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Local indistinguishability of orthogonal pure states by using a bound on distillable entanglement

Physical Review A 2002年第6期65卷 062307-062307页

作者： Sibasish Ghosh Guruprasad Kar Anirban Roy Debasis Sarkar Aditi Sen(De) Ujjwal Sen Electrical Engineering Department University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California 90095 Physics and Applied Mathematics Unit Indian Statistical Institute 203 BT Road Kolkata 700035 India Department of Applied Mathematics University of Calcutta 92 APC Road Kolkata 700009 India Institute of Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics University of Gdańsk 80-952 Gdańsk Poland Institute for Scientific Interchange (ISI) Foundation Viale Settimio Severo 65 I-10133 Torino Italy

We show that the four states a|00〉+b|11〉, b¯|00〉−ā|11〉, c|01〉+d|10〉, and d¯|01〉−c¯|10〉 cannot be discriminated with certainty if only local operations and classical communication (LOCC) are allowed and if only a single copy is provided, except in the case when they are simply |00〉, |11〉, |01〉, and |10〉 (in which case they are trivially distinguishable with LOCC). We go on to show that there exists a continuous range of values of a, b, c, and d such that even three states among the above four are not locally distinguishable, if only a single copy is provided. The proof follows from the fact that logarithmic negativity is an upper bound of distillable entanglement.

关键词： Electron energy levels

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OPTIMIZATION OF WHITE ALL-SEMICONDUCTOR LAMP FOR SOLID-STATE LIGHTING APPLICATIONS

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International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 2002年第2期12卷 429-437页

作者： ARTŪRAS ŽUKAUSKAS RIMANTAS VAICEKAUSKAS FELIKSAS IVANAUSKAS MICHAEL S. SHUR REMIS GASKA Institute of Materials Science and Applied Research Vilnius University Saulėtekio 9-III LT-2040 Vilnius Lithuania Faculty of Mathematics and Information Science Vilnius University Naugarduko 24 LT-2006 Vilnius Lithuania Department of Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy New York 12180 USA

A stochastic method is used to optimize white all-semiconductor lamps composed of tree, four, and five primary light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with Gaussian spectra and realistic line widths typical of AlGalnP and AlGalnP LEDs. Within an optimal set of central wavelengths and relative powers, a trade-off between luminous efficacy and the general color rendering index can be performed. The quadrichromatic all-semiconductor lamp is shown to meet most needs of deluxe general lighting. However, practical implementation of this lamp requires substantial improvement of LEDs in the yellow-green region (~570 nm).

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Direct calculation of the noise evolution in a highly nonlinear transmission system using the covariance matrix

Direct calculation of the noise evolution in a highly nonlin...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： R. Holzohner C.R. Menyuk V.S. Grigoryan W.L. Kath Dept. of Comput. Sci. & Electr. Eng. Maryland Univ. Baltimore MD USA PhotonEx Corporation Maynard MA Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore MD USA Department of Engineering Sciences and Applied Mathematics Northwestern University Evanston IL USA

Summary form only given. In this work, we report for the first time the successful direct calculation of the covariance matrix /spl Hscr/ that characterizes the noise propagation, in a dispersion-managed soliton (DMS) system at 10 Gb/s over a distance of 24,000 km. We transmit the 8-bit sequence 11101000 in a time window of 800 ps in a single channel; all pulses are co-polarized. The calculation that we present here is completely deterministic in contrast to earlier work in which we reported the calculation of /spl Hscr/ based on Monte Carlo simulations. This deterministic approach requires substantially less CPU time while producing a much higher level of accuracy.

关键词： Optical noise Timing jitter Noise shaping Bit error rate Optical receivers Optical fibers Semiconductor optical amplifiers Noise level Optical propagation Fiber nonlinear optics

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Derivation of Non-linear Reynolds-type Problem for Lubrication of a Rotating Shaft

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ZAMM - Journal of applied mathematics and Mechanics / Zeitschrift für Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik 2002年第5期82卷

作者： A. Duvnjak Dr. Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing Department of Applied Mathematics University of Zagreb Unska 3 CRO-10000 Zagreb Croatia

Wir betrachten den nicht-Newtonschen Fluss in einem dünnen Bereich zwischen einer rotierenden Achse und einem geschmierten Lager, der gesteuert wird durch Zuführen einer Flüssigkeit. Der Fluss wird durch die 3D inkompressiblen Navier-Stokes-(Stokes-)Gleichungen mit nichtlinearer Viskosität beschrieben, welche eine Potenz der Scher-Rate ist (Potenzgesetz). Wir betrachten den Fall, bei dem die Dicke des Zwischenraums gegen Null geht, und beweisen, dass der Grenzdruck die nichtlineare 2D Reynolds-Schmiergleichung erfüllt. Desweiteren wird ein Konvergenztheorem für die Geschwindigkeit und den Druck in geeigneten Funktionenräumen bewiesen. We consider the non-Newtonian flow in a thin domain between a rotating shaft and lubricated support, governed by injection of a fluid. The flow is described by the 3D incompressible Navier-Stokes (Stokes) system with a nonlinear viscosity, being a power of the shear rate (power law). We consider the limit when domain thickness tends to zero and prove that the limit pressure satisfies the non-linear two-dimensional Reynolds lubrication equation. Furthermore, we prove a convergence theorem for the velocity and the pressure in appropriate function spaces.

关键词： non-Newtonian flow non-linear Reynolds problem power law

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Characterization & analysis of sub-grain boundaries in sequential lateral solidification processed SOI films

Characterization & analysis of sub-grain boundaries in seque...

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2001 MRS Spring Meeting

作者： Crowder, M.A. Limanov, A.B. Turk, B.A. Im, James S. Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics School of Engineering and Applied Science Columbia University New York NY 10027 United States Department of Electrical Engineering

ISBN: (纸本)1558996214

The nature of the formation of sub-grain boundaries within sequential lateral solidification (SLS) processed thin silicon films has been examined using single crystal Si films as a precursor material. Experimental details include the use of an excimer laser projection system and straight-slit beamlets to produce directionally solidified microstructures. Within the SLS processed silicon-on-insulator (SOI) films, three microstructurally distinct regions are identified: (1) an initial planar defect-free area (the extent of which can depend on laser fluence and orientation);(2) a transitional area within which the sub-grain boundaries appear and propagate in a well-defined direction relative to the crystallographic orientation;and (3) a final area characterized by sub-grain boundaries aligning approximately to the scan direction, and the in-plane texture becoming more random. We discuss the results within the context of a plastic deformation model of sub-grain boundary formation. © 2001 Materials Research Society.

关键词： Thin films

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Electric accidents in the production, transmission, and distribution of electric energy: A review of the literature

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International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics 2001年第3期7卷 285-307页

作者： Batra, Paraskevi E. Ioannides, Maria G. Department of Applied Physics and Mathematics National Technical University of Athens Greece Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Technical University of Athens Greece

Many work related electric accidents occurred in electric energy industries and they were very often fatal. The situation of electric accidents in electric companies worldwide is investigated by reviewing the scientific literature, to offer perspectives on the types and kinds of statistics available, the factors regarded as influencing their occurrence, their consequences, and also methodological shortcomings. Worldwide, reliable comparable data exist and indicate a downward trend in fatal electric accidents. Difficulties were encountered in compiling international statistics because of differences in how accident data were defined and recorded, variations in mandatory practices, lack of suitable data and indices, accident insurance systems, and lack of correlation between technical, financial, and medical aspects. © 2001 Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.

关键词： Distribution of electric energy Occupational accident statistics production Occupational electric accident Occupational electrocutions Transmission

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Complex diffusion processes for image filtering 3

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3rd International Conference on Scale-Space and Morphology in Computer Vision, Scale-Space 2001

作者： Gilboa, Guy Zeevi, Yehoshua Y. Sochen, Nir A. Department of Electrical Engineering Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Technion City Haifa32000 Israel Department of Applied Mathematics University of Tel-Aviv Ramat-Aviv Tel-Aviv69978 Israel

ISBN: (纸本)9783540423171

A framework that naturally unifies smoothing and enhancement processes is presented. We generalize the linear and nonlinear scale spaces in the complex domain, by combining the diffusion equation with the simplified Schrödinger equation. A fundamental solution for the linear case is developed. Preliminary analysis of the complex diffusion shows that the generalized diffusion has properties of both forward and inverse diffusion. An important observation, supported theoretically and numerically, is that the imaginary part can be regarded as an edge detector (smoothed second derivative), after rescaling by time, when the complex diffusion coefficient approaches the real axis. Based on this observation, a nonlinear complex process for ramp preserving denoising is developed. © Springer-Verlag and IEEE/CS 2001.

关键词： Image enhancement

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Geodesic active contours applied to texture feature space 3

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3rd International Conference on Scale-Space and Morphology in Computer Vision, Scale-Space 2001

作者： Sagiv, Chen Sochen, Nir A. Zeevi, Yehoshua Y. Department of Applied Mathematics University of Tel Aviv Ramat-Aviv Tel-Aviv69978 Israel Department of Electrical engineering Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Technion City Haifa32000 Israel

ISBN: (纸本)9783540423171

Gabor Analysis is frequently used for texture analysis and segmentation. Once the Gaborian feature space is generated it may be interpreted in various ways for image analysis and segmentation. Image segmentation can also be obtained via the application of "snakes" or active contour mechanism, which is usually used for gray-level images. In this study we apply the active contour method to the Gaborian feature space of images and obtain a method for texture segmentation. We calculate six localized features based on the Gabor transform of the image. These are the mean and variance of the localized frequency, orientation and intensity. This feature space is presented, via the Beltrami framework, as a Riemannian manifold. The stopping term, in the geodesic snakes mechanism, is derived from the metric of the features manifold. Experimental results obtained by application of the scheme to test images are presented. © Springer-Verlag and IEEE/CS 2001.

关键词： Image segmentation

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Gabor feature space diffusion via the minimal weighted area method 3rd

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3rd International Workshop on Energy Minimization Methods in Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, EMMCVPR 2001

作者： Sagiv, Chen Sochen, Nir A. Zeevi, Yehoshua Y. Department of Applied Mathematics University of Tel Aviv Ramat-Aviv Tel-Aviv69978 Israel Department of Electrical engineering Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Technion City Haifa32000 Israel

ISBN: (纸本)3540425233

Gabor feature space is elaborated for representation, processing and segmentation of textured images. As a first step of preprocessing of images represented in this space, we introduce an algorithm for Gabor feature space denoising. It is a geometric-based algorithm that applies diffusion-like equation derived from a minimal weighted area functional, introduced previously and applied in the context of stereo reconstruction models [6,12]. In a previous publication we have already demonstrated how to generalize the intensity-based geodesic active contours model to the Gabor spatial-feature space. This space is represented, via the Beltrami framework, as a 2D Riemannian manifold embedded in a 6D space. In this study we apply the minimal weighted area method to smooth the Gabor space features prior to the application of the geodesic active contour mechanism. We show that this "Weighted Beltrami" approach preserves edges better than the original Beltrami diffusion. Experimental results of this feature space denoisingpro cess and of the geodesic active contour mechanism applied to the denoised feature space are presented. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2001.

关键词： Diffusion

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Image enhancement segmentation and denoising by time dependent nonlinear diffusion processes

Image enhancement segmentation and denoising by time depende...

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： G. Gilboa Y.Y. Zeevi N. Sochen Department of Electrical Engineering Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel Department of Applied Mathematics University of Tel-Aviv Tel-Aviv Israel

Two nonlinear diffusion processes with time-dependent diffusion coefficients are presented. Both processes converge to nontrivial solutions, eliminating the need to impose an arbitrary diffusion stopping time, otherwise required in the implementation of most nonlinear diffusion processes. The two schemes employ nonlinear cooling mechanisms that preserve edges. One scheme is intended for general denoising, whereas the other is targeted for enhancement or segmentation of images. Simulation results indicate that the proposed schemes provide a stable and efficient tool for processing of noisy images.

关键词： Image enhancement Image segmentation Noise reduction Diffusion processes Gaussian noise Cooling Image converters Filters Cities and towns Anisotropic magnetoresistance

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