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EFFECTS OF REFRACTIVE INDEX AND ASPECT RATIO ON THE PARTICLE IMAGES IN A LEVITATED DROPLET

Multiphase Science and technology 2024年第1期36卷 13-26页

作者： Gatete, Eugene Kaneko, Akiko Shen, Biao University of Tsukuba Systems and Information Engineering Graduate School of Science and Technology Degree Program of Engineering Mechanics and Energy 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba Ibaraki305-8573 Japan University of Tsukuba Faculty of Engineering of Information Engineering and Systems 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba Ibaraki305-8573 Japan

A technique using droplets suspended by ultrasound has attracted attention as one of the containerless processing methods. While this can avoid contamination from the container, it is known that ultrasonic levitation creates flow fields inside and outside the droplet. For more precise droplet control, it is desirable to elucidate the internal flow of the droplet, and measurements of the internal flow have been performed using the particle image velocimetry (PIV). The aim of this study is to elucidate the internal flow field behavior by solving optical problems and improving the accuracy of velocity field measurements in levitated droplets. The fluid that is to be investigated is scattered with small tracer particles and illuminated by a laser to capture the flow on a created laser sheet. The curvature distortion is successfully visualized using the PIV approach toward distortion correction using calibration methods. The curvature distortion illustration was performed based on the refractive index and aspect ratio of the simulated droplet in acrylic materials. The fluid flow, affected by droplet curvature and refractive index, has been visualized for both levitated and simulated droplets. The experimental results showed that the droplet curvature can be distorted in two types such as radial and tangential distortions and increase as the refractive index and aspect ratio increases. © 2024 by Begell House, Inc.

关键词： Refractive index

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Field Study of Drive-by Monitoring for Estimating Road Unevenness with Buses in Service Operation

Field Study of Drive-by Monitoring for Estimating Road Uneve...

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Experimental Vibration Analysis for Civil engineering Structures - EVACES 2023 - Volume 2

作者： Shin, Ryota Sakuma, Katsuki Okada, Yukihiko Yamamoto, Kyosuke Degree Program in Systems and Information Engineering University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8577 Japan Degree Program in Engineering Mechanics and Technology University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8577 Japan Institute of Systems and Information Engineering University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8577 Japan Center for Artificial Intelligence Research University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8573 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9783031391163

As global road infrastructure expands rapidly, especially in developing countries, maintaining the quality and safety of these roads becomes critical. However, many routes lack detours, and the swift deterioration of these busy roads raises serious concerns. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a cost-effective, quick inspection method. This study proposes a solution through drive-by monitoring. We utilized commercial buses with vibration sensors and Global Positioning System (GPS) devices. The GPS receivers, acting as accurate clocks, could record the bus’s location while providing space- and time-synchronization for the simultaneously measured vibration data. For this study, we installed an acceleration sensor under each bus seat. We can convert the recorded vehicle vibration data into road unevenness information, assuming specific vehicle parameters. To minimize errors, we updated the assumed parameters to align more closely with the average road unevenness versus the estimated unevenness from each bus. We employed a Genetic Algorithm, a search heuristic that mimics the process of natural evolution, to update these parameters. Through this methodology, we could estimate vehicle parameters and road unevenness, paving the way for an efficient, low-cost road inspection method. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Cost effectiveness

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Preparation of LFP-based cathode materials for lithium-ion battery applications

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2022年 65卷 2347-2350页

作者： Suttison, Suchanat Pengpat, Kamonpan Intatha, Uraiwan Fan, Jinchen Zhang, Wei Eitssayeam, Sukum Master's Degree Program in Materials Science Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand Graduate School Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand Department of Physics and Materials Science Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University Thailand Center of Innovative Materials for Sustainability School of Science Mae Fah Luang University Chiang Rai 57100 Thailand School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093 China Department of Engineering Mechanics Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China

Lithium-ion batteries (LIB) have developed into the mainstream power source of energy storage devices due to their advantages: high power density, high power, long service life, and less pollution. This materials development for LFP batteries was considered successful in synthesizing powder. Here we show that three synthesis conditions were performed. LFP doped NiO, NMC, and (NH4)2HPO4 were synthesized by the nitrogen gas flow method. LFP-doped NiO was burned at 600 °C and 700 °C for five h. NMC doped with LFP burned at 550 °C for five h, and NMC-doped LFP and (NH4)2HPO4 were burned at 550 °C and 600 °C for five h. The structure and morphology of the material were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). © 2022

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries

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Blackwater and Graywater on US navy ships: Technical challenges and solutions

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1999年第3期111卷 293-306页

作者： Benson, J Caplan, I Jacobs, R John Benson:received his BS degree in Mechanical Engineering and MS degree in Environmental Engineering from the University of Maryland. He is a registered Professional Engineer in the State of Maryland. He Joined the Naval Sufrace Warfare Center Carderock Division Environmental Quality Department in 1990 as a project engineer and is now managing the non-oily wastewater (graywater and blackwater) project area. Mr. Ivan Caplan:graduated from Drexel University (Philadelphia Pennsylvania) with a BS in Metallurgical Engineering and was awarded a MS degree from the Johns Hopkins University (Baltimore Maryland) in Mechanics and Materials Science. Mr. Caplan has spent most of his career at the Carderock Division Naval Surface Warfare Center (NSWC) and is currently the Head of the Wastewater Management Branch in the Carderock Division's Environmental Quality Department. Previously Mr. Caplan managed the US Navy's Applied Research Program in Ship & Submarine Materials Technology. In addition Mr. Caplan was manager of the US Navy's Titanium Technology Program Office and during his government career held several external Program Manager positions on at the Naval Sea Systems Command and another at the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. Rachel Jacobs:received BS degrees in Chemical Engineering and Marine Biology from the University of Maryland College Park. After working for the Naval Research Laboratory in Washington DC and the Center for Marine Biotechnology in Baltimore MD she joined the staff of the Naval Surface Warfare Center's Environmental Quality Department in 1997. Since thta time Ms. Jacobs has worked in the non-oily wastewater treatment area and her principal responsibility has been to technically supervise the evaluation operation and modification graywater treatment.

In anticipation of more stringent environmental regulations, the increasing costs of waste disposal, and the need for naval combatants to operate unimpeded in littoral waters, the U.S. Navy has identified the need to develop technologies which are appropriate for the control and treatment of blackwater and graywater. This paper will describe the status of development efforts by the Carderock Division, Naval Surface Warfare Center (CDNSWC) and its supporting contractors, under sponsorship of Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA) and the Office of Naval Research. The challenge was to develop treatment systems that meet Navy shipboard requirements for affordability, compactness, low manning/maintenance, high reliability and safety, and EM, noise, vibration and shock. Membrane ultrafiltration based systems, incorporating aerobic biological pre-treatment and ultraviolet light post treatment disinfection, have ken developed to meet these requirements. Both external and in-tank membrane systems will be described in terms of performance, system operation and space and weight advantages.

关键词： Naval vessels

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A mems _-preconcentrator employing a carbon molecular sieve membrane for highly volatile organic compound sampling

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Chemosensors 2021年第5期9卷

作者： Kuo, Hung-Yang Cheng, Wei-Riu Wu, Tzu-Heng Sheen, Horn-Jiunn Wang, Chih-Chia Lu, Chia-Jung Department of Chemistry National Taiwan Normal University Taipei11677 Taiwan Institute of Applied Mechanics National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering Chung Cheng Institute of Technology National Defense University Taoyuan33509 Taiwan Undergraduate Degree Program of System Engineering and Technology National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan

This paper presents the synthesis and evaluation of a carbon molecular sieve membrane (CMSM) grown inside a MEMS-fabricated μ-preconcentrator for sampling highly volatile organic compounds. An array of µ-pillars measuring 100 µm in diameter and 250 µm in height were fabricated inside a microfluidic channel to increase the attaching surface for the CMSM. The surface area of the CMSM was measured as high as 899 m2/g. A GC peak amplification factor >2 × 104 was demonstrated with gaseous ethyl acetate. Up to 1.4 L of gaseous ethanol at the 100 ppb level could be concentrated without exceeding the capacity of this microchip device. Sharp desorption chromatographic peaks ( © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

关键词： Molecular sieves

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Applying fuzzy functions and sequential coordination to optimization of machinery arrangement and pipe routing

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1998年第6期110卷 43-54页

作者： Wu, BC Young, GS Schmidt, W Choppella, K Dr. Bi-Chu Wu:received a PhD in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Maryland College Park in 1991. She has worked on projects involving naval architecture design optimization solid mechanics and database development. Presently a senwr engineer with Angle Incorporated Dr Wu's research interests are in design optimization and fuzzy logic applications. Dr. Gin-Shu Young: a senior engineer with Angle Incorporated holds a PhD in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Maryland College Park. As a guest researcher with National Institute of Standards and Technologies from 1990 to 1993 he worked on vision-based navigation for autonomous vehicles. His experience also includes applications of optimization fuzzy logic neural network and genetic algorithm methods to engineering system design Mr. William Schmidt:co-founded Angle Incorporated in 1990 and has served as Vice PresidentlChiefScientist during this tame. He holds a B.Sc. in Applied Science from the Naval Acadt?my and an M.Sc. in Physics from the Naval Post Graduate School. He has cner 20 years experience in technical leadership material and personnel management. He has led the application of computer aided design (CAD) and Product Model Information Exchange to the shipbuilding industry. His experience also includes leading the amlication of model based operational analysis to support the Live Fire Test Program for DDG 51 Class Destroyers. Mr. Krishna M. Choppella:is a Sofware Engineer at Eidea Laboratories Incotporated where he works on componentbased distributed enterpvise frameworks. He has been involved in creating data analysis tools for the US Nay by integrating CAD modeis databases and graphical front ends. His work in the Masters degree program in Mechanical Engineering at the University of Texas at Austin was in di0ddase.r spectroscopy of combustion products in porous-matri burners. He received his Bachelors degree in Electrical Engineering in India. He was a Research Associate at the Centre for Laser Technology and Project Engi

Ship design is often multidisciplinary involving several design elements with various types of objectives and constraints (O/C) some easily described as mathematical formulas, others better modeled as descriptive assertions. This paper describes a method based on fuzzy functions and an integrated performance index to model O/C using descriptive assertions to be used with mathematical formulas in optimization. Another issue addressed in this paper concerns the coordination of design elements when sequentially coupled, that is, when one leads the other and the performance of the follower depends greatly on the design of the leader. Based on neuro-fuzzy techniques, the method described here coordinates and optimizes sequentially coupled elements. The two methods are applied to machinery arrangement (MA) and pipe routing (PR). Preliminary models for optimization of MA and PR are described considering convenience, producibility: engine room size, interference and location as factors in the O/C set. Some test results from MA/PR applications are presented and discussed. The methods are generic and can be extended to other elements in ship design. They are mutually independent and may be used separately Two advantages of their use are an improvement in overall performance and a reduction in the need for redesign of elements.

关键词： Optimization

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FOUNDATIONS OF DEEP SEA FLOOR .1.

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1969年第6期81卷 43-&页

作者： SMITH, RJ Mr. R. J. Smith received a B.S. degree in Civil Engineering from the California Institute of Technology in 1945 and was then commissioned and served on active duty with the Civil Engineering Corps of the Navy. In 1951 he obtained a Ph.D. degree in Marine Geology from Princeton University for ONR-sponsored research on the Caribbean island-are project and then continued this research in Central and South America as well as the Caribbean until 1961. At that time he aided in establishing the sea floor soil mechanics test program at the Naval Civil Engineering Laboratory in Port Hueneme and continued in this post until being transferred to the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey in 1967 to organize an Ocean Engineering curriculum for Naval Officers designated for the general deep submergence field. He has served in numerous operational capacities the most recent as scientific advisor for the H-bomb recovery effort of Palomares. He is currently Professor of Ocean Engineering at the Postgraduate School.

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MODERNIZATION OF THE BARQUE EAGLE

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1985年第4期97卷 49-57页

作者： TSAI, NT HACISKI, EC KUCINSKI, JJ Nien-tszr Tsai:is a naval architect with the Hull Section Naval Engineering Division U.S. Coast Guard Headquarters. He received his B.S. and M.S. in mechanical engineering from ChengKung University in Taiwan China and his Ph.D. in mechanical engineering from the University of Rochester in 1969. Prior to joining the Coast Guard in 1982 Mr. Tsai worked at General Dynamics Litton Ship Systems and the David Taylor Naval Ship Research and Development Center in the area of ship dynamics moored and towed ocean systems evaluation and development. He is a member of ASME and ASNE. Eugene C. Haciski:received his B.S. degree in mechanics from the Warsaw University of Technology in 1946 and his M.S. degree in naval architecture from the Polytechnical University of Gdansk Poland in 1950. Prior to joining the U.S. Coast Guard in 1967 he served as a project engineer in the Gdansk Ship Design Center and in the Shipyard Maua in Rio de Janeiro Brazil. After serving 7 years in the U.S. Coast Guard Yard in Curtis Bay Maryland as a supervisory naval architect and 3 years in the Merchant Marine Technical Division USCG he was assigned in 1976 to his current position of chief Hull Section Naval Engineering Division USCG Headquarters. LCDR. Joseph Kucinski:is currently assigned to the Coast Guard Yard as chief quality assurance. He has served in the Yard as ship superintendent and ship superintendent coordinator. Prior to his assignment at the Yard he served as engineer officer aboard USCGC Courageous. He has also served on USCGC Boutwell and as the marine safety officer Duluth Minn. He is a 1973 graduate of Officer Candidate School. LCdr. Kucinski has prior enlisted service in the Navy's nuclear power program.

The U.S. Coast Guard training barque Eagle (WIX-327), former Horst Wessel , was built in 1936, by Blohm & Voss in Germany, for the German Navy and to the rules of Germanischer Lloyd. Since 1946 she has served continuously as the training vessel for the U.S. Coast Guard Academy. To improve safety and performance, an extensive phased modernization was undertaken from 1979 through 1983 at the Coast Guard Yard. Changes in the subdivision, ballast and tankages were made to satisfy the criteria for two-compartment damage stability. Extensive renovation of machinery, structure, navigation components and habitability was also accomplished during the same period. Scheduled summer training cruises were maintainedeach year.

关键词： SAILING VESSELS

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Analysis of nonreciprocal mode-conversion properties of magnetooptic channel waveguides using the finite element method

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ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS IN JAPAN PART II-ELECTRONICS 1996年第10期79卷 32-39页

作者： Zhuang, XP Koshiba, M Tsuji, Y Faculty of Engineering Hokkaido University Sapporo Japan 060 Graduated from the Department of Communication Engineering Guellin Electronic Institute China in 1986. She received her M.S. degree from Hokkaido University in 1991 and was admitted to the doctoral program. She has been engaged in research on the optimum design of magnetooptic waveguides for nonreciprocal optical devices. Graduated in 1971 from the Department of Electronic Engineering Hokkaido University where he received his M.S. degree in 1973 and his Dr. of Eng. degree in 1976. In 1976 he became a Lecturer in the Department of Electronic Engineering Kitami Institute of Technology where he was promoted to Associate Professor in 1977. In 1979 he became an Associate Professor at Hokkaido University where he was promoted to Professor in 1987. He has been engaged in research on optical and wave electronics. In 1987 he received a Best Paper Award. He is the author ofFundamentals of Finite Element Method of Optics and Waves(Morigkata Publ.)Optical Waveguide Analysis(Asakura Publ.)Optical Waveguide Analysis(McGraw-Hill Book Co.) andOptical Waveguide Theory by the Finite Element Method(KTK Scientific Publishing/Kulwer Academic Publishers). He is also co-author of one book and has written chapters in six other books. He is a member of the Institute of Television Engineers of Japan the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan the Japan Society for Simulation Technology the Japan Society for Computational Methods in Engineering and the Japan Society of Applied Magnetics and Mechanics. He is also an IEEE Senior Member. Graduated in 1991 from me Department of Electronic Engineering Hokkaido University where he received his M.S. degree in 1993. He is currently in the doctoral program. He has been engaged in research on quantum wave phenomena and computer-aided design of optical and quantum effect devices.

To evaluate nonreciprocal mode conversion characteristics in a magnetooptic channel waveguide, a finite element analysis based on the scalar wave approximation is formulated for the first time. A simple iterative calculation method is conceived for solution of the nonlinear eigenvalue equations finally obtained in which the two polarizations are coupled. Specifically, the maximum isolation ratio in the mode-conversion-type magnetooptic rib guide was evaluated and the validity of the method is confirmed by comparison with published experimental results.

关键词： nonreciprocal optical devices magnetooptic waveguide nonreciprocal mode conversion finite element method numerical analysis

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Structural problems in penetrated spheres under pressure

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Naval Engineers Journal 1967年第N 2期v 79卷 p207-220页

作者： Vasta, J. Pohler, C. Becker, H. Winter, R. Mr. Vasta is Head of Hull Structures Branch Naval Ship Engineering Center of the Dept. of the Navy with the responsibility for hull structural design of surface ships and submarines and for planning initiating and technically monitoring research in the field of structural mechanics. Mr. Vasta attended New York University receiving the Bachelor of Science degree in Mechanical Engineering in 1930 and took postgraduate work at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology receiving the Master of Science degree in 1931. He worked in the Structural Mechanics Group of the U. S. Experimental Model Basin from 1931 to 1938. After a short duty at the Headquarters of the U. S. Coast Guard he joined the U. S. Maritime Commission where between 1939 and 1948 he held various positions of responsibility in the Technical Division. Subsequently he joined the former Bureau of Ships first as Head of the Scientific and Research Section from 1948 to 1964 and later as Assistant Chief Naval Architect for Engineering Sciences in the Naval Ship Engineering Center from 1965 to 1966. Mr. Vasta is a member of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineering and of the American Welding Society and is active in many research panels and committees including the Ship Structure Committee and panels in the Welding Research Council. He is chairman of the Hull Structures Committee of the Society of Naval Architects and chairman of the “Fatigue” panel of the International Ship Structure Congress. Mr. Pohler is Head of the Submarine Structural Mechanics Unit Hull Structures Branch of the Naval Ship Engineering Center with responsibility principally for technical direction of the Navy's submarine structural research program and for development of design criteria for submarine hulls. Mr. Pohler attended the University of Houston receiving the Bachelor of Science degree in Architectural Engineering in 1956 took postgraduate work at the University of California receiving the Master of Engineering degree in Naval Architecture in 1959. He wor

Report of study on stresses in hatches, windows, and adjacent regions in penetrated spheres under external pressure for use in deep submergence structures, using three-dimensional photoelasticity;stress distributions from conical hatches and windows are compared with available results obtained from testing of models and prototype bathyspheres, and conclusions are developed relating to strength and design of hatches and windows;results obtained from pressurizing small conical windows under constant long-term loading, as preliminary index of tendency of plexiglas windows to creep in service, are included.

关键词： Undersea technology

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