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24th Working Notes of the Conference and Labs of the Evaluation Forum, CLEF-WN 2023

作者： Kim, Hyunjae Hwang, Hyeon Lee, Chaeeun Seo, Minju Yoon, Wonjin Kang, Jaewoo Department of Computer Science and Engineering Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of Computational Health Informatics Program Boston Children’s Hospital BostonMA02115 United States Harvard Medical School BostonMA02115 United States AIGEN Sciences Seoul04778 Korea Republic of

Biomedical question answering (QA) plays a crucial role in assisting researchers, healthcare professionals, and even patients in accessing and retrieving accurate and up-to-date information from the vast amount of biomedical knowledge available in literature. To enhance the efficiency of knowledge discovery and information retrieval, we investigate the efficacy of various pre-processing, model training, data augmentation, and ensemble methods and evaluate a range of advanced pre-trained models such as BioLinkBERT and GPT-4. Additionally, we explore data augmentation and ensemble methods to further improve system performance. In our participation in BioASQ Task 11b-Phase B, our systems achieved a top ranking in all four batches for the yes/no type of questions, in one out of four batches for factoid questions, and in two out of four batches for list-type questions. © 2023 Copyright for this paper by its authors.

关键词： BioASQ 11b BioLinkBERT Data Augmentation Ensemble GPT-4

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An Explainable Deep Learning Model for Prediction of Severity of Alzheimer’s Disease

An Explainable Deep Learning Model for Prediction of Severit...

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IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (CIBCB)

作者： Godwin Ekuma Daniel B. Hier Tayo Obafemi-Ajayi Computer Science Dept. Missouri State University Springfield MO USA Electrical & Computer Eng. Dept Missouri University of Science & Technology Rolla MO USA Engineering Program Missouri State University Springfield MO USA

Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have become the go-to method for medical imaging classification on various imaging modalities for binary and multiclass problems. Deep CNNs extract spatial features from image data hierarchically, with deeper layers learning more relevant features for the classification application. Despite the high predictive accuracy, usability lags in practical applications due to the black-box model perception. Model explainability and interpretability are essential for successfully integrating artificial intelligence into healthcare practice. This work addresses the challenge of an explainable deep learning model for the prediction of the severity of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). AD diagnosis and prognosis heavily rely on neuroimaging information, particularly magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We present a deep learning model framework that integrates a local data-driven interpretation method that explains the relationship between the predicted AD severity from the CNN and the input MR brain image. The deep explainer uses SHapley Additive exPlanation values to quantity the contribution of different brain regions utilized by the CNN to predict outcomes. We conduct a comparative analysis of three high-performing CNN models: DenseNet121, DenseNet169, and Inception-ResNet-v2. The framework shows high sensitivity and specificity in the test sample of subjects with varying levels of AD severity. We also correlated five key AD neurocognitive assessment outcome measures and the APOE genotype biomarker with model misclassifications to facilitate a better understanding of model performance.

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The growing memristor industry

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Nature 2025年第8059期640卷 613-622页

作者： Lanza, Mario Pazos, Sebastian Aguirre, Fernando Sebastian, Abu Le Gallo, Manuel Alam, Syed M. Ikegawa, Sumio Yang, J. Joshua Vianello, Elisa Chang, Meng-Fan Molas, Gabriel Naveh, Ishai Ielmini, Daniele Liu, Ming Roldan, Juan B. Department of Materials Science and Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore Institute for Functional Intelligent Materials National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore Centre for Advanced 2D Materials (CA2DM) National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore Materials Science and Engineering Program Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia Intrinsic Semiconductor Technologies London United Kingdom IBM Research – Zurich Rüschlikon Switzerland Everspin Technologies Chandler AZ United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Southern California Los Angeles CA United States CEA-Leti Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France Department of Electrical Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Weebit Nano Hod Hasharon Israel Dipartimento di Elettronica Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB) Politecnico di Milano and *** Milano Italy Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices and Integrated Technology Institute of Microelectronics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Departamento de Electrónica y Tecnología de Computadores Universidad de Granada Facultad de Ciencias Granada Spain

The semiconductor industry is experiencing an accelerated transformation to overcome the scaling limits of the transistor and to adapt to new requirements in terms of data storage and computation, especially driven by artificial intelligence applications and the Internet of Things. In this process, new materials, devices, integration strategies and system architectures are being developed and optimized. Among them, memristive devices and circuits—memristors are two-terminal memory devices that can also mimic some basic bioelectronic functions—offer a potential approach to create more compact, energy-efficient or better-performing systems. The memristor industry is growing quickly, raising abundant capital investment, creating new jobs and placing advanced products in the market. Here we analyse the status and prospects of the memristor industry, focusing on memristor-based products that are already commercially available, prototypes with a high technological readiness level that might affect the market in the near future, and discuss obstacles and pathways to their implementation. © Springer Nature Limited 2025.

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Metaverse through Blockchain and Intelligent Networking: A Comprehensive Survey 5

Metaverse through Blockchain and Intelligent Networking: A C...

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5th International Conference on Blockchain Computing and Applications, BCCA 2023

作者： Alja'Afreh, Mohammad Alouneh, Sahel Obaidat, Muath Karime, Ali Elsaddik, Abdulmotaleb United Arab Emirates Princess Sumaya University for Technology Amman Jordan Cybersecurity Program College of Engineering Al Ain University United Arab Emirates German Jordanian University Amman Jordan Computer Science-City University of New York United States Royal Military College of Canada Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350339239

As technology has advanced, people's lives have been transformed by the virtual world, which has been created by technologies such as the Internet, computers, artificial intelligence, and hardware. The metaverse, a new social ecology connecting the physical and virtual worlds, is rapidly expanding as the demand for virtual reality grows. Privacy, security, high synchronization, and low latency have all been challenged as data volumes and value have grown and the metaverse continues to evolve. As blockchain and intelligent networking technologies continue to evolve, these challenges can be addressed and the metaverse's needs for trusted construction, continuous data interaction, and computing can be satisfied. In order to provide immersive experiences in the metaverse, a comprehensive review of blockchain's role and benefits is essential. The purpose of this survey is to discuss the metaverse's development trend, architecture, and characteristics. This review paper is novel in providing an overview of existing blockchain research, including overviews, applications, and challenges. Furthermore, we summarized the metaverse's applications, emphasizing their significance and areas of development. Using the survey, we are able to discuss open issues, challenges, and future research directions. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Blockchain

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A Transparent Ultrasound Array for Real-Time Optical,Ultrasound,and Photoacoustic Imaging

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Biomedical engineering Frontiers 2022年第1期3卷 284-297页

作者： Haoyang Chen Sumit Agrawal Mohamed Osman Josiah Minotto Shubham Mirg Jinyun Liu Ajay Dangi Quyen Tran Thomas Jackson Sri-Rajasekhar Kothapalli Department of Biomedical Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Penn State Cancer Institute The Pennsylvania State UniversityHersheyPA 17033USA Graduate Program in Acoustics The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA

Objective and Impact *** imaging of ultrasound and optical contrasts can help map structural,functional,and molecular biomarkers inside living subjects with high spatial *** is a need to develop a platform to facilitate this multimodal imaging capability to improve diagnostic sensitivity and ***,combining ultrasound,photoacoustic,and optical imaging modalities is challenging because conventional ultrasound transducer arrays are optically *** a result,complex geometries are used to coalign both optical and ultrasound waves in the same field of *** elegant solution is to make the ultrasound transducer transparent to ***,we demonstrate a novel transparent ultrasound transducer(TUT)linear array fabricated using a transparent lithium niobate piezoelectric material for real-time multimodal *** TUT-array consists of 64 elements and centered at~6 MHz *** demonstrate a quad-mode ultrasound,Doppler ultrasound,photoacoustic,and fluorescence imaging in real-time using the TUT-array directly coupled to the tissue mimicking *** TUT-array successfully showed a multimodal imaging capability and has potential applications in diagnosing cancer,neurological,and vascular diseases,including image-guided endoscopy and wearable imaging.

关键词： Ultrasound specificity transparent

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Real-time multilingual speech recognition and speaker diarization system based on Whisper segmentation

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PeerJ computer science 2024年 10卷 e1973页

作者： Lyu, Ke-Ming Lyu, Ren-yuan Chang, Hsien-Tsung Computer Science and Information Engineering Chang Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taoyuan Taiwan Bachelor Program in Artificial Intelligence Chang Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan

This research presents the development of a cutting-edge real-time multilingual speech recognition and speaker diarization system that leverages OpenAI’s Whisper model. The system specifically addresses the challenges of automatic speech recognition (ASR) and speaker diarization (SD) in dynamic, multispeaker environments, with a focus on accurately processing Mandarin speech with Taiwanese accents and managing frequent speaker switches. Traditional speech recognition systems often fall short in such complex multilingual and multispeaker contexts, particularly in SD. This study, therefore, integrates advanced speech recognition with speaker diarization techniques optimized for real-time applications. These optimizations include handling model outputs efficiently and incorporating speaker embedding technology. The system was evaluated using data from Taiwanese talk shows and political commentary programs, featuring 46 diverse speakers. The results showed a promising word diarization error rate (WDER) of 2.68% in twospeaker scenarios and 11.65% in three-speaker scenarios, with an overall WDER of 6.96%. This performance is comparable to that of non-real-time baseline models, highlighting the system’s ability to adapt to various complex conversational dynamics, a significant advancement in the field of real-time multilingual speech processing. © 2024 Lyu et al.

关键词： Real time systems

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A WEARABLE GRAPHENE TRANSISTOR-BASED BIOSENSOR FOR MONITORING IL-6 BIOMARKER 25

A WEARABLE GRAPHENE TRANSISTOR-BASED BIOSENSOR FOR MONITORIN...

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25th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life sciences, MicroTAS 2021

作者： Laliberte, Kaitlyn E. Scott, Patrick Khan, Niazul I. Mahmud, Md Shaad Song, Edward Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of New Hampshire United States Materials Science Program University of New Hampshire United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781733419031

Graphene field-effect transistor (GFET) is becoming an increasingly popular biosensing platform for monitoring health conditions through biomarker detection. Moreover, the graphene's 2-dimensional geometry makes it ideal for implementing flexible wearable devices. In this work, we present a printable graphene transistor-based biosensor that can be used as a wearable sensor to detect a protein biomarker Interleukin-6 (IL-6). Our device contains a voltage control, a current meter, and a power source all integrated into a single miniaturized platform making it a truly skin-mounted wearable device. © 2021 MicroTAS 2021 - 25th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life sciences. All rights reserved.

关键词： Graphene transistors

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Demographic-Guided Behavior Patterns Contrast for Personality Prediction

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IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing 2024年

作者： Ji, Yu Wu, Wen Lin, Hui Hu, Wenxin Hu, Yi Kang, Liang Chen, Xi He, Liang East China Normal University School of Computer Science and Technology Shanghai China East China Normal University Institute of AI for Education Shanghai China East China Normal University Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention School of Psychology and Cognitive Science Shanghai China Shanghai Liulishuo Information Technology Co. Ltd. Shanghai China School of Data Science and Engineering Shanghai China

In recent years, personality has been considered as a valuable personal factor being incorporated into the provision of personalized learning. Although some studies have endeavored to obtain learners' personalities implicitly from their learning behaviors, they failed to achieve satisfactory prediction performance. On the one hand, most existing approaches ignore the imbalanced distribution of personality classes, which causes the personality classifiers to be biased toward the non-extreme personality class. On the other hand, the related methods normally focus on constructing statistical behavior features, while the sequence information of learning behaviors is ignored, but actually it can reflect learners' behavior patterns more finely. In this paper, inspired by the human learning strategy in the face of small samples, we propose an effective Demographic-Guided Behavior Patterns Contrast (DGBPC) model to classify learners' personalities through the demographic-guided contrast of learners' coarse behavior patterns. Besides, we construct and publish the Personality and Learning Behavior Dataset (PLBD), which should be one of the largest public datasets regarding Big-Five personality and learning behavior sequence according to our knowledge. The experimental results on PLBD demonstrate that our DGBPC model could generate learner representations with higher discrimination and outperform the related methods in terms of balanced accuracy. © 2010-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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Textual Training for the Hassle-Free Removal of Unwanted Visual Data: Case Studies on OOD and Hateful Image Detection

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Lee, Saehyung Mok, Jisoo Park, Sangha Shin, Yongho Jung, Dahuin Yoon, Sungroh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National University Korea Republic of Qualcomm Korea YH Seoul Korea Republic of School of Computer Science and Engineering Soongsil University Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program in Artificial Intelligence Seoul National University Korea Republic of

In our study, we explore methods for detecting unwanted content lurking in visual datasets. We provide a theoretical analysis demonstrating that a model capable of successfully partitioning visual data can be obtained using only textual data. Based on the analysis, we propose Hassle-Free Textual Training (HFTT), a streamlined method capable of acquiring detectors for unwanted visual content, using only synthetic textual data in conjunction with pre-trained vision-language models. HFTT features an innovative objective function that significantly reduces the necessity for human involvement in data annotation. Furthermore, HFTT employs a clever textual data synthesis method, effectively emulating the integration of unknown visual data distribution into the training process at no extra cost. The unique characteristics of HFTT extend its utility beyond traditional out-of-distribution detection, making it applicable to tasks that address more abstract concepts. We complement our analyses with experiments in out-of-distribution detection and hateful image detection. Our codes are available at https://***/Saehyung-Lee/HFTT © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Data assimilation

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International Conference of computer and Informatics engineering (IC2IE)

作者： Wandy Wandy Kusworo Adi Media Anugerah Ayu Doctoral Program of Information Systems School of Postgraduate Studies Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Mathematics Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Engineering and Technology Sampoerna University South Jakarta Indonesia

ISBN: (数字)9798331505530

ISBN: (纸本)9798331505547

Full-marathon and Half-marathon distances are categorized as road running. Full-marathon running is becoming increasingly popular, and Half-marathon is increasing worldwide in both sexes and all age groups. Some aspects might relate to Full-marathon and Half-marathon running performance during training and races. Technology also plays an essential role in supporting runners and running races. Technology like artificial intelligence (AI) now supports the running athlete, not only predicting performance and results. It can also be used later to help the coach generate training programs for the athlete. This research aimed to find many aspects of marathons and performance and analyze them to see if artificial intelligence could later support them. It used secondary data and a systematic literature review proposed by Kitchenham. Out of the 58 articles, 21 of them (36.21%) received a score of 1 from Q1. Additionally, 19 articles (32.76%) received a score of 1 from both Q2 and Q3. Among the 58 articles, 9 (15.52%) received a total score of 3, with all three Q1, Q2, and Q3 scores being 1. This indicates that artificial intelligence will likely support the content of these nine articles. Several factors were also discovered to be connected to marathons and athletic performance. These findings suggested that additional investigation into marathons and performance, later backed by artificial intelligence, remained pertinent and essential.

关键词： Training Roads Artificial intelligence Informatics

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