The increase in number of people using the Internet leads to increased cyberattack *** Persistent Threats,or APTs,are among the most dangerous targeted *** attacks utilize various advanced tools and techniques for att...
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The increase in number of people using the Internet leads to increased cyberattack *** Persistent Threats,or APTs,are among the most dangerous targeted *** attacks utilize various advanced tools and techniques for attacking targets with specific *** countries with advanced technologies,like the US,Russia,the UK,and India,are susceptible to this targeted *** is a sophisticated attack that involves multiple stages and specific ***,TTP(Tools,Techniques,and Procedures)involved in the APT attack are commonly new and developed by an attacker to evade the security ***,APTs are generally implemented in multiple *** one of the stages is detected,we may apply a defense mechanism for subsequent stages,leading to the entire APT attack *** detection at the early stage of APT and the prediction of the next step in the APT kill chain are ongoing *** survey paper will provide knowledge about APT attacks and their essential *** follows the case study of known APT attacks,which will give clear information about the APT attack process—in later sections,highlighting the various detection methods defined by different researchers along with the limitations of the *** used in this article comes from the various annual reports published by security experts and blogs and information released by the enterprise networks targeted by the attack.
The development of public transportation is considered a vital issue in reducing traffic as well as urban pollution. City buses play an important role in the city transportation system. In Iran, due to the high averag...
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Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) is broadly applicable in various sectors within a short amount of time, which is connected to mobile developments. However, the communication in the MANET faces several issues like synchr...
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Background In recent years,the demand for interactive photorealistic three-dimensional(3D)environments has increased in various fields,including architecture,engineering,and ***,achieving a balance between the quality...
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Background In recent years,the demand for interactive photorealistic three-dimensional(3D)environments has increased in various fields,including architecture,engineering,and ***,achieving a balance between the quality and efficiency of high-performance 3D applications and virtual reality(VR)remains *** This study addresses this issue by revisiting and extending view interpolation for image-based rendering(IBR),which enables the exploration of spacious open environments in 3D and ***,we introduce multimorphing,a novel rendering method based on the spatial data structure of 2D image patches,called the image *** this approach,novel views can be rendered with up to six degrees of freedom using only a sparse set of *** rendering process does not require 3D reconstruction of the geometry or per-pixel depth information,and all relevant data for the output are extracted from the local morphing cells of the image *** detection of parallax image regions during preprocessing reduces rendering artifacts by extrapolating image patches from adjacent cells in *** addition,a GPU-based solution was presented to resolve exposure inconsistencies within a dataset,enabling seamless transitions of brightness when moving between areas with varying light *** Experiments on multiple real-world and synthetic scenes demonstrate that the presented method achieves high"VR-compatible"frame rates,even on mid-range and legacy hardware,*** achieving adequate visual quality even for sparse datasets,it outperforms other IBR and current neural rendering *** Using the correspondence-based decomposition of input images into morphing cells of 2D image patches,multidimensional image morphing provides high-performance novel view generation,supporting open 3D and VR ***,the handling of morphing artifacts in the parallax image regions remains a topic for future resea
In vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs), ensuring passenger safety requires fast and reliable emergency message broadcasts. The current communication standard for messaging in VANETs is IEEE 802.11p. As IEEE 802.11p all...
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In vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs), ensuring passenger safety requires fast and reliable emergency message broadcasts. The current communication standard for messaging in VANETs is IEEE 802.11p. As IEEE 802.11p allows carrier-sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) in the media access control (MAC) layer. A large contention window ($CW$) value will increase delay, whereas a small $CW$ value will increase the probability of collision. Therefore, adaptive regulation of the $CW$ value is needed to achieve high reliability and low delay in VANETs, in accordance with variations in the environment. However, the traditional MAC protocol cannot achieve the aforementioned requirements. Reinforcement learning (RL) emphasizes the selection of optimal action according to observations of the environment to achieve optimal system performance. In this study, a Q-learning (QL) RL algorithm based on IEEE 802.11p was used to achieve the requirements of adaptive broadcasting. Adaptive broadcasting was achieved based on a reward definition of high reliability and low delay for the QL algorithm. In this approach, the learning state is the $CW$ size, the system sets up a Q-table using RL, and the optimal action is based on the maximum Q-value. The $CW$ size can be provided with adaptive self-regulation by RL, providing high reliability and low delay for the broadcast of emergency messages. We also compared our proposed scheme to other QL-based MAC protocols in VANETs by performing simulations and demonstrated that it can achieve high reliability and low delay for the broadcast of emergency messages. IEEE
With the recent advancements of deep learning-based methods in image classification,the requirement of a huge amount of training data is inevitable to avoid overfitting ***,supervised deep learning models require labe...
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With the recent advancements of deep learning-based methods in image classification,the requirement of a huge amount of training data is inevitable to avoid overfitting ***,supervised deep learning models require labelled datasets for *** such a huge amount of labelled data requires considerable human effort and *** this scenario,self-supervised models are becoming popular because of their ability to learn even from unlabelled ***,the efficient transfer of knowledge learned by self-supervised models into a target task,is an unsolved *** paper proposes a method for the efficient transfer of know-ledge learned by a self-supervised model,into a target *** such as the number of layers,the number of units in each layer,learning rate,and dropout are automatically tuned in these fully connected(FC)layers using a Bayesian optimization technique called the tree-structured parzen estimator(TPE)approach *** evaluate the performance of the proposed method,state-of-the-art self-supervised models such as SimClr and SWAV are used to extract the learned *** are carried out on the CIFAR-10,CIFAR-100,and Tiny ImageNet *** proposed method outperforms the baseline approach with margins of 2.97%,2.45%,and 0.91%for the CIFAR-100,Tiny ImageNet,and CIFAR-10 datasets,respectively.
In the realm of medical datasets, particularly when considering diabetes, the occurrence of data incompleteness is a prevalent issue. Unveiling valuable patterns through medical data analysis is crucial for early and ...
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In real-world materials research,machine learning(ML)models are usually expected to predict and discover novel exceptional materials that deviate from the known *** is thus a pressing question to provide an objective ...
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In real-world materials research,machine learning(ML)models are usually expected to predict and discover novel exceptional materials that deviate from the known *** is thus a pressing question to provide an objective evaluation ofMLmodel performances in property prediction of out-ofdistribution(OOD)materials that are different fromthe training *** performance evaluation of materials property prediction models through the random splitting of the dataset frequently results in artificially high-performance assessments due to the inherent redundancy of typical material datasets.
The healthcare industry has witnessed an increase in the use of cloud storage, resulting in a significant demand for safeguarding medical records from potential attackers. In response to this challenge, reversible dat...
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