography (EMG) and electroencephalography (EEG) devices. Prosthetic limbs are typically controlled through EMG, and whilst there is a wealth of research into the use of EEG as part of a brain-computer interface (BCI) the cost of EEG equipment commonly prevents this approach from being adopted outside the lab. This study demonstrates as a proof-of-concept that multimodal classification can be achieved by using low-cost EMG and EEG devices in tandem, with statistical decision-level fusion, to a high degree of accuracy. We present multiple fusion methods, including those based on Jensen-Shannon divergence which had not previously been applied to this problem. We report accuracies of up to 99% when merging both signal modalities, improving on the best-case single-mode classification. We hence demonstrate the strengths of combining EMG and EEG in a multimodal classification system that could in future be leveraged as an alternative control mechanism for robotic prostheses.

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Convolutional Neural Networks for Automatic Meter Reading

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Laroca, Rayson Barroso, Victor Diniz, Matheus A. Gonçalves, Gabriel R. Schwartz, William Robson Menotti, David Federal University of Paraná Laboratory of Vision Robotics and Imaging Department of Informatics Av. Coronel Francisco Heráclito dos Santos 100 Curitiba81530-000 Brazil Federal University of Minas Gerais Smart Surveillance Interest Group Department of Computer Science Av. Antônio Carlos 6627 Belo Horizonte31270-010 Brazil

In this paper, we tackle Automatic Meter Reading (AMR) by leveraging the high capability of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). We design a two-stage approach that employs the Fast-YOLO object detector for counter detection and evaluates three different CNN-based approaches for counter recognition. In the AMR literature, most datasets are not available to the research community since the images belong to a service company. In this sense, we introduce a new public dataset, called UFPR-AMR dataset, with 2,000 fully and manually annotated images. This dataset is, to the best of our knowledge, three times larger than the largest public dataset found in the literature and contains a well-defined evaluation protocol to assist the development and evaluation of AMR methods. Furthermore, we propose the use of a data augmentation technique to generate a balanced training set with many more examples to train the CNN models for counter recognition. In the proposed dataset, impressive results were obtained and a detailed speed/accuracy trade-off evaluation of each model was performed. In a public dataset, state-of-the-art results were achieved using less than 200 images for training. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Public utilities

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A Robust Ensemble Algorithm for Ischemic Stroke Lesion Segmentation: Generalizability and Clinical Utility Beyond the ISLES Challenge

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： de la Rosa, Ezequiel Reyes, Mauricio Liew, Sook-Lei Hutton, Alexandre Wiest, Roland Kaesmacher, Johannes Hanning, Uta Hakim, Arsany Zubal, Richard Valenzuela, Waldo Robben, David Sima, Diana M. Anania, Vincenzo Brys, Arne Meakin, James A. Mickan, Anne Broocks, Gabriel Heitkamp, Christian Gao, Shengbo Liang, Kongming Zhang, Ziji Siddiquee, Md Mahfuzur Rahman Myronenko, Andriy Ashtari, Pooya Van Huffel, Sabine Jeong, Hyun-Su Yoon, Chi-Ho Kim, Chulhong Huo, Jiayu Ourselin, Sebastien Sparks, Rachel Clèrigues, Albert Oliver, Arnau Lladó, Xavier Chalcroft, Liam Pappas, Ioannis Bertels, Jeroen Heylen, Ewout Moreau, Juliette Hatami, Nima Frindel, Carole Qayyum, Abdul Mazher, Moona Puig, Domenec Lin, Shao-Chieh Juan, Chun-Jung Hu, Tianxi Boone, Lyndon Goubran, Maged Liu, Yi-Jui Wegener, Susanne Kofler, Florian Ezhov, Ivan Shit, Suprosanna Hernandez Petzsche, Moritz R. Menze, Bjoern Kirschke, Jan S. Wiestler, Benedikt Department of Quantitative Biomedicine University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland Department of Informatics Technical University Munich Germany Icometrix Leuven Belgium ARTORG Center for Biomedical Research University of Bern Bern Switzerland Department of Radiation Oncology University Hospital Bern University of Bern Switzerland University of Bern Bern Switzerland Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy University of Southern California Los AngelesCA United States Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute Department of Neurology Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California United States University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology Inselspital Bern Switzerland University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology University Hospital Bern Inselspital University of Bern Bern Switzerland Department of Diagnostic and Interventional neuroradiology University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf Hamburg Germany Department of Medical Imaging Radboud University Medical Center Institute for Health Sciences Nijmegen Netherlands Deepwise AI Lab Beijing China Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Bejing China School of Computing and Augmented Intelligence Arizona State University TempeAZ United States NVIDIA Santa ClaraCA United States STADIUS Center for Dynamical Systems Signal Processing and Data Analytics KU Leuven Leuven Belgium Pohang Korea Republic of School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences King’s College London United Kingdom Institute of Computer Vision and Robotics University of Girona Spain Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging University College London London United Kingdom Laboratory of Neuro Imaging Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles United States KU Leuven Leuven Belgium CREATIS Université Lyon1 CNRS UMR5220 INSERM U1206 INSA-Lyon Villeurbanne696

Diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) is essential for stroke diagnosis, treatment decisions, and prognosis. However, image and disease variability hinder the development of generalizable AI algorithms with clinical value. We address this gap by presenting a novel ensemble algorithm derived from the 2022 Ischemic Stroke Lesion Segmentation (ISLES) challenge. ISLES’22 provided 400 patient scans with ischemic stroke from various medical centers, facilitating the development of a wide range of cutting-edge segmentation algorithms by the research community. By assessing them against a hidden test set, we identified strengths, weaknesses, and potential biases. Through collaboration with leading teams, we combined top-performing algorithms into an ensemble model that overcomes the limitations of individual solutions. Our ensemble model combines the individual algorithms’ strengths and achieved superior ischemic lesion detection and segmentation accuracy (median Dice score: 0.82, median lesion-wise F1 score: 0.86) on our internal test set compared to individual algorithms. This accuracy generalized well across diverse image and disease variables. Furthermore, the model excelled in extracting clinical biomarkers like lesion types and affected vascular territories. Notably, in a Turing-like test, neuroradiologists consistently preferred the algorithm’s segmentations over manual expert efforts, highlighting increased comprehensiveness and precision. Validation using a real-world external dataset (N=1686) confirmed the model’s generalizability (median Dice score: 0.82, median lesion-wise F1 score: 0.86). The algorithm’s outputs also demonstrated strong correlations with clinical scores (admission NIHSS and 90-day mRS) on par with or exceeding expert-derived results, underlining its clinical relevance. This study offers two key findings. First, we present an ensemble algorithm that detects and segments ischemic stroke lesions on DWI across diverse scenarios on par with expert (neuro)rad

关键词： Diagnosis

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Understanding metric-related pitfalls in image analysis validation

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Reinke, Annika Tizabi, Minu D. Baumgartner, Michael Eisenmann, Matthias Heckmann-Nötzel, Doreen Kavur, A. Emre Rädsch, Tim Sudre, Carole H. Acion, Laura Antonelli, Michela Arbel, Tal Bakas, Spyridon Benis, Arriel Blaschko, Matthew B. Buettner, Florian Cardoso, M. Jorge Cheplygina, Veronika Chen, Jianxu Christodoulou, Evangelia Cimini, Beth A. Collins, Gary S. Farahani, Keyvan Ferrer, Luciana Galdran, Adrian van Ginneken, Bram Glocker, Ben Godau, Patrick Haase, Robert Hashimoto, Daniel A. Hoffman, Michael M. Huisman, Merel Isensee, Fabian Jannin, Pierre Kahn, Charles E. Kainmueller, Dagmar Kainz, Bernhard Karargyris, Alexandros Karthikesalingam, Alan Kenngott, Hannes Kleesiek, Jens Kofler, Florian Kooi, Thijs Kopp-Schneider, Annette Kozubek, Michal Kreshuk, Anna Kurc, Tahsin Landman, Bennett A. Litjens, Geert Madani, Amin Maier-Hein, Klaus Martel, Anne L. Mattson, Peter Meijering, Erik Menze, Bjoern Moons, Karel G.M. Müller, Henning Nichyporuk, Brennan Nickel, Felix Petersen, Jens Rafelski, Susanne M. Rajpoot, Nasir Reyes, Mauricio Riegler, Michael A. Rieke, Nicola Saez-Rodriguez, Julio Sánchez, Clara I. Shetty, Shravya Summers, Ronald M. Taha, Abdel A. Tiulpin, Aleksei Tsaftaris, Sotirios A. van Calster, Ben Varoquaux, Gaël Yaniv, Ziv R. Jäger, Paul F. Maier-Hein, Lena Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany Heidelberg Division of Intelligent Medical Systems Germany NCT Heidelberg A Partnership Between DKFZ University Medical Center Heidelberg Germany Heidelberg Division of Medical Image Computing Germany Heidelberg Division of Intelligent Medical Systems Germany MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing UCL Centre for Medical Image Computing Department of Computer Science University College London London United Kingdom School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Science King’s College London London United Kingdom Instituto de Cálculo CONICET – Universidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina Centre for Medical Image Computing University College London London United Kingdom McGill University Montreal Canada Division of Computational Pathology Dept of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine Indiana University School of Medicine IU Health Information and Translational Sciences Building Indianapolis United States University of Pennsylvania Richards Medical Research Laboratories FL7 PhiladelphiaPA United States Department of Digital Medical Technologies Holon Institute of Technology Holon Israel European Federation for Medical Informatics Le Mont-sur-Lausanne Switzerland Center for Processing Speech and Images Department of Electrical Engineering KU Leuven Leuven Belgium partner site Frankfurt/Mainz a partnership between DKFZ and UCT Frankfurt Marburg Germany Heidelberg Germany Goethe University Frankfurt Department of Medicine Germany Goethe University Frankfurt Department of Informatics Germany and Frankfurt Cancer Insititute Germany Department of Computer Science IT University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften – ISAS – e.V. Dortmund Germany Imaging Platform Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard CambridgeMA United States Centre for Statistics in Medicine University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Center for Biomedical In

Validation metrics are key for tracking scientific progress and bridging the current chasm between artificial intelligence (AI) research and its translation into practice. However, increasing evidence shows that particularly in image analysis, metrics are often chosen inadequately. While taking into account the individual strengths, weaknesses, and limitations of validation metrics is a critical prerequisite to making educated choices, the relevant knowledge is currently scattered and poorly accessible to individual researchers. Based on a multi-stage Delphi process conducted by a multidisciplinary expert consortium as well as extensive community feedback, the present work provides the first reliable and comprehensive common point of access to information on pitfalls related to validation metrics in image analysis. While focused on biomedical image analysis, the addressed pitfalls generalize across application domains and are categorized according to a newly created, domain-agnostic taxonomy. The work serves to enhance global comprehension of a key topic in image analysis validation. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： computer vision

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Metrics Reloaded: Recommendations for image analysis validation

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Maier-Hein, Lena Reinke, Annika Godau, Patrick Tizabi, Minu D. Buettner, Florian Christodoulou, Evangelia Glocker, Ben Isensee, Fabian Kleesiek, Jens Kozubek, Michal Reyes, Mauricio Riegler, Michael A. Wiesenfarth, Manuel Emre Kavur, A. Sudre, Carole H. Baumgartner, Michael Eisenmann, Matthias Heckmann-Nötzel, Doreen Rädsch, Tim Acion, Laura Antonelli, Michela Arbel, Tal Bakas, Spyridon Benis, Arriel Blaschko, Matthew B. Jorge Cardoso, M. Cheplygina, Veronika Cimini, Beth A. Collins, Gary S. Farahani, Keyvan Ferrer, Luciana Galdran, Adrian Ginneken, Bram Van Haase, Robert Hashimoto, Daniel A. Hoffman, Michael M. Huisman, Merel Jannin, Pierre Kahn, Charles E. Kainmueller, Dagmar Kainz, Bernhard Karargyris, Alexandros Karthikesalingam, Alan Kenngott, Hannes Kofler, Florian Kopp-Schneider, Annette Kreshuk, Anna Kurc, Tahsin Landman, Bennett A. Litjens, Geert Madani, Amin Maier-Hein, Klaus Martel, Anne L. Mattson, Peter Meijering, Erik Menze, Bjoern Moons, Karel G.M. Müller, Henning Nichyporuk, Brennan Nickel, Felix Petersen, Jens Rajpoot, Nasir Rieke, Nicola Saez-Rodriguez, Julio Sánchez, Clara I. Shetty, Shravya Smeden, Maarten Van Summers, Ronald M. Taha, Abdel A. Tiulpin, Aleksei Tsaftaris, Sotirios A. Calster, Ben Van Varoquaux, Gaël Jäger, Paul F. Heidelberg Division of Intelligent Medical Systems and HI Helmholtz Imaging Germany Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science and Medical Faculty Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany NCT Heidelberg a partnership between DKFZ University Medical Center Heidelberg Germany Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany Heidelberg Division of Intelligent Medical Systems Germany partner site Frankfurt/Mainz a partnership between DKFZ and UCT Frankfurt-Marburg Germany Heidelberg Goethe University Frankfurt Germany Department of Medicine Goethe University Frankfurt Germany Department of Informatics Frankfurt Cancer Insititute Germany Department of Computing Imperial College London London United Kingdom Heidelberg Division of Medical Image Computing and HI Applied Computer Vision Lab Germany Institute for AI in Medicine University Medicine Essen Essen Germany Centre for Biomedical Image Analysis Faculty of Informatics Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research University of Bern Bern Switzerland Department of Radiation Oncology University Hospital Bern University of Bern Bern Switzerland Simula Metropolitan Center for Digital Engineering Oslo Norway UiT The Arctic University of Norway Romsø Norway Heidelberg Division of Biostatistics Germany Heidelberg Division of Intelligent Medical Systems Division of Medical Image Computing HI Applied Computer Vision Lab Germany MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing UCL Centre for Medical Image Computing Department of Computer Science University College London London United Kingdom School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Science King’s College London London United Kingdom Heidelberg Division of Medical Image Computing Germany Instituto de Cálculo CONICET – Universidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina Centre for Medical Image Computing University College London London United Kingdom McGill University Montréal

Increasing evidence shows that flaws in machine learning (ML) algorithm validation are an underestimated global problem. Particularly in automatic biomedical image analysis, chosen performance metrics often do not reflect the domain interest, thus failing to adequately measure scientific progress and hindering translation of ML techniques into practice. To overcome this, we created Metrics Reloaded, a comprehensive framework guiding researchers in the problem-aware selection of metrics. It was developed by a large international consortium in a multi-stage Delphi process and is based on the novel concept of a problem fingerprint – a structured representation of the given problem that captures all aspects that are relevant for metric selection, from the domain interest to the properties of the target structure(s), data set and algorithm output. Based on the problem fingerprint, users are guided through the process of choosing and applying appropriate validation metrics while being made aware of potential pitfalls. Metrics Reloaded targets image analysis problems that can be interpreted as a classification task at image, object or pixel level, namely image-level classification, object detection, semantic segmentation, and instance segmentation tasks. To improve the user experience, we implemented the framework in the Metrics Reloaded online tool. Following the convergence of ML methodology across application domains, Metrics Reloaded fosters the convergence of validation methodology. Its applicability is demonstrated for various biomedical use cases. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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Millimeter-wave radar image analysis for the traffic sensing

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2020年第5期1507卷

作者： H M Wu F Qi J K Wang Y Wang School of communication science and engineering Northeastern University Liaoning Province Shenyang 110819 China Shenyang Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences China Institutes for Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing Chinese Academy of Sciences China Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Information Processing Chinese Academy of Sciences China Key Lab of Image Understanding and Computer Vision Liaoning Province Shenyang 110016 China

Millimeter-wave(MMW) radar sensing is one of the most promising technologies to provide safe navigation for autonomous vehicles due to its expected high-resolution imaging capability However, driverless cars have higher request for different environment and light conditions. Therefore, millimetre-wave imaging is of paramount importance for complex load scenario. In this paper, we have built models of pavement pits and bulges and analysed their with differences ways of antennas. A comparison of the imaging performance of experimental systems operating at a MMW radar and a Lidar is presented with the analysis of features for initial image interpretation Experimental images of the complex road surface are made by a 94GHz frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar technique with 3mm wavelength.

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A Novel LOS Rate Estimation Method Based on Images for Strap-down Inertial Guidance

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2020年第1期1570卷

作者： Zheng Xu Haibo Luo Bin Hui Zheng Chang Shenyang Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China Tel.: +86-024-2397-0757 Institutes for Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Information Processing Chinese Academy of Science Shenyang 110016 China The Key Lab of Image Understanding and Computer Vision Shenyang 110016 China

With the development of technology, precision guided weapon is becoming more and more important in modern war. In order to launch our recent guidance system on medium and small guided weapons, we propose a method to obtain the LOS rate by combining information from both camera and gyroscope. To be specific, we firstly calculate the body LOS angle through transforming the image pixel coordinate system into the image physical coordinate system according to camera internal parameters; then subtract the missile motion information contained in the measurement signal of the seeker and finally the LOS rate is deduced. Comparing with traditional gimballed seekers, our strap-down seekers with camera have significantly reduced costs and influences caused by external environments on platform.

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