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Reversible data hiding scheme using prediction neural network and adaptive modulation mapping

Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第9期84卷 6665-6686页

作者： Chen, Si-Sheng Chang, Chin-Chen Horng, Ji-Hwei School of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence Fujian Polytechnic Normal University Fujian Fuzhou35030 China Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science Feng Chia University Taichung40724 Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Quemoy University Kinmen89250 Taiwan

Prediction error expansion (PEE) is an attractive approach for reversible data hiding (RDH). The key issue for PEE-based RDH is to improve the prediction accuracy and design a better modulation mapping. This paper proposes a novel prediction error modulation (PEM) scheme, which comprises a prediction neural network and a modulation mapping rule generation algorithm. We use the multi-scale feature extraction (MSFE) module and the residual dense networks (RDN) to construct the prediction neural network. In the proposed RDH scheme, the cover image is divided into two parts, the reference pixel set and the cover pixel set, based on the chessboard pattern. The prediction network serves to predict the values of the cover pixel set using the reference pixel set. An optimization model is set up to adaptively determine the optimal modulation mapping for data hiding based on the specific prediction-error histogram and payload constraint. Experimental results show the superiority of the proposed prediction neural network and the optimized modulation mapping compared with related works. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Mapping

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Adversarial Machine Learning for Social Good: Reframing the Adversary as an Ally

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2024年第9期5卷 4322-4343页

作者： Al-Maliki, Shawqi Qayyum, Adnan Ali, Hassan Abdallah, Mohamed Qadir, Junaid Hoang, Dinh Thai Niyato, Dusit Al-Fuqaha, Ala Division College of Science and Engineering Doha34110 Qatar Information Technology University Lahore54000 Pakistan University of New South Wales Sydney Sydney2052 Australia Qatar University Department of Computer Science and Engineering College of Engineering Doha34110 Qatar University of Technology Sydney School of Electrical and Data Engineering Sydney2052 Australia Nanyang Technological University College of Computing and Data Science 639798 Singapore

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been the driving force behind many of the recent advances in machine learning. However, research has shown that DNNs are vulnerable to adversarial examples - input samples that have been perturbed to force DNN-based models to make errors. As a result, adversarial machine learning (AdvML) has gained a lot of attention, and researchers have investigated these vulnerabilities in various settings and modalities. In addition, DNNs have also been found to incorporate embedded bias and often produce unexplainable predictions, which can result in antisocial AI applications. The emergence of new AI technologies that leverage large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT and GPT-4, increases the risk of producing antisocial applications at scale. AdvML for social good (AdvML4G) is an emerging field that repurposes the AdvML bug to invent prosocial applications. Regulators, practitioners, and researchers should collaborate to encourage the development of prosocial applications and hinder the development of antisocial ones. In this work, we provide the first comprehensive review of the emerging field of AdvML4G. This paper encompasses a taxonomy that highlights the emergence of AdvML4G, a discussion of the differences and similarities between AdvML4G and AdvML, a taxonomy covering social good-related concepts and aspects, an exploration of the motivations behind the emergence of AdvML4G at the intersection of ML4G and AdvML, and an extensive summary of the works that utilize AdvML4G as an auxiliary tool for innovating prosocial applications. Finally, we elaborate upon various challenges and open research issues that require significant attention from the research community. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Taxonomies

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Dual Attention and Question Categorization-Based Visual Question Answering

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2023年第1期4卷 81-91页

作者： Mishra, Aakansha Anand, Ashish Guha, Prithwijit Department of Computer Science & Engineering Guwahati781039 India Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering Guwahati781039 India Mehta Family School of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati781039 India

Visual question answering (VQA) aims at predicting an answer to a natural language question associated with an image. This work focuses on two important issues pertaining to VQA, which is a complex multimodal AI task: First, the task of answer prediction in a large output answer space, and second, to obtain enriched representation through cross-modality interactions. This work aims to address these two issues by proposing a dual attention (DA) and question categorization (QC)-based visual question answering model (DAQC-VQA). DAQC-VQA has three main network modules: First, a novel dual attention mechanism that helps toward the objective of obtaining an enriched cross-domain representation of the two modalities;second, a question classifier subsystem for identifying input (natural language) question category. The second module of question categorizer helps in reducing the answer search space;and third, a subsystem for predicting answer depending on the question category. All component networks of DAQC-VQA are trained in an end-to-end manner with a joint loss function. The performance of DAQC-VQA is evaluated on two widely used VQA datasets, viz., TDIUC and VQA2.0. Experimental results demonstrate competitive performance of DAQC-VQA against the recent state-of-the-art VQA models. An ablation analysis indicates that the enriched representation obtained using the proposed dual-attention mechanism helps improve performance. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Forecasting

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A Comprehensive Exploration of Real-Time 3-D View Reconstruction Methods

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2024年第12期5卷 5915-5927页

作者： Agrawal, Arya Sharma, Teena Verma, Nishchal K. Vellore Institute of Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore632014 India Indian Institute of Technology Mehta Family School of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Guwahati781039 India Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Department of Electrical Engineering 208016 India

Real-time 3-D view reconstruction in an unfamiliar environment poses complexity for various applications due to varying conditions such as occlusion, latency, precision, etc. This article thoroughly examines and tests contemporary methodologies addressing challenges in 3-D view reconstruction. The methods being explored in this article are categorized into volumetric and mesh, generative adversarial network based, and open source library based methods. The exploration of these methods undergoes detailed discussions, encompassing methods, advantages, limitations, and empirical results. The real-time testing of each method is done on benchmarked datasets, including ShapeNet, Pascal 3D+, Pix3D, etc. The narrative highlights the crucial role of 3-D view reconstruction in domains such as robotics, virtual and augmented reality, medical imaging, cultural heritage preservation, etc. The article also anticipates future scopes by exploring generative models, unsupervised learning, and advanced sensor fusion to increase the robustness of the algorithms. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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An Attention-Based Model for Clinical Time Series Prediction: Enhancing ICU Readmission Prediction 14

An Attention-Based Model for Clinical Time Series Prediction...

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14th International Conference on computer and Knowledge engineering, ICCKE 2024

作者： Madinei, Hananeh Sadat Keyvanpour, Mohammad Reza Shojaedini, Seyed Vahab Data Mining Laboratory Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Alzahra University Tehran Iran Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Alzahra University Tehran Iran Department of Electrical Engineering Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9798331511272

— In recent years, time series prediction has become a highly interesting topic in various applied areas, including clinical time series analysis. Hospitals and other clinical healthcare systems collect Electronic Health Records. These records contain important information that needs to be mined. This information provides a solid basis for predicting hospital readmission, helping to improve healthcare, enhance patient outcomes, and optimize hospital resources. This study introduces a novel deep learning attention-based approach for predicting 30-day ICU readmissions using clinical time series information extracted from the MIMIC III dataset. This approach incorporates time-aware positional encoding into the attention mechanism to enhance predictive performance by capturing the temporal representation of data and considering the temporal order of clinical time series data. This model is compared with cutting-edge models. The significant enhancements in the model performance achieved by the proposed method highlight the effectiveness of incorporating time-aware positional encoding in capturing temporal dependencies and improving prediction outcomes. These results underscore the potential of advanced attention mechanisms in clinical time series analysis. ©2024 IEEE.

关键词： Electronic health record

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Dependable DPU Architectures on AMD-Xilinx Versal Adaptive SoCs for Space Applications

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IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems 2025年第3期61卷 6629-6646页

作者： Perryman, Noah Sabogal, Sebastian Wilson, Christopher George, Alan University of Pittsburgh Electrical and Computer Engineering Department PittsburghPA15213 United States NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Science Data Processing Branch GreenbeltMD20771 United States

Space-computing platforms have considerable performance restrictions that are imposed by the limited onboard-processing capabilities provided by heritage flight computers. Conversely, there is a growing need for increased system autonomy enabled by deep learning (DL) to maximize performance and minimize the burden of ground-based processing. To address these limitations, domain-specific architectures with specialized acceleration hardware, such as the AMD-Xilinx Versal adaptive System-on-Chip (SoC), have been developed. This heterogeneous platform contains significant energy-efficient compute capabilities, but it is susceptible to radiation-induced effects. Therefore, the dependability of the device must be characterized prior to inclusion on future space-computing platforms. In addition, several popular DL models exist, but each model provides unique accuracy, performance, energy-efficiency, and dependability characteristics that must be thoroughly understood. In this research, we propose a methodology for evaluating and analyzing dependable computing on AMD-Xilinx deep learning processing unit (DPU) architectures on Versal SoCs using simulated radiation-induced single-event effects through memory-mapped data fault injection. Using our proposed methodology, we perform this fault injection on three Versal AI Core and two Versal AI Edge DPU architectures and evaluate system performance, power consumption, energy efficiency, resource utilization, and dependability on three deployed DL models. Due to innate DPU configurability, our analysis also explores adding varying degrees of triple modular redundancy (TMR) through different DPU architectural features for increased dependability. We leveraged our fault-injection methodology to demonstrate a 24.65× average reduction in critical bits of our TMR DPU architectures compared to the unmitigated baseline, showcasing a significant increase in system dependability. © 1965-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Program processors computer architecture Radiation hardening (electronics) Reliability Energy efficiency Computational modeling Field programmable gate arrays Performance evaluation computers

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A Robust Framework for Epileptic Seizure Diagnosis: Utilizing GRU-CNN Architectures in EEG Signal Analysis 20

A Robust Framework for Epileptic Seizure Diagnosis: Utilizin...

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20th CSI International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence and Signal Processing, AISP 2024

作者： Nikoupour, Maryam Keyvanpour, Mohammad Reza Shojaedini, Seyed Vahab Alzahra University Data Mining Laboratory Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Tehran Iran Alzahra University Faculty of Engineering Department of Computer Engineering Tehran Iran Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9798350383942

Seizures that take place repeatedly and without provocation are referred to as epilepsy. Epilepsy can be diagnosed with electroencephalography (EEG). One of the most influential challenges of the past few years has been the use of deep learning algorithms to replace manual inspection of medical signals by specialists, such as epilepsy signal classification. This paper presents a multi-label classification approach for epileptic seizures using deep learning. UCI machine learning repository's epileptic seizure dataset has been used to classify epileptic seizure patients. 178 features are present in each of the 11500 samples in the dataset. Based on a variety of criteria, the proposed method may have a positive impact on epilepsy diagnosis, in most cases by approximately 6% compared with existing methods utilizing long short-term memory (LSTM) and autoencoder. It is possible thus to develop and apply gated recurrent unit-based methods with good potential for categorizing EEG signals for epilepsy diagnosis based on gated recurrent unit (GRU)-CNN based methods. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Electroencephalography

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MeRino: Entropy-Driven Design for Generative Language Models on IoT Devices 39

MeRino: Entropy-Driven Design for Generative Language Models...

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39th Annual AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2025

作者： Zhao, Youpeng Lin, Ming Tang, Huadong Wu, Qiang Wang, Jun Department of Computer Science University of Central Florida United States School of Electrical and Data Engineering University of Technology Sydney Australia

ISBN: (纸本)157735897X

Generative Large Language Models (LLMs) stand as a revolutionary advancement in the modern era of artificial intelligence (AI). However, scaling down LLMs for resource-constrained hardware, such as Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices requires non-trivial efforts and domain knowledge. In this paper, we propose a novel information-entropy framework for designing mobile-friendly generative language models. The whole design procedure involves solving a mathematical programming (MP) problem, which can be done on the CPU within minutes, making it nearly zero-cost. We evaluate our designed models, termed MeRino, across fourteen NLP downstream tasks, showing their competitive performance against the state-of-the-art autoregressive transformer models under the mobile setting. Notably, MeRino achieves similar or better performance on both language modeling and zero-shot learning tasks, compared to the 350M parameter OPT while being 4.9× faster on NVIDIA Jetson Nano with 5.5× reduction in model size. Copyright © 2025, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (***). All rights reserved.

关键词： Zero-shot learning

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QRCODE: Quasi-Residual Convex Deep Network for Fusing Misaligned Hyperspectral and Multispectral Images

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IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 2024年 62卷 1-15页

作者： Lin, Chia-Hsiang Hsu, Chih-Chung Young, Si-Sheng Hsieh, Cheng-Ying Tai, Shen-Chieh National Cheng Kung University Department of Electrical Engineering Miin Wu School of Computing Tainan70101 Taiwan Institute of Data Science Miin Wu School of Computing National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan National Cheng Kung University Institute of Computer and Communication Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering Tainan70101 Taiwan Institute of Data Science National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan

Considering that hyperspectral image (HSI) is often of lower spatial resolution when compared to multispectral image (MSI), an economical approach for obtaining a high-spatial-resolution (HSR) HSI is to fuse the acquired HSI and MSI, thereby greatly facilitating the subsequent material identification and classification in satellite remote sensing. As satellite-acquired HSI and MSI are often misaligned, the proposed deep neural network does not require the input HSI/MSI to be spatially co-registered, making the challenging fusion network design even more difficult. In this study, we propose a streamlined and efficient convex model integrated into the subnetwork, which obviates the need for complex network structures in learning spatial-spectral relationships, effectively guiding the quasi-residual learning task in our alignment-free fusion network. The convex subnetwork is a low-rank model that leverages the convex geometric structure implicitly embedded in the hyperspectral signature space. To address the misalignment between HSI and MSI effectively, we introduce a novel shifted window attention module (SWAM) that exploits the neighboring correlation in the feature domain, significantly enhancing the performance and stability of the fusion task. Capitalizing on the redundancy among spectrums, we employ grouped convolution to decrease the computational complexity without causing additional performance degradation. The proposed quasi-residual convex deep (QRCODE) network demonstrates the state-of-the-art performance in alignment-free HSI/MSI fusion tasks. © 1980-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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A Survey of Integrating Generative Artificial Intelligence and 6G Mobile Services: Architectures, Solutions, Technologies and Outlooks

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IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking 2025年第3期11卷 1334-1356页

作者： Liu, Yi-Jing Du, Hongyang Xu, Xinyi Zhang, Ruichen Feng, Gang Cao, Bin Niyato, Dusit In Kim, Dong Jamalipour, Abbas Ben Letaief, Khaled Tafazolli, Rahim University of Electronic Science and Technology of China National Key Laboratory on Wireless Communications Chengdu610054 China University of Hong Kong Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Hong Kong Nanyang Technological University College of Computing and Data Science Jurong West Singapore Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing100876 China Sungkyunkwan University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Suwon03063 Korea Republic of University of Sydney School of Electrical and Computer Engineering SydneyNSW2006 Australia Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Hong Kong Institute for Communication Systems School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering University of Surrey GuildfordGU2 7XH United Kingdom

Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) is rapidly driving a new phase of artificial intelligence revolution, marked by various applications such as ChatGPT, Sora and DeepSeek. With powerful capabilities in content generation, personalization and user interaction, GenAI can drive significant enhancements in various mobile services to satisfy individual user preferences. Meanwhile, mobile services offer substantial support for accessibility, functionality and intelligence of GenAI applications. However, current research on integrating GenAI and mobile services remains nascent, lacking necessary theoretical and technical support. In this survey, we break down a new vision to guide research on integrating GenAI and mobile services, aiming to improve 6G intelligence levels and enable 6G mobile networks to support the integration of GenAI and mobile services effectively. We begin by examining the necessity of integrating GenAI with 6G mobile services and exploring potential learning architectures of GenAI models within mobile networks. Next, we analyze potential solutions from two perspectives: how 6G mobile networks empower GenAI and how GenAI enables mobile services. We subsequently explore a promising use case, along with essential features and techniques, to facilitate the integration of GenAI and mobile services. Finally, we discuss future research directions, aiming at realizing intelligent 6G networks. © 2015 IEEE.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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