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electrical Transport in Transparent Conducting Tin‐doped Indium Oxide Films

AIP Conference Proceedings 2006年第1期850卷 1548-1549页

作者： S. S. Yeh J. Y. Lu M. W. Shiu J. J. Lin Institute of Physics National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Undergraduate Honor Program National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan Department of Electrophysics National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan

We have studied the temperature behavior of the electrical resistivities ρ(T) in a series of tin‐doped indium‐oxide films with different residual resistivities ρ0 varying from 218 to 568 μΩ cm. We found that the temperature dependence of ρ can be well described by the Bloch‐Grüneisen law from 300 K down to about 100 K. In particular, we observed that the strength of the electron‐phonon coupling, βBG (which characterizes a prefactor in the Bloch‐Grüneisen formula) increases linearly with increasing ρ0. This result is not understood in terms of current theoretical concept for electron‐phonon interaction in metals.

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Cooperative Recombination of a Quantized High-Density Electron-Hole Plasma in Semiconductor Quantum Wells

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Physical Review Letters 2006年第23期96卷 237401-237401页

作者： Y. D. Jho Xiaoming Wang J. Kono D. H. Reitze X. Wei A. A. Belyanin V. V. Kocharovsky Vl. V. Kocharovsky G. S. Solomon Department of Physics University of Florida Gainesville Florida 32611 USA National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Florida State University Tallahassee Florida 32310 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Department of Physics Texas A&M University College Station Texas 77843 USA Institute of Applied Physics Russian Academy of Sciences 603950 Nizhny Novgorod Russia Solid-State Laboratories Stanford University Stanford California 94305 USA

We investigate photoluminescence from a high-density electron-hole plasma in semiconductor quantum wells created via intense femtosecond excitation in a strong perpendicular magnetic field, a fully quantized and tunable system. At a critical magnetic field strength and excitation fluence, we observe a clear transition in the band-edge photoluminescence from omnidirectional output to a randomly directed but highly collimated beam. In addition, changes in the linewidth, carrier density, and magnetic field scaling of the photoluminescence spectral features correlate precisely with the onset of random directionality, indicative of cooperative recombination from a high-density population of free carriers in a semiconductor environment.

关键词： Plasmas

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DEDIX - Development of Fully Integrated Multichannel ASIC for High Count Rate Digital X-ray Imaging Systems

DEDIX - Development of Fully Integrated Multichannel ASIC fo...

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IEEE Symposium on Nuclear Science (NSS/MIC)

作者： P. Grybos P. Maj R. Szczygiel L. Ramello M. Idzik K. Swientek T. Stobiecki Faculty of Electrical Engineering Automatics Computer Science and Electronics Department of Measurement and Instrumentation AGH University of Science and Technology Cracow Poland Dipartimento Scienze e Tecnologie Avanzate Universita del Piemonte Orientale and INFN Alessandria Italy Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science AGH University of Science and Technology Cracow Poland Faculty of Electrical Engineering Automatics Computer Science and Electronics Department of Electronics AGH University of Science and Technology Cracow Poland

We present the development of a 64 channel readout ASIC called DEDIX for high count rate position-sensitive measurements using semiconductor detectors. The ASIC is designed in 0.35 mum CMOS process and its total area is 3400 times 5000 mum 2 . The DEDIX has a binary readout architecture. Each channel is built of a charge sensitive amplifier (CSA) with a pole-zero cancellation circuit, a shaper, two independent discriminators and two independent 20-bit counters. The size of the input device in CSA has been optimized for a detector capacitance in the range of 1-3 pF per strip. An equivalent noise charge of 110 el rms has been achieved for a total detector capacitance of 1 pF at the shaper peaking time of 160 ns. Internal correction DAC implemented in each channel independently ensures the low spread of effective threshold of discriminators at 0.4 mV on one sigma level. The mean gain in the multichannel ASIC is 54 muV/el, with a good uniformity from channel to channel (sd/mean = 0.8%). Low noise performance and high rate capability have been demonstrated by the measurement up to and above 1 MHz of average rate of input signals.

关键词： Application specific integrated circuits X-ray imaging Capacitance Semiconductor device noise Position measurement Integrated circuit measurements Position sensitive particle detectors CMOS process Counting circuits Strips

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Experimental test of universal conductance fluctuations by means of wave-chaotic microwave cavities

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Physical Review B 2006年第19期74卷 195326-195326页

作者： Sameer Hemmady James Hart Xing Zheng Thomas M. Antonsen, Jr. Edward Ott Steven M. Anlage Department of Physics University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742-4111 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742-3285 USA Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742-3511 USA Center for Superconductivity Research University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742-4111 USA

The mathematical equivalence of the time-independent Schrödinger equation and the Helmholtz equation is exploited to provide a means of studying universal conductance fluctuations in ballistic chaotic mesoscopic systems using a two-dimensional microwave cavity. The classically chaotic ray trajectories within a suitably shaped microwave cavity play a role analogous to that of the chaotic dynamics of noninteracting electron transport through a ballistic quantum dot in the absence of thermal fluctuations. The microwave cavity is coupled through two single-mode ports and the effect of nonideal coupling between the ports and cavity is removed by a previously developed method based on the measured radiation impedance matrix. The Landauer-Büttiker formalism is applied to obtain the conductance of a corresponding mesoscopic quantum-dot device. We find good agreement for the probability density functions of the experimentally derived surrogate conductance, as well as its mean and variance, with the theoretical predictions of Brouwer and Beenakker. We also observe a linear relation between the quantum dephasing parameter and the cavity ohmic loss parameter.

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Adaptive and neural network adaptive control of depth of anesthesia during surgery

Adaptive and neural network adaptive control of depth of ane...

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American Control Conference (ACC)

作者： J.M. Bailey W.M. Haddad J.J. Im T. Hayakawa P.A. Nagel Department of Anesthesiology Northeast Georgia Medical Center GA USA Georgia Institute of Technology School of Applied and Engineering Physics Atlanta GA USA CREST Japan Science and Technology Agency Saitama Japan Georgia Institute of Technology School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Atlanta GA USA

Control system technology has a great deal to offer pharmacology, anesthesia, and critical care medicine. Critical care patients, whether undergoing surgery or recovering in intensive care units, require drug administration to regulate physiological variables such as blood pressure, cardiac output, heart rate, and degree of consciousness. The rate of infusion of each administered drug is critical, requiring constant monitoring and frequent adjustments. Open-loop control by clinical personnel can be tedious, imprecise, time consuming, and sometimes of poor quality. Alternatively, closed-loop control can potentially achieve desirable system performance in the face of the highly uncertain and hostile environment of surgery and the intensive care unit. In this paper, we validate our recent adaptive and neuro adaptive feedback control algorithms for clinical pharmacology via a series of simulation experiments and clinical evaluation trials. The clinical trials demonstrate excellent regulation of unconsciousness allowing for a safe and effective administration of the anesthetic agent propofol

关键词： Adaptive control Adaptive systems programmable control Neural networks Anesthesia Surgery Medical control systems Control systems Drugs Biomedical monitoring

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Anisotropy of Magnetization Reversal and Magnetoresistance in Square Arrays of Permalloy Nano-Rings

Anisotropy of Magnetization Reversal and Magnetoresistance i...

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International Conference on Magnetics (INTERMAG)

作者： A. Goncharov A. Zhukov V. Metlushko G. Bordingnon H. Fangohr K. De Groot G. Karapetrov B. Ilic P. De Groot School of Physics and Astronomy University of Southampton Southampton UK Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois Chicago IL USA School of Engineering Sciences University of Southampton Southampton UK School of Electronics and Computer Science University of Southampton Southampton UK Materials Science Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne IL USA Cornell Nanofabrication Facility and School of Applied and Engineering Physics Cornell University Ithaca NY USA

This work investigates connected and disconnected arrays of circular or square permalloy rings with different spacing to explore magnetization reversal and magnetoresistance mechanisms in dependence on a magnetic fiel... 详细信息

关键词： Magnetization reversal Magnetic field measurement Anisotropic magnetoresistance Magnetic separation Magnetic films Magnetic anisotropy Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy Magnetic fields physics Magnetic properties

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AZIMUTHAL DEPENDENCE OF THE MICROWAVE EMISSION FROM FOAM GENERATED BY BREAKING WAVES AT 18.7 AND 37 GHz

AZIMUTHAL DEPENDENCE OF THE MICROWAVE EMISSION FROM FOAM GEN...

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IEEE MicroRad

作者： S. Padmanabhan S.C. Reising W.E. Asher L.A. Rose P.W. Gaiser J.P. Bobak D.J. Dowgiallo M. Anguelova Microwave Systems Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA Applied Physics Laboratory University of Washington Seattle WA USA Naval Research Laboratory Inc. Washington D.C. DC USA

The need to improve retrieval of the surface wind vector and sea surface temperature (SST) from WindSat and the upcoming NPOESS Conical Microwave Imager Sounder (CMIS) motivated measurements of the microwave emission from breaking waves, both on the open ocean and in a wave basin. Aircraft and satellite measurements have demonstrated that the wind direction dependence of ocean surface brightness temperatures is small, on the order of 1-3 K peak-to-peak. Therefore, the accuracy of wind vector retrieval depends strongly upon quantitative knowledge of the relationship of the ocean surface emissivity to surface properties, such as sea surface wave spectrum and wave breaking. The effects of the surface wave spectrum have been addressed by many studies, but the azimuthal dependence of the microwave emission from breaking waves and foam has not been adequately addressed. Recently, a number of experiments have been conducted to quantify the increase in sea surface microwave emission due to foam. The Polarimetric Observations of the Emissivity of Whitecaps EXperiment (POEWEX'04) was conducted during November 2004 to measure the azimuthal dependence of reproducible breaking waves in order to improve wind vector retrieval from spaceborne radiometric measurements, especially at wind speeds of 7 m/s and higher. The emissivity of breaking waves was shown to vary as a function of azimuth angle at four different WindSat frequencies

关键词： Microwave generation Ocean temperature Sea surface Surface waves Sea measurements Velocity measurement Image retrieval Microwave measurements Aircraft Satellite broadcasting

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Coherent phonon oscillations in micelle-suspended single-wall carbon nanotubes

Coherent phonon oscillations in micelle-suspended single-wal...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Y. S. Lim J. Shaver E. Haroz J. Kono R. H. Hauge R. E. Smalley K. J. Yee S. K. Doorn Department of Applied Physics Konkuk University South Korea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University Houston TX USA CNL Carbon Nanotechnology Laboratory Rice University Houston TX USA Department of Physics Chungnam National University Daejeon South Korea Chemistry division Analytical Chemistry Science Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA

We report the observation of coherent phonon oscillations of radial breathing modes in insolated single-wall carbon nanotubes in suspension. Resonantly-excited radial breathing modes are analyzed to give us a new tool... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)1557528136

关键词： Phonons Oscillators Ultrafast optics Carbon nanotubes Optical sensors Optical pumping Optical pulses

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Algorithm-based analysis of collective decoherence in quantum search

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Progress in Informatics 2006年第3期 5-18页

作者： Master, Cyrus P. Utsunomiya, Shoko Yamamoto, Yoshihisa National Institute of Informatics Tokyo Japan E.L. Ginzton Laboratory Stanford University Stanford CA Department of Information and Communication Engineering University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan National Institute of Informatics Stanford University University of Tokyo Stanford University Applied Physics and Electrical Engineering National Institute of Informatics NTT R and D JST CREST Program on Quantum Information

A major challenge in the implementation of quantum computers is mitigating the impact of undesired couplings with the environment that lead to decoherence. Here, we discuss an error-avoiding strategy that is based upon freedoms inherent in decomposing a quantum algorithm into fundamental gates. Although this approach is specific to a particular algorithm and a collective noise model, it does not the require complicated encodings or significant additional qubit resources of more general error-correcting codes. This paper also includes an overview of quantum computation, including a discussion of the quantum search algorithm. © 2006 National Instiute of Informatics.

关键词： Quantum theory

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Theory of fermi level pinning of high-k dielectrics

Theory of fermi level pinning of high-k dielectrics

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2006 International Conference on Simulation of Semiconductor Process and Devices, SISPAD '06

作者： Shiraishi, Kenji Akasaka, Yasushi Umezawa, Naoto Nara, Yasuo Yamada, Keisaku Takeuchi, Hideki Watanabe, Heiji Chikyow, Toyohiro Liu, Tsu-Jae King Graduate School of Pure and Applied Physics University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan Semiconductor Leading Edge Inc. Tokyo Electron Ltd. Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan Advanced Electronic Materials Center National Institute for Materials Science Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan Semiconductor Leading Edge Inc. Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan Nanotechnology Laboratories Waseda University Shinjuku Tokyo Japan ATDF Inc. UC Berkeley Austin TX United States Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University Suita Osaka Japan Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California at Berkeley Berkeley CA United States

ISBN: (纸本)1424404045

Fermi-level pinning of poly-Si and metal-silicide gate materials on Hf-based gate dielectrics has been systematically studied theoretically. Fermi-level pinning in high-work-function materials is governed by the O vacancy generation and subsequent formation of interface dipoles near gate electrodes due to the electron transfer. On the other hand, O interstitial formation plays a crucial role for Fermi-level pinning in low-work-function materials. From our theoretical considerations, we have found that the work-function pinning-free-region generally appears due the difference in the mechanism of Fermi-level pinning of high- and low-work-function materials. The widening of this work-function pinning-free-region is the key issue for the fundamental relaxation of Fermi-level pinning in high-k gate dielectric. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Dielectric materials

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