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Medical Imaging 2023: biomedical Applications in Molecular, Structural, and Functional Imaging

作者： Hong, Allen Carass, Aaron Zuo, Lianrui Prince, Jerry L. Alshareef, Ahmed Department of Biomedical Engineering The College of New Jersey EwingNJ08618 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreMD21218 United States Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience National Institute on Aging National Institutes of Health BaltimoreMD20892 United States Biomedical Engineering Program University of South Carolina ColumbiaSC29208 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510660410

Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are a major health risk that increases with age. Natural brain aging results in cerebral atrophy and the enlargement of the ventricular regions. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of cerebral atrophy on brain biomechanics with subject-specific models to determine the risk of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Utilizing subjects from a longitudinal study of aging in healthy volunteers, we created subject-specific brain models of a small cohort with progressive age-related cerebral atrophy. We then simulate concussive loading conditions to study changes in brain deformation, a correlate to risk of TBI. The results display differing trends with increasing ventricle volume, with some subjects exhibiting increases and others showing decreasing strain. Additional subject simulations are needed to clarify these the causes of these trends. © COPYRIGHT SPIE. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

关键词： Health risks

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A Transparent Ultrasound Array for Real-Time Optical,Ultrasound,and Photoacoustic Imaging

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biomedical engineering Frontiers 2022年第1期3卷 284-297页

作者： Haoyang Chen Sumit Agrawal Mohamed Osman Josiah Minotto Shubham Mirg Jinyun Liu Ajay Dangi Quyen Tran Thomas Jackson Sri-Rajasekhar Kothapalli Department of Biomedical Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Penn State Cancer Institute The Pennsylvania State UniversityHersheyPA 17033USA Graduate Program in Acoustics The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA

Objective and Impact *** imaging of ultrasound and optical contrasts can help map structural,functional,and molecular biomarkers inside living subjects with high spatial *** is a need to develop a platform to facilitate this multimodal imaging capability to improve diagnostic sensitivity and ***,combining ultrasound,photoacoustic,and optical imaging modalities is challenging because conventional ultrasound transducer arrays are optically *** a result,complex geometries are used to coalign both optical and ultrasound waves in the same field of *** elegant solution is to make the ultrasound transducer transparent to ***,we demonstrate a novel transparent ultrasound transducer(TUT)linear array fabricated using a transparent lithium niobate piezoelectric material for real-time multimodal *** TUT-array consists of 64 elements and centered at~6 MHz *** demonstrate a quad-mode ultrasound,Doppler ultrasound,photoacoustic,and fluorescence imaging in real-time using the TUT-array directly coupled to the tissue mimicking *** TUT-array successfully showed a multimodal imaging capability and has potential applications in diagnosing cancer,neurological,and vascular diseases,including image-guided endoscopy and wearable imaging.

关键词： Ultrasound specificity transparent

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An Open-Source GPU-Based Acoustic Simulator for Fast and Accurate Modeling of Acoustic Scattering

An Open-Source GPU-Based Acoustic Simulator for Fast and Acc...

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IEEE International Symposium on Applications of Ferroelectrics (ISAF)

作者： Zixuan Tian Yun Jing Aiguo Han Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Urbana USA Graduate Program in Acoustics Pennsylvania State University USA Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350371901

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371918

Fast, accurate, and realistic simulations of ultrasonic scattering in biological tissues play an important role in biomedical ultrasound research. This study introduces UltraWave, a new open-source ultrasound simulation tool we developed for accurately modeling acoustic and elastic wave propagation in two- and three-dimensional heterogeneous media. UltraWave allows the utilization of multiple graphics processing units (GPUs) to deliver faster and more accurate full-wave simulations. The perfectly matched layer was integrated into the simulator. UltraWave was validated against well-established scattering theories in a variety of basic scattering scenarios, and achieved similar or higher accuracy than the widely used k-Wave toolbox. Additionally, UltraWave outperformed k-Wave in terms of computational efficiency with both central processing units (CPUs) and GPUs, particularly when using GPU acceleration for elastic wave simulations. These results demonstrated the potential of UltraWave as a promising tool for biomedical ultrasound simulations.

关键词： Solid modeling Accuracy Ultrasonic imaging Biological system modeling Computational modeling Graphics processing units Media Acoustics Computational efficiency Perfectly matched layers

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Low-temperature spin Seebeck effect in nonmagnetic vanadium dioxide

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Physical Review B 2024年第2期110卷 024415-024415页

作者： Renjie Luo Tanner J. Legvold Liyang Chen Henry Navarro Ali C. Basaran Deshun Hong Changjiang Liu Anand Bhattacharya Ivan K. Schuller Douglas Natelson Department of Physics and Astronomy Applied Physics Graduate Program Rice Quantum Institute Department of Physics and Center for Advanced Nanoscience Materials Science Division Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering

The spin Seebeck effect (SSE) is sensitive to thermally driven magnetic excitations in magnetic insulators. Vanadium dioxide in its insulating low-temperature phase is expected to lack magnetic degrees of freedom, as vanadium atoms are thought to form singlets upon dimerization of the vanadium chains. Instead, we find a paramagnetic SSE response in VO2 films that grows as the temperature decreases below 50 K. The field and temperature-dependent SSE voltage is qualitatively consistent with a general model of paramagnetic SSE response and inconsistent with triplet spin transport. Quantitative estimates find a spin Seebeck coefficient comparable in magnitude to that observed in strongly magnetic materials. The microscopic nature of the magnetic excitations in VO2 requires further examination.

关键词： Spin Seebeck effect Paramagnets Strongly correlated systems

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The Deep Learning Approach For American Sign Language Detection

The Deep Learning Approach For American Sign Language Detect...

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2022 IEEE Creative Communication and Innovative Technology, ICCIT 2022

作者： Pangestu, Gusti Heryadi, Yaya Lukas Suparta, Wayan Arifin, Yulyani Bina Nusantara University School of Computer Science Computer Science Department Binus Graduate Program Computer Science Computer Science Department Jakarta Indonesia Bina Nusantara University Binus Graduate Program Computer Science Computer Science Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia Faculty of Engineering Jakarta12930 Indonesia Institut Teknologi Nasional Yogyakarta Faculty of Industrial Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Yogyakarta55281 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781665468763

Sign language has importance rule to deal with communication process especially with impairments hearing people. Sign language detection also attract lot of researchers to join the challenge of research to detect and recognize the sign language in the field of computer Science. Hence, there is still no any standard approach and method to recognize the meaning in every pose of sign language. This research proposed a mechanism to detect Alphabet American Sign Language by utilizing Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) process. The CNN approach was chosen based on the ability and capability to recognize image. In this research, MNIST dataset is used for traning and testing process. The proposed CNN architecture produced 97% of accuracy that outperform the previous research using the same dataset which made this architecture promising. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Sensing beyond the exceptional point for high detectivity

Sensing beyond the exceptional point for high detectivity

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CLEO: Science and Innovations in CLEO 2024, CLEO: S and I 2024 - Part of Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

作者： Li, Zhichao Prasad, Ciril S. Wang, Xielin Zhang, Ding Naik, Gururaj V. Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

Exceptional point (EP)-based optical sensors exhibit exceptional sensitivity but poor detectivity. Slightly off EP operation boosts detectivity without much loss in sensitivity. We experimentally demonstrate a high-detectivity-off-EP plasmonic-photonic hybrid sensor for anti-mouse IgG protein. © Optica Publishing Group 2024

关键词： Hybrid sensors

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Development of a Taiwanese Speech Synthesis System Using Hidden Markov Models and a Robust Tonal Phoneme Corpus

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Journal of Information Science and engineering 2024年第2期40卷 283-302页

作者： Sher, Yung-Ji Hsu, Ming-Chun Chiu, Yu-Hsien Chen, Yeou-Jiunn Wu, Chung-Hsien Wu, Jiunn-Liang Department of Special Education Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Counseling National Taiwan Normal University Taipei106 Taiwan Wistron Neweb Corporation Hsinchu300 Taiwan NSTC AI Biomedical Research Center National Cheng Kung University Tainan701 Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan701 Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology Tainan710 Taiwan Department of Otorhinolaryngology National Cheng Kung University Hospital College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan704 Taiwan

The number of young native speakers of Taiwanese, the variant of Southern Min spoken in Taiwan, has decreased. Technological advancements such as text-to-speech (TTS) systems could help arrest this decline. The aim of this study was to design a robust tonal phoneme corpus and a speech synthesis system for Modern Literal Taiwanese (MLT). MLT subsyllables were analyzed using phonetics and phonology to establish tonal phoneme models. These robust tonal phoneme models and hidden Markov models were used to construct an MLT TTS synthesis system. Algorithm-based training resulted in 869 balanced sentences containing 12,544 syllables, with each sentence containing an average of 14.4 syllables. In total, 218 sentences, which included rare phonemes, were manually drafted to supplement the corpus. The synthesized phonemes were deemed to have high intelligibility and could be included in the developed TTS system. According to the HTK speech recognition tool, the overall phoneme recognition rate was 96.47%. Testers, who were native Taiwanese speakers, assigned the synthesized sentences a mean opinion score of 4, indicating that they sounded natural. This developed system and the results described herein can inspire future developments in speech technology and computational linguistics. © 2024 Institute of Information Science. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hidden Markov models

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Sensing beyond the exceptional point for high detectivity

Sensing beyond the exceptional point for high detectivity

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2024 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2024

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171395

关键词： Laser beams

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Understanding ADC variation by fat content effect using a dual-function MRI phantom

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European Radiology Experimental 2024年第1期8卷 19页

作者： Liu, Yi-Jui Tsai, Tung-Sheng Li, Ya-Hui Peng, Jo-Hua Chang, Hing-Chiu Peng, Hsu-Hsia Lee, Ying-Chieh Lee, Tung-Yang Liou, Chang-Hsien Lin, Tz-Feng Chew, Fatt-Yang Chou, Ruey-Hwang Juan, Chun-Jung Department of Automatic Control Engineering Feng Chia University Taichung Taiwan Ph.D. Program in Electrical and Communication Engineering Feng Chia University Taichung Taiwan Department of Medical Imaging China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital 199 Sec. 1 Xinglong Rd. Hsinchu County Zhubei City 302 Taiwan Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Biomedical Engineering Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Master’s Program of Biomedical Informatics and Biomedical Engineering Feng Chia University Taichung Taiwan Cheng Ching Hospital Taichung Taiwan Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Science National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Fiber and Composite Materials Feng Chia University Taichung Taiwan Department of Medical Imaging China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan Department of Radiology School of Medicine China Medical University Taichung Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences China Medical University Taichung 406 Taiwan Center for Molecular Medicine China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology Asia University Taichung Taiwan

Background: A dual-function phantom designed to quantify the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in different fat contents (FCs) and glass bead densities (GBDs) to simulate the human tissues has not been documented yet. We propose a dual-function phantom to quantify the FC and to measure the ADC at different FCs and different GBDs. Methods: A fat-containing diffusion phantom comprised by 30 glass-bead-containing fat-water emulsions consisting of six different FCs (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50%) multiplied by five different GBDs (0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 g/50 mL). The FC and ADC were measured by the “iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least squares estimation-IQ,” IDEAL-IQ, and single-shot echo-planar diffusion-weighted imaging, SS-EP-DWI, sequences, respectively. Linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship among the fat fraction (FF) measured by IDEAL-IQ, GBD, and ADC. Results: The ADC was significantly, negatively, and linearly associated with the FF (the linear slope ranged from -0.005 to -0.017, R² = 0.925 to 0.986, all p < 0.001). The slope of the linear relationship between the ADC and the FF, however, varied among different GBDs (the higher the GBD, the lower the slope). ADCs among emulsions across different GBDs and FFs were overlapped. Emulsions with low GBDs plus high FFs shared a same lower ADC range with those with median or high GBDs plus median or lower FFs. Conclusions: A novel dual-function phantom simulating the human tissues allowed to quantify the influence of FC and GBD on ADC. Relevance statement: The study developed an innovative dual-function MRI phantom to explore the impact of FC on ADC variation that can affect clinical results. The results revealed the superimposed effect on FF and GBD density on ADC measurements. Key points: • A dual-function phantom made of glass bead density (GBD) and fat fraction (FF) emulsion has been developed. • Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values

关键词： Adipose tissue Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging Phantoms (imaging) Quality assurance (healthcare) Quality control

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Hyperspectral Image Analysis Using Maximum Abundance Classification

Hyperspectral Image Analysis Using Maximum Abundance Classif...

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International Conference on Intelligent Control and Information Processing (ICICIP)

作者： Nian Zhang Sougre-Nonma Stephanie Rouamba Wagdy H. Mahmoud Lara A. Thompson Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of the District of Columbia Washington D.C. USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Biomedical Engineering Program University of the District of Columbia Washington D.C. USA

ISBN: (数字)9798331516147

ISBN: (纸本)9798331516154

This paper presents a satellite hyperspectral image processing method that utilizes a maximum abundance classifier to categorize different regions of hyperspectral images into ground truth classes. First, the class names for each endmember and their corresponding columns in the signature matrix are identified, followed by the visualization of their spectral profiles. Abundance maps for the endmembers are then generated using the fully constrained least squares (FCLS) method. Afterward, the maximum abundance classifier is applied, and the resulting classified image is displayed with color-coded pixels. The abundance maps illustrate the spatial distribution of endmembers across the hyperspectral image, where the abundance values of each pixel represent the proportion of each endmember present. By determining the highest abundance value for each pixel and assigning it to the corresponding endmember class, the pixels within the hyperspectral images are classified. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed MAC method effectively handles mixed pixels. In addition, it can effectively deal with the mixed pixel problem in hyperspectral images because it identifies components by calculating the abundance values for each pixel rather than relying solely on single spectral features.

关键词： Visualization Image segmentation Satellites Graphical models Information processing Hyperspectral imaging Intelligent control Image classification Distribution functions

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