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arXiv 2018年

作者： Raman, Aaswath Yu, Zongfu Fan, Shanhui Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California Los AngelesCA90049 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Wisconsin MadisonWI53706 United States Department of Electrical Engineering Ginzton Laboratory Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States

Enhancing the absorption and emission of electromagnetic waves over a broad range of wavelengths is a topic of fundamental and applied interest in photonics and energy research. In the context of light trapping in solar cells, for example, significant interest in the past decade has focused on overcoming limits in the ray-optics regime with nanophotonic structures. However, many such structures, in particular plasmonic structures, or PT-symmetric systems can posses multiple materials with varying values of intrinsic loss. Here, we rigorously determine the effect of parasitic loss on the achievable absorption enhancement in arbitrary electromagnetic structures. We show that the fundamental limit of broadband absorption enhancement, even in the presence of large parasitic loss in an alternate material, can exceed conventional ray-optics limits on light trapping and absorption enhancement. We numerically verify this behavior by determining the absorption enhancement factor of a canonical system, a metal-insulator-metal waveguide, whose core is a low-index organic semiconductor, in the presence of varying intrinsic loss values in the metal. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Plasmonics

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Near, far, wherever you are: Simulations on the dose efficiency of holographic and ptychographic coherent imaging

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Du, Ming Gürsoy, Dogǎ Jacobsen, Chris Department of Materials Science Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Advanced Photon Source Argonne National Laboratory ArgonneIL60439 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Chemistry of Life Processes Institute Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States

Different studies in x-ray microscopy have arrived at conicting conclusions about the dose efficiency of imaging modes involving the recording of intensity distributions in the near (Fresnel regime) or far (Fraunhofer regime) field downstream of a specimen. We present here a numerical study on the dose efficiency of near-field holography versus ptychography, a variant of far-field coherent diffraction imaging (CDI) involving multiple overlapping finite illumination positions. Unlike what has been reported for single-illumination CDI, we find that the quality, measured by spatial resolution and mean error, of reconstructed images from ptychography is similar (though slightly better) to what one can obtain from near-field holography at identical uence on the specimen. These results support the concept that, if the experiment and image reconstruction are done properly, the sample can be near, or far;wherever you are, photon uence on the specimen sets one limit to spatial resolution. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image resolution

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MEMS gyroscope for miniaturized space attitude control system 20

MEMS gyroscope for miniaturized space attitude control syste...

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20th Symposium on Design, Test, Integration and Packaging of MEMS and MOEMS, DTIP 2018

作者： Syed, Wajih U. An, Boo Hyun Mansouri, Mariam S. Mohammed, Zakriya Aldahmani, Sultan Elfadel, Ibrahim Abe M. Choi, Daniel S. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Masdar Institute Khalifa University of Science and Technology P.O. Box 54224 Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Masdar Institute at Khalifa University of Science and Technology P.O Box 54224 Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates United Arab Emirates Space Agency Space Missions' Science and Technology Direct. P.O. Box: 7133 Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (纸本)9781538661994

Space applications impose strict requirements on gyroscope design including high accuracy, precision, shock resistance, reduced non-linearity and sensitivity to external factors such as temperature variation. Vibrating ring gyroscopes (VRG) have been shown to achieve a high scale-factor with low non- linearity while their shock resistance can be enhanced with some structural modifications. They also show a good alignment between the drive and sense-mode resonance frequency and with some tuning, the quadrature error can be nearly eliminated thus minimizing device sensitivity on external factors. We have developed a preliminary design of a VRG with C-shaped innerrings for high shock resistance, which we have been evaluating using a simulation workbench that we have developed using Coventor's MEMS+ and Matlab. © 2018 IEEE.

关键词： Space applications

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Measurement of the Higgs boson production via vector boson fusion and its decay into bottom quarks in proton-proton collisions at s = 13 TeV

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Journal of High Energy Physics 2024年第1期2024卷 173页

作者： Hayrapetyan, A. Tumasyan, A. Adam, W. Andrejkovic, J.W. Bergauer, T. Chatterjee, S. Damanakis, K. Dragicevic, M. Escalante Del Valle, A. Hussain, P.S. Jeitler, M. Krammer, N. Lechner, L. Liko, D. Mikulec, I. Schieck, J. Schöfbeck, R. Schwarz, D. Sonawane, M. Templ, S. Waltenberger, W. Wulz, C.-E. Darwish, M.R. Janssen, T. Kello, T. Van Mechelen, P. Bols, E.S. D’Hondt, J. Dansana, S. De Moor, A. Delcourt, M. El Faham, H. Lowette, S. Makarenko, I. Morton, A. Müller, D. Sahasransu, A.R. Tavernier, S. Tytgat, M. Van Putte, S. Vannerom, D. Clerbaux, B. De Lentdecker, G. Favart, L. Hohov, D. Jaramillo, J. Khalilzadeh, A. Lee, K. Mahdavikhorrami, M. Malara, A. Paredes, S. Pétré, L. Postiau, N. Thomas, L. Vanden Bemden, M. Vander Velde, C. Vanlaer, P. De Coen, M. Dobur, D. Knolle, J. Lambrecht, L. Mestdach, G. Rendón, C. Samalan, A. Skovpen, K. Van Den Bossche, N. Vermassen, B. Wezenbeek, L. Benecke, A. Bruno, G. Bury, F. Caputo, C. Delaere, C. Donertas, I.S. Giammanco, A. Jaffel, K. Jain, Sa. Lemaitre, V. Lidrych, J. Mastrapasqua, P. Mondal, K. Tran, T.T. Wertz, S. Alves, G.A. Coelho, E. Hensel, C. Moraes, A. Rebello Teles, P. Aldá Júnior, W.L. Alves Gallo Pereira, M. Barroso Ferreira Filho, M. Brandao Malbouisson, H. Carvalho, W. Chinellato, J. Da Costa, E.M. Da Silveira, G.G. De Jesus Damiao, D. Fonseca De Souza, S. Martins, J. Mora Herrera, C. Mota Amarilo, K. Mundim, L. Nogima, H. Santoro, A. Silva Do Amaral, S.M. Sznajder, A. Thiel, M. Vilela Pereira, A. Bernardes, C.A. Calligaris, L. Fernandez Perez Tomei, T.R. Gregores, E.M. Mercadante, P.G. Novaes, S.F. Orzari, B. Padula, Sandra S. Aleksandrov, A. Antchev, G. Hadjiiska, R. Iaydjiev, P. Misheva, M. Shopova, M. Sultanov, G. Dimitrov, A. Ivanov, T. Litov, L. Pavlov, B. Petkov, P. Petrov, A. Shumka, E. Keshri, S. Thakur, S. Cheng, T. Guo, Q. Javaid, T. Mittal, M. Yuan, L. Bauer, G. Hu, Z. Yi, K. Chen, G.M. Chen, H.S. Chen, M. Iemmi, F. Jiang, C.H. Kapoor, A. Liao, H. Liu, Z.-A. Monti, F. Sharma, R. Song, J.N. Tao, J. Wang, J. Zhang, H. Agapitos, A. Ban, Y. Levin, A. Yerevan Physics Institute Yerevan Armenia Institut für Hochenergiephysik Vienna Austria Universiteit Antwerpen Antwerpen Belgium Vrije Universiteit Brussel Brussel Belgium Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgium Ghent University Ghent Belgium Université Catholique de Louvain Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas Rio de Janeiro Brazil Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Universidade Estadual Paulista Universidade Federal do ABC São Paulo Brazil Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Sofia Bulgaria University of Sofia Sofia Bulgaria Instituto De Alta Investigación Universidad de Tarapacá Casilla 7 D Arica Chile Beihang University Beijing China Department of Physics Tsinghua University Beijing China Institute of High Energy Physics Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Peking University Beijing China Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China Institute of Modern Physics and Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application (MOE) — Fudan University Shanghai China Zhejiang University Zhejiang Hangzhou China Universidad de Los Andes Bogota Colombia Universidad de Antioquia Medellin Colombia University of Split Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture Split Croatia University of Split Faculty of Science Split Croatia Institute Rudjer Boskovic Zagreb Croatia University of Cyprus Nicosia Cyprus Charles University Prague Czech Republic Escuela Politecnica Nacional Quito Ecuador Universidad San Francisco de Quito Quito Ecuador Academy of Scientific Research and Technology of the Arab Republic of Egypt Egyptian Network of High Energy Physics Cairo Egypt Center for High Energy Physics (CHEP-FU) Fayoum University El-Fayoum Egypt National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics Tallinn Estonia Department of Physics

A measurement of the Higgs boson (H) production via vector boson fusion (VBF) and its decay into a bottom quark-antiquark pair (bb¯) is presented using proton-proton collision data recorded by the CMS experiment at s = 13 TeV and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 90.8 fb⁻¹. Treating the gluon-gluon fusion process as a background and constraining its rate to the value expected in the standard model (SM) within uncertainties, the signal strength of the VBF process, defined as the ratio of the observed signal rate to that predicted by the SM, is measured to be μ_Hbb¯^qqh=1.01_−0.46^+0.55. The VBF signal is observed with a significance of 2.4 standard deviations relative to the background prediction, while the expected significance is 2.7 standard deviations. Considering inclusive Higgs boson production and decay into bottom quarks, the signal strength is measured to be μ_Hbb¯^incl.=0.99_−0.41^+0.48, corresponding to an observed (expected) significance of 2.6 (2.9) standard deviations. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： B Physics Hadron-Hadron Scattering Higgs Physics

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Inverse Design Methods: Inverse Design Strategies for 3D Surfaces Formed by Mechanically Guided Assembly (Adv. Mater. 14/2020)

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Advanced materials 2020年第14期32卷

作者： Zhichao Fan Yiyuan Yang Fan Zhang Zheng Xu Hangbo Zhao Taoyi Wang Honglie Song Yonggang Huang John A. Rogers Yihui Zhang Applied Mechanics Laboratory Department of Engineering Mechanics Center for Flexible Electronics Technology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China Departments of Mechanical Engineering Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA The State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing and Systems Engineering School of Mechanical Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China Center for Bio‐Integrated Electronics Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA Department of Physics Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China Departments of Civil and Environmental Engineering Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering Center for Bio‐Integrated Electronics Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Biomedical Engineering Neurological Surgery Chemistry Mechanical Engineering Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Simpson Querrey Institute and Feinberg Medical School Center for Bio‐Integrated Electronics Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA

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Complex dielectric function of GaAs1−xBix as a function of Bi content

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Physical Review materials 2019年第5期3卷 054601-054601页

作者： Mahsa Mahtab Ron Synowicki Vahid Bahrami-Yekta Lars C. Bannow Stephan W. Koch Ryan B. Lewis Thomas Tiedje Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Victoria Victoria British Columbia Canada V8W 2Y2 J. A. Woollam Co. Inc. 645 M Street Suite 102 Lincoln Nebraska 68508 USA Department of Physics and Materials Science Center Philipps-Universität Marburg 35032 Marburg Germany Paul-Drude-Institut für Festkörperelektronik Hausvogteiplatz 5-7 Berlin 10117 Germany

The complex dielectric constants of GaAs1−xBix alloys grown by molecular beam epitaxy with x=0% to 17% have been measured over the spectral range from 0.37 to 9.1 eV using spectroscopic ellipsometry. Critical points in the joint density of states have been analyzed by fitting the line shape of the Van Hove singularities in the dielectric function derived from the ellipsometry data. The critical points generally match similar critical points in the dielectric function of GaAs with at least one alternative critical point. The energy of the critical points involving transitions from the top of the valence band show a strong dependence on Bi concentration similar to the composition dependence of the band gap, while the other critical points have a weaker dependence on Bi concentration. The measured composition dependence of the band gap and the energy of the split-off hole band are in good agreement with density functional calculations. The composition dependence of the index of refraction in the vicinity of the band gap for GaAs1−xBix alloys is an order of magnitude larger than the composition dependence of the index of refraction in Ga1−xInxAs alloys.

关键词： Dielectric properties Electro-optical spectra Electronic structure of atoms & molecules III-V semiconductors Semiconductor compounds Ellipsometry

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An efficient and accurate framework for calculating lattice thermal conductivity of solids:AFLOW-AAPL Automatic Anharmonic Phonon Library

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npj Computational materials 2017年第1期3卷 79-88页

作者： Jose J.Plata Pinku Nath Demet Usanmaz Jesus Carrete Cormac Toher Maarten de Jong Mark Asta Marco Fornari Marco Buongiorno Nardelli Stefano Curtarolo Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Institute of Materials Chemistry TU WienA-1060 ViennaAustria Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of CaliforniaBerkeley210 Hearst Memorial Mining BuildingBerkeleyUSA SpaceX 1 Rocket RoadHawthorneCA 90250USA Department of Physics and Science of Advanced Materials Program Central Michigan UniversityMount PleasantMI 48859USA Department of Physics and Department of Chemistry University of North TexasDentonTXUSA Materials Science Electrical EngineeringPhysics and ChemistryDuke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA

One of the most accurate approaches for calculating lattice thermal conductivity,κ_(l),is solving the Boltzmann transport equation starting from third-order anharmonic force *** addition to the underlying approximations of ab-initio parameterization,two main challenges are associated with this path:high computational costs and lack of automation in the frameworks using this methodology,which affect the discovery rate of novel materials with ad-hoc ***,the Automatic Anharmonic Phonon Library(AAPL)is *** efficiently computes interatomic force constants by making effective use of crystal symmetry analysis,it solves the Boltzmann transport equation to obtain κ_(l),and allows a fully integrated operation with minimum user intervention,a rational addition to the current high-throughput accelerated materials development framework ***“experiment ***”study of the approach is shown,comparing accuracy and speed with respect to other available packages,and for materials characterized by strong electron localization and *** AAPL with the pseudo-hybrid functional ACBN0 is possible to improve accuracy without increasing computational requirements.

关键词： properties. harmonic calculating

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PAPR reduction using iterative clipping/filtering and ADMM approaches for OFDM-based mixed-numerology systems

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Liu, Xiaoran Zhang, Xiaoying Zhang, Lei Xiao, Pei Wei, Jibo Zhang, Haijun Leung, Victor C.M. Department of Electronic Science National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073 China School of Engineering University of Glasgow GlasgowG12 8QQ United Kingdom 5G Innovation Centre Institute for Communication Systems University of Surrey GuildfordGU2 7XH United Kingdom Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Convergence Networks and Ubiquitous Services University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing100083 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of British Columbia VancouverBCV6T 1Z4 Canada

Mixed-numerology transmission is proposed to support a variety of communication scenarios with diverse requirements. However, as the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) remains as the basic waveform, the peak-to average power ratio (PAPR) problem is still cumbersome. In this paper, based on the iterative clipping and filtering (ICF) and optimization methods, we investigate the PAPR reduction in the mixed-numerology systems. We first illustrate that the direct extension of classical ICF brings about the accumulation of inter-numerology interference (INI) due to the repeated execution. By exploiting the clipping noise rather than the clipped signal, the noise-shaped ICF (NS-ICF) method is then proposed without increasing the INI. Next, we address the in-band distortion minimization problem subject to the PAPR constraint. By reformulation, the resulting model is separable in both the objective function and the constraints, and well suited for the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) approach. The ADMM-based algorithms are then developed to split the original problem into several subproblems which can be easily solved with closed-form solutions. Furthermore, the applications of the proposed PAPR reduction methods combined with filtering and windowing techniques are also shown to be effective. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

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Stretchable Bioelectronics: A Versatile Sacrificial Layer for Transfer Printing of Wide Bandgap materials for Implantable and Stretchable Bioelectronics (Adv. Funct. Mater. 43/2020)

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Advanced Functional materials 2020年第43期30卷

作者： Tuan‐Anh Pham Tuan‐Khoa Nguyen Raja Kumar Vadivelu Toan Dinh Afzaal Qamar Sharda Yadav Yusuke Yamauchi John A. Rogers Nam‐Trung Nguyen Hoang‐Phuong Phan Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre Griffith University Nathan QLD 4111 Australia Department of Chemical Systems Engineering The University of Tokyo Bunkyo‐ku Tokyo 113‐0033 Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Southern Queensland Springfield QLD 4300 Australia Electrical Engineering Department University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA School of Chemical Engineering Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of Queensland St Lucia Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources Kyung Hee University Gyeonggi‐do Yongin 17104 South Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Department of Biomedical Engineering Department of Neurological Surgery Department of Chemistry Department of Mechanical Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Science Center for Bio‐Integrated Electronics Simpson Querrey Institute for Nano/biotechnology Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA

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Valley-selective optical Stark effect probed by Kerr rotation

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Physical Review B 2018年第4期97卷 045307-045307页

作者： Trevor LaMountain Hadallia Bergeron Itamar Balla Teodor K. Stanev Mark C. Hersam Nathaniel P. Stern Applied Physics Program Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Department of Chemistry Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA

The ability to monitor and control distinct states is at the heart of emerging quantum technologies. The valley pseudospin in transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) monolayers is a promising degree of freedom for such control, with the optical Stark effect allowing for valley-selective manipulation of energy levels in WS2 and WSe2 using ultrafast optical pulses. Despite these advances, understanding of valley-sensitive optical Stark shifts in TMDCs has been limited by reflectance-based detection methods where the signal is small and prone to background effects. More sensitive polarization-based spectroscopy is required to better probe ultrafast Stark shifts for all-optical manipulation of valley energy levels. Here, we show time-resolved Kerr rotation to be a more sensitive probe of the valley-selective optical Stark effect in monolayer TMDCs. Compared to the established time-resolved reflectance methods, Kerr rotation is less sensitive to background effects. Kerr rotation provides a fivefold improvement in the signal-to-noise ratio of the Stark effect optical signal and a more precise estimate of the energy shift. This increased sensitivity allows for observation of an optical Stark shift in monolayer MoS2 that exhibits both valley and energy selectivity, demonstrating the promise of this method for investigating this effect in other layered materials and heterostructures.

关键词： Dielectric properties Excitons Semiconductors Transition metal dichalcogenides Kerr effect Reflectivity

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