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Fast non-iterative algorithm for 3D point-cloud holography

Optics Express 2023年第22期31卷 36468-36485页

作者： Ersaro, Nathan Tessema Yalcin, Cem Murray, Liz Kabuli, Leyla Waller, Laura Muller, Rikky Graduate Program in Bioengineering University of California Berkeley and University of California San Francisco BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California Berkeley BerkeleyCA94720 United States

Recently developed iterative and deep learning-based approaches to computer-generated holography (CGH) have been shown to achieve high-quality photorealistic 3D images with spatial light modulators. However, such approaches remain overly cumbersome for patterning sparse collections of target points across a photoresponsive volume in applications including biological microscopy and material processing. Specifically, in addition to requiring heavy computation that cannot accommodate real-time operation in mobile or hardware-light settings, existing sampling-dependent 3D CGH methods preclude the ability to place target points with arbitrary precision, limiting accessible depths to a handful of planes. Accordingly, we present a non-iterative point cloud holography algorithm that employs fast deterministic calculations in order to efficiently allocate patches of SLM pixels to different target points in the 3D volume and spread the patterning of all points across multiple time frames. Compared to a matched-performance implementation of the iterative Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm, our algorithm’s relative computation speed advantage was found to increase with SLM pixel count, reaching >100,000x at 512 × 512 array format. © 2023 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Iterative methods

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Optimal control of electric automated buses in intercity lines: scenario-based analysis of the Pareto-optimal solutions

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2024年第10期58卷 37-42页

作者： C. Pasquale S. Sacone S. Siri A. Ferrara Department of Informatics Bioengineering Robotics and Systems Engineering University of Genova Italy Department of Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering University of Pavia Italy

This paper deals with the optimal control of electric and automated buses that have to follow an intercity line, where some stops are equipped with a flash-charging infrastructure to charge the batteries, while others are not. In order to control these buses, it is necessary to account for the traffic conditions along the roads of the bus line, and to minimize two objectives related to the deviations from the bus timetable and the lack of energy, at the end of the bus trip, with respect to a desired final energy level. The resulting optimal control problem is a multi-objective linear quadratic problem with both continuous and integer variables. In this paper, we propose and apply two methods based on lexicographic ordering aimed at determining the Pareto-optimal solutions of the control problem in twelve scenarios inspired by a real case.

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Active Cancellation of Direct Feedthrough Enables 100-fold More Sensitive Mass-Limited Detection in Magnetic Particle Sensing Systems

Active Cancellation of Direct Feedthrough Enables 100-fold M...

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2023 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference, BioCAS 2023

作者： Huynh, Quincy Doyle, Owen Fung, K.L Barry Saayujya, Chinmoy Conolly, Steven University of California Berkeley Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences BerkeleyCA United States University of California Berkeley Department of Bioengineering BerkeleyCA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350300260

Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a tracer imaging modality that detects superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIOs), enabling sensitive, radiation-free imaging of cells and disease pathologies. The arbitrary waveform relaxometer (AWR) is an indispensable platform for developing magnetic nanoparticle tracers and evaluating tracer performance for magnetic particle imaging applications. One of the biggest challenges in arbitrary waveform excitation is direct feedthrough interference, which is usually six orders of magnitude larger than the signal from magnetic nanoparticles. This work will showcase hardware that suppresses this interference by an order of magnitude, increasing the dynamic range of the instrument and enabling mass-limited detection at full scale range. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： active cancellation direct feedthrough interference magnetic particle imaging magnetic particle relaxometry magnetic particle spectroscopy

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High-throughput terahertz imaging:progress and challenges

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第10期12卷 2053-2073页

作者： Xurong Li Jingxi Li Yuhang Li Aydogan Ozcan Mona Jarrahi Department of Electrical&Computer Engineering University of California Los Angeles(UCLA)Los AngelesCA90095USA California NanoSystems Institute(CNSI) University of California Los Angeles(UCLA)Los AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Bioengineering University of California Los Angeles(UCLA)Los AngelesCA 90095USA

Many exciting terahertz imaging applications,such as non-destructive evaluation,biomedical diagnosis,and security screening,have been historically limited in practical usage due to the raster-scanning requirement of imaging systems,which impose very low imaging ***,recent advancements in terahertz imaging systems have greatly increased the imaging throughput and brought the promising potential of terahertz radiation from research laboratories closer to real-world ***,we review the development of terahertz imaging technologies from both hardware and computational imaging *** introduce and compare different types of hardware enabling frequency-domain and time-domain imaging using various thermal,photon,and field image sensor *** discuss how different imaging hardware and computational imaging algorithms provide opportunities for capturing time-of-flight,spectroscopic,phase,and intensity image data at high ***,the new prospects and challenges for the development of future high-throughput terahertz imaging systems are briefly introduced.

关键词： hardware closer terahertz

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MicroLED Arrays as Light Source for Optical Sectioning-SIM and Targeted Illumination Imaging

MicroLED Arrays as Light Source for Optical Sectioning-SIM a...

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International Symposium, Seminar, and Exhibition, Display Week 2024

作者： Kumar, Vikrant Saladrigas, Catherine A. Durnan, Oliver Speed, Forest Bright, Victor M. Restrepo, Diego Gibson, Emily A. Gopinath, Juliet T. Kymissis, Ioannis Department of Electrical Engineering Columbia University New York United States Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering University of Colorado Boulder United States Department of Physics University of Colorado Boulder United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Colorado Boulder United States Department of Bioengineering University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora United States

This work discusses microLED arrays as light sources for implementing optical sectioning structured illumination microscopy (OS-SIM) and targeted illumination (TI) for neural imaging applications. We demonstrated a microstripe array to generate patterned light for OS-SIM and an individually addressable 20x20 microLED array as a light source for implementing TI in a widefield imaging setup. © 2024, John Wiley and Sons Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Light Source MicroLED Arrays Neural Imaging Optical Sectioning Targeted Illumination

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High-yield and rapid isolation of extracellular vesicles by flocculation via orbital acoustic trapping:FLOAT

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 313-323页

作者： Joseph Rufo Peiran Zhang Zeyu Wang Yuyang Gu Kaichun Yang Joseph Rich Chuyi Chen Ruoyu Zhong Ke Jin Ye He Jianping Xia Ke Li Jiarong Wu Yingshi Ouyang Yoel Sadovsky Luke P.Lee Tony Jun Huang Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA Department of Biomedical Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA Department of Obstetrics Gynecologyand Reproductive SciencesMagee-Womens Research InstituteUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics School of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Renal Division and Division of Engineering in Medicine Department of MedicineBrigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Department of Bioengineering Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer ScienceUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyBerkeleyCAUSA Department of Biophysics Institute of Quantum BiophysicsSungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonKorea

Extracellular vesicles(EVs)have been identified as promising biomarkers for the noninvasive diagnosis of various ***,challenges in separating EVs from soluble proteins have resulted in variable EV recovery rates and low ***,we report a high-yield(>90%)and rapid(<10 min)EV isolation method called FLocculation via Orbital Acoustic Trapping(FLOAT).The FLOAT approach utilizes an acoustofluidic droplet centrifuge to rotate and controllably heat liquid *** adding a thermoresponsive polymer flocculant,nanoparticles as small as 20 nm can be rapidly and selectively concentrated at the center of the *** demonstrate the ability of FLOAT to separate urinary EVs from the highly abundant Tamm-Horsfall protein,addressing a significant obstacle in the development of EV-based liquid *** to its high-yield nature,FLOAT reduces biofluid starting volume requirements by a factor of 100(from 20 mL to 200µL),demonstrating its promising potential in point-of-care diagnostics.

关键词： trapping utilize separating

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Soft Artificial Synapse Electronics

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Research 2024年第4期8卷 101-118页

作者： Md.Rayid Hasan Mojumder Seongchan Kim Cunjiang Yu Department of Electrical Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of IllinoisUrbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of IllinoisUrbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering University of IllinoisUrbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA Department of Bioengineering University of IllinoisUrbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA Materials Research Laboratory University of IllinoisUrbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of IllinoisUrbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA Nick Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory University of IllinoisUrbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA

Soft electronics,known for their bendable,stretchable,and flexible properties,are revolutionizing fields such as biomedical sensing,consumer electronics,and robotics.A primary challenge in this domain is achieving low power consumption,often hampered by the limitations of the conventional von Neumann *** response,the development of soft artificial synapses(SASs)has gained substantial *** synapses seek to replicate the signal transmission properties of biological synapses,offering an innovative solution to this *** review explores the materials and device architectures integral to SAS fabrication,emphasizing flexibility and stability under mechanical *** architectures,including floating-gate dielectric,ferroelectric-gate dielectric,and electrolyte-gate dielectric,are analyzed for effective weight control in *** utilization of organic and low-dimensional materials is highlighted,showcasing their plasticity and energy-efficient ***,the paper investigates the integration of functionality into SASs,particularly focusing on devices that autonomously sense external *** SASs,capable of recognizing optical,mechanical,chemical,olfactory,and auditory cues,demonstrate promising applications in computing and sensing.A detailed examination of photo-functionalized,tactile-functionalized,and chemoreception-functionalized SASs reveals their potential in image recognition,tactile sensing,and chemosensory applications,*** study highlights that SASs and functionalized SAS devices hold transformative potential for bioelectronics and sensing for soft-robotics applications;however,further research is necessary to address scalability,longtime stability,and utilizing functionalized SASs for prosthetics and in vivo applications through clinical *** providing a comprehensive overview,this paper contributes to the understanding of SASs,bridging research gaps and paving the way tow

关键词： dielectric utilizing gained

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Evaluating Smoothness of Force for Surgical Skill Assessment 46

Evaluating Smoothness of Force for Surgical Skill Assessment

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46th Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC 2024

作者： Singh, Simar P. Shayan, Amir Mehdi Gao, Jianxin Biblev, Joe Groff, Richard E. Singapogu, Ravikiran Clemson University Department of Bioengineering ClemsonSC United States Clemson University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering ClemsonSC United States Clemson University Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences ClemsonSC United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371499

The efficient execution of surgical operations plays a crucial role in optimizing patient outcomes, evidencing the need for effective training methods to improve surgical skills. Medical training simulators, praised for objective, automated skill assessment, require instrumented sensors and relevant metrics for targeted feedback on important aspects of a surgical procedure. Traditional metrics that capture a single instance of force, such as peak or range, lack the characterization of the entire force profile and lose subtleties that may limit accurate evaluation of the skilled application of force, a valuable aspect of assessment in surgery. This study introduces novel force metrics inspired by motion smoothness-based measures, analyzed on an extensive dataset of 97 subjects suturing on an open vascular suturing simulator. We validated the effectiveness of these metrics by comparing the metric scores for subjects with different skill levels. Our findings highlight the value of these advanced force metrics as robust indicators of suturing performance, demonstrating their valuable potential for more accurate and objective skill assessment in surgical *** Relevance - - The force metrics presented in this study seek to quantify the widely used category of assessment in surgery, "respect for tissue", potentially benefiting surgical education with an improved evaluation of this aspect of the suturing skill. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Transplantation (surgical)

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Training Students to Establish and Maintain Positive Group Dynamics in Design and Design-Based Classes 53

Training Students to Establish and Maintain Positive Group D...

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53rd IEEE ASEE Frontiers in Education International Conference, FIE 2023

作者： Ansell, Katie Reck, Rebecca M. Golecki, Holly Schmitz, Christopher University of Illinois Department of Physics Urbana United States University of Illinois Department of Bioengineering Urbana United States University of Illinois Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Urbana United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350336429

Teaming of students in design-based engineering courses improves outcomes for projects and replicates the working environment of engineers. Yet the group-level and individual benefits of working in groups depend on healthy group function. In lab and design-based courses, where assignments are typically more open-ended and have high levels of interdependency, unhealthy group dynamics lead to issues such as inequitable division of labor and an undervaluing of certain students' thoughts and ideas. Context-based strategies like pre-assigned groups, task design, or peer grading mitigate these issues, but do not necessarily improve students' abilities to work together. We propose a learner-centered approach to group work in classes, in which instructors use context strategies while training students to establish, maintain, and repair group dynamics across the duration of a semester of instruction. Facilitated by a community of practice of laboratory and design instructors, common assignments to establish and support healthy group dynamics were administered in four design-focused courses at a large public university. Interventions included a beginning of semester team contract activity, a mid-semester reflection activity, and an end of semester self- and peer evaluation. This Work-in-Progress presents this Innovative Practice in its development and early assessment stages. Guiding principles and implementation across multiple course contexts are described, with suggestions as to how instructors may respond to information from these interventions. The aim of this work is for instructors to get a sense of how such a longitudinal, student-centered approach to team dynamics may be applied in their own teaching practice. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Design Interdisciplinary Laboratory Team dynamics

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Stability Assessment of Ultramicroelectrode Arrays in Neural Stimulation: An Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Analysis 46

Stability Assessment of Ultramicroelectrode Arrays in Neural...

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46th Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC 2024

作者： Dong, Qiwei Ezeh, Cynthia Wu, Yupeng Hetke, Jamille F. Cogan, Stuart Orazem, Mark E. Otto, Kevin J. University of Florida Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering United States University of Florida Department of Chemical Engineering United States The University of Texas Department of Bioengineering Department of Material Sciences & Engineering Dallas United States NeuroNexus United States University of Florida J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371499

The overall focus of this research program is to investigate the viability and safety of microelectrode arrays (MEAs) and ultramicroelectrode arrays (UMEAs) for microstimulation (μStim) in the brain. We aim to assess their potential to deliver adequate electrical stimulation for neural activation without causing electrode or tissue damage. To this end, here we conducted galvanostatic Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) to assess the behavior of electrodes of various diameters both pre- and post-stimulation in a rat model. Our first-generation electrode arrays (G1) were designed with electrode diameters spanning 3 orders of magnitude and including subcellular dimensions. Using these devices, we delivered 0.4 nC/phase stimulation in vivo. We conducted in vitro EIS measurements before and after the current pulsing. Our findings show that these electrode arrays, including UMEAs, exhibit stable electrochemical behavior following a 0.4 nC/phase current pulse. To validate the EIS frequency range used for the G1 measurements, we designed a second-generation electrode array (G2) that included a terminating lead and a looping lead. This array provided the ability to assess the accuracy contour plot of our EIS system and electrode array platform. This exploratory research contributes to the ongoing knowledge of UMEAs in μStim applications. These developments may result in high-fidelity, non-damaging multichannel μStim, and improved neuromodulation technology for the treatment of neural diseases and injuries. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

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