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Retraction Note: An adaptive QoS computation for medical data processing in intelligent healthcare applications

Neural Computing and Applications 2024年第17期36卷 10381-10381页

作者： Sodhro, Ali Hassan Malokani, Abdul Sattar Sodhro, Gul Hassan Muzammall, Muhammad Zongwei, Luo Electrical Engineering Department Sukkur IBA University Sukkur Pakistan IDA-Computer and Information Science Department Linkoping University Linköping Sweden Department of Biomedical Engineering Kyunghee University South Korea Suwon Korea Department of Physics Shah Abdul Latif University Khairpur Mirs Pakistan Department of Computer Science Bahria University Islamabad Pakistan Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence Department of the Computer Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China

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Ptychographic lens-less polarization microscopy

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Kim, Jeongsoo Song, Seungri Kim, Bora Park, Mirae Oh, Seung Jae Kim, Daesuk Cense, Barry Huh, Yong-Min Lee, Joo Yong Joo, Chulmin Department of Mechanical Engineering Yonsei University Seoul03722 Korea Republic of Department of Ophthalmology Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine Seoul05505 Korea Republic of Department of Radiology College of Medicine Yonsei University Seoul03722 Korea Republic of YUHS-KRIBB Medical Convergence Research Institute Seoul03722 Korea Republic of Department of Mechanical System Engineering Jeonbuk National University Jeonju54896 Korea Republic of Optical and Biomedical Engineering Laboratory Department of Electrical Electronic & Computer Engineering The University of Western Australia PerthWA6009 Australia Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology College of Medicine Yonsei University Seoul03722 Korea Republic of

Birefringence, an inherent characteristic of optically anisotropic materials, is widely utilized in various imaging applications ranging from material characterizations to clinical diagnosis. Polarized light microscopy enables high-resolution, high-contrast imaging of optically anisotropic specimens, but it is associated with mechanical rotations of polarizer/analyzer and relatively complex optical designs. Here, we present a novel form of polarization-sensitive microscopy capable of birefringence imaging of transparent objects without an optical lens and any moving parts. Our method exploits an optical mask-modulated polarization image sensor and single-input-state LED illumination design to obtain complex and birefringence images of the object via ptychographic phase retrieval. Using a camera with a pixel resolution of 3.45 µm, the method achieves birefringence imaging with a half-pitch resolution of 2.46 µm over a 59.74 mm2 field-of-view, which corresponds to a space-bandwidth product of 9.9 megapixels. We demonstrate the high-resolution, large-area birefringence imaging capability of our method by presenting the birefringence images of various anisotropic objects, including a birefringent resolution target, liquid crystal polymer depolarizer, monosodium urate crystal, and excised mouse eye and heart tissues. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Birefringence

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Maximum A-Posteriori Probability (MAP) Terahertz Parameter Extraction for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

Maximum A-Posteriori Probability (MAP) Terahertz Parameter E...

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International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves

作者： Debamitra Chakraborty Bradley N. Mills Jing Cheng Scott A. Gerber Roman Sobolewski Materials Science Graduate Program University of Rochester Rochester New York USA Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of Rochester Rochester New York USA Department of Surgery University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester New York USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Rochester Rochester New York USA

ISBN: (数字)9781728194271

ISBN: (纸本)9781728194288

We developed a maximum a-posteriori probability-based terahertz parameter extraction method to obtain tissue characteristics of paraffin-embedded murine pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma samples. This estimation algorithm can produce conservative estimates of tissue parameters without resorting to frequency-domain analysis. We report well-resolved and statistically significant differences in tumor tissue regions as compared to their healthy counterparts using our parameters extraction algorithm. We propose to use the index of refraction and the absorption as imaging biomarker parameters for biological tissue characterization.

关键词： Maximum a posteriori estimation Absorption Frequency-domain analysis Biological tissues Refractive index Estimation Probability

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Single-Shot Readout of a Solid-State Spin in a Decoherence-Free Subspace

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Physical Review Applied 2021年第3期15卷 L031002-L031002页

作者： D. Farfurnik R. M. Pettit Z. Luo E. Waks Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics and Joint Quantum Institute University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742 USA Intelligence Community Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Program University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742 USA

The efficient single-photon-emission capabilities of quantum dot molecules position them as promising platforms for quantum information processing. Furthermore, quantum dot molecules feature a “decoherence-free” subspace that enables spin qubits with long coherence times. To efficiently read out the spin state within this subspace requires the optical cycling of isolated transitions that originate from a triplet manifold within the quantum dot molecule. We propose and theoretically study a two-stage spin-readout protocol within this decoherence-free subspace that allows single-shot readout performance. The process incorporates a microwave π pulse and optical cycling of the isolated transitions, which induces fluorescence that allows us to identify the initial spin state. This protocol offers enhanced readout fidelity compared to previous schemes that rely on the excitation of transitions that strongly decay to multiple ground states or require long initialization via slow optically forbidden transitions. By simulating the performance of the protocol, we show that an optimal spin-readout fidelity of over 97% and single-shot readout performance are achievable for a photon-collection efficiency of just 0.12%. This high readout performance for such realistic photon-collection conditions within the decoherence-free subspace expands the potential of quantum dot molecules as building blocks for quantum networks.

关键词： Optoelectronics Quantum information with solid state qubits Quantum networks Single photon sources Double quantum dots Coherent control Microwave techniques Quantum master equation

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Design of a Hybrid SMA-Pneumatic based Wearable Upper Limb Exoskeleton 25

Design of a Hybrid SMA-Pneumatic based Wearable Upper Limb E...

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25th ACM International Symposium on Wearable computers, ISWC 2021

作者： Golgouneh, Alireza Beaudette, Eric Woelfle, Heidi Li, Bai Subash, Niharikha Redhouse, Amanda Jones, Mark Martin, Tom Lobo, Michele Holschuh, Brad Dunne, Lucy Wearable Technology Lab University of Minnesota-Twin Cities United States Department of Physical Therapy and Biomechanics and Movement Science Program University of Delaware United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Virginia Tech University United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450384629

Upper limb mobility impairments affect individuals at all life stages. Exoskeletons can assist in rehabilitation as well as performing Activities of Daily Living (ADL). Most commercial assistive devices still rely on rigid robotics with constrained biomechanical degrees of freedom that may even increase user exertion. Therefore, this paper discusses the iterative design and development of a novel hybrid pneumatic actuation and Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) based wearable soft exoskeleton to assist in shoulder abduction and horizontal flexion/extension movements, with integrated soft strain sensing to track shoulder joint motion. The garment development was done in two stages which involved creating (1) SMA actuators integrated with soft sensing, and (2) integrating pneumatic actuation. The final soft exoskeleton design was developed based on the insights gained from two prior prototypes in terms of wearability, usability, comfort, and functional specifications (i.e., placement and number) of the sensors and actuators. The final exoskeleton is a modular, multilayer garment which uses a hybrid and customizable actuation strategy (SMA and inflatable pneumatic bladder). © 2021 Owner/Author.

关键词： Wearable technology

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Bias in Machine Learning Models Can Be Significantly Mitigated by Careful Training: Evidence from Neuroimaging Studies

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Wang, Rongguang Chaudhari, Pratik Davatzikos, Christos Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering University of Pennsylvania United States Center for AI and Data Science for Integrated Diagnostics University of Pennsylvania United States Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics University of Pennsylvania United States Department of Computer and Information Science University of Pennsylvania United States Department of Radiology Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania United States

Despite the great promise that machine learning has offered in many fields of medicine, it has also raised concerns about potential biases and poor generalization across genders, age distributions, races and ethnicities, hospitals, and data acquisition equipment and protocols. In the current study, and in the context of three brain diseases, we provide evidence which suggests that when properly trained, machine learning models can generalize well across diverse conditions and do not necessarily suffer from bias. Specifically, by using multi-study magnetic resonance imaging consortia for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, and autism spectrum disorder, we find that well-trained models have a high area-under-the-curve (AUC) on subjects across different subgroups pertaining to attributes such as gender, age, racial groups, and different clinical studies and are unbiased under multiple fairness metrics such as demographic parity difference, equalized odds difference, equal opportunity difference etc. We find that models that incorporate multi-source data from demographic, clinical, genetic factors and cognitive scores are also unbiased. These models have better predictive AUC across subgroups than those trained only with imaging features but there are also situations when these additional features do not help. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging

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Synergetic Effect of Nonthermal Plasma and Supported Cobalt Catalyst in Plasma-Enhanced Co2 Hydrogenation

SSRN

引用

SSRN 2022年

作者： Song, Chunshan Wang, Jiajie Wang, Xiaoxing AlQahtani, Mohammad S. Knecht, Sean D. Bilén, Sven G. Chu, Wei Department of Chemical Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu610065 China Clean Fuels & Catalysis Program EMS Energy Institute Department of Energy and Mineral Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Department of Chemical Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States School of Engineering Design Technology and Professional Programs The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science The Chinese University of Hong Kong NT Hong Kong Shatin China

Nonthermal plasma can provide an alternative to CO 2 utilization under mild conditions. Understanding the effect of plasma on catalysis is highly desired. Herein, a comparative study was performed on CO 2 hydrogenation under thermal catalytic and plasma catalytic conditions using an alumina-supported cobalt catalyst. Significant plasma-catalyst synergy was attained at the low-temperature range between 423 K and 498 K where the CO 2 conversion increased up to approximately 3.6 times of the sum of that using plasma or catalyst individually. The plasma-catalytic reaction showed a significantly lower activation energy (~40 kJ/mol), which is only half of that in the thermal catalytic reaction (~80 kJ/mol). Kinetic analysis and DRIFTS results indicate that CO 2 activation is promoted by plasma with the assistance of active H species from gas phase. Furthermore, the total H 2 adsorption capacity and the coverage of unrecyclable adsorbed H species on the metal surface were decreased under plasma. The promotion effect is very likely due to a new reaction pathway introduced by plasma. In addition, the structure and morphology changes of spent catalysts after thermal or plasma reaction were not significant, suggesting they contribute little to the synergetic effect observed under the conditions. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbon dioxide

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Designing, Synthesizing and Modeling Active Fluids

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Essafri, Ilham Ghosh, Bappa Desgranges, Caroline Delhommelle, Jerome Department of Biomedical Engineering University of North Dakota 243 Centennial Dr Stop 8155 Grand ForksND58202 United States Tech Accelerator University of North Dakota Suite 2300 4201 James Ray Drive Grand ForksND58202 United States Department of Chemistry University of North Dakota 151 Cornell Street Stop 9024 Grand ForksND58202 United States School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of North Dakota 243 Centennial Dr Stop 7165 Grand ForksND58202 United States

We review recent advances in the design, synthesis, and modeling of active fluids. Active fluids have been at the center of many technological innovations and theoretical advances over the past two decades. Research on this new class of fluids has been inspired by the fascinating and remarkably efficient strategies that biological systems employ, leading to the development of biomimetic nano- and micro-machines and -swimmers. The review encompasses active fluids on both the nano- and micro-scale. We start with examples of biological active systems before we discuss how experimentalists leverage novel propulsion mechanisms to power nano- and micro-machines. We then examine how the study of these far-from-equilibrium systems has prompted the development of new simulation methods and theoretical models in nonquilibrium physics to account for their mechanical, thermodynamic and emergent properties. Recent advances in the field have paved the way for the design, synthesis, and modeling of autonomous systems at the nano- and microscale and open the door to the development of soft matter robotics. © 2023, CC BY-SA.

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Negative Label Guided Discriminative Canonical Correlation Analysis for Semi-Supervised and Semi-Paired Learning

Negative Label Guided Discriminative Canonical Correlation A...

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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

作者： Xin Guo Song Wang Yun Tie Lin Qi Ling Guan School of Information Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China Department of Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering Ryerson University Toronto Canada

ISBN: (数字)9781728133201

ISBN: (纸本)9781728133218

Semi-supervised learning is a popular trend for learning based methods in recent years, as it fully exploits both the labeled and unlabeled samples in a dataset. This paper sets itself apart from most existing semi-supervised learning algorithms, which only use the exact labels of data already known. We take the negative label as side information to guide the process of semi-supervised learning. Two types of supervision information are regarded as negative label; the first type indicates that a sample definitely does not belong to a specific category, and the second indicates that two samples come from different views, and cannot have a one to one correspondence. By reasonably assuming that nearby points should have similar class indicators, the data labels are propagated under the negative label and the geometric structure revealed by both labeled and unlabeled points. Specifically, we predict one to one pair information by utilizing the neighbor information of samples, under the guidance of the negative pair label. Extensive experiments on several datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method.

关键词： Prediction algorithms Gold Semisupervised learning Cats Market research Training Machine learning

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Crowdsourcing Skin Demarcations of Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease in Patient Photographs: Training Versus Performance Study

JMIR Dermatology

引用

JMIR Dermatology 2023年第1期6卷 e48589页

作者： McNeil, Andrew J. Parks, Kelsey Liu, Xiaoqi Jiang, Bohan Coco, Joseph McCool, Kira Fabbri, Daniel Duhaime, Erik P. Dawant, Benoit M. Tkaczyk, Eric R. Dermatology Service and Research Service Department of Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System Nashville TN United States Department of Dermatology Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Vanderbilt University Nashville TN United States Department of Biomedical Informatics Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN United States Centaur Labs Boston MA United States

Background: Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is a significant cause of long-term morbidity and mortality in patients after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Skin is the most commonly affected organ, and visual assessment of cGVHD can have low reliability. Crowdsourcing data from nonexpert participants has been used for numerous medical applications, including image labeling and segmentation tasks. Objective: This study aimed to assess the ability of crowds of nonexpert raters-individuals without any prior training for identifying or marking cGHVD-to demarcate photos of cGVHD-affected skin. We also studied the effect of training and feedback on crowd performance. Methods: Using a Canfield Vectra H1 3D camera, 360 photographs of the skin of 36 patients with cGVHD were taken. Ground truth demarcations were provided in 3D by a trained expert and reviewed by a board-certified dermatologist. In total, 3000 2D images (projections from various angles) were created for crowd demarcation through the DiagnosUs mobile app. Raters were split into high and low feedback groups. The performances of 4 different crowds of nonexperts were analyzed, including 17 raters per image for the low and high feedback groups, 32-35 raters per image for the low feedback group, and the top 5 performers for each image from the low feedback group. Results: Across 8 demarcation competitions, 130 raters were recruited to the high feedback group and 161 to the low feedback group. This resulted in a total of 54,887 individual demarcations from the high feedback group and 78,967 from the low feedback group. The nonexpert crowds achieved good overall performance for segmenting cGVHD-affected skin with minimal training, achieving a median surface area error of less than 12% of skin pixels for all crowds in both the high and low feedback groups. The low feedback crowds performed slightly poorer than the high feedback crowd, even when a larger crowd was used. Tracking the 5 most reliabl

关键词： artificial intelligence cGVHD crowdsourcing dermatology feasibility graft-versus-host disease imaging labeling medical image segmentation skin

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