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Blackwater and Graywater on US navy ships: Technical challenges and solutions

NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1999年第3期111卷 293-306页

作者： Benson, J Caplan, I Jacobs, R John Benson:received his BS degree in Mechanical Engineering and MS degree in Environmental Engineering from the University of Maryland. He is a registered Professional Engineer in the State of Maryland. He Joined the Naval Sufrace Warfare Center Carderock Division Environmental Quality Department in 1990 as a project engineer and is now managing the non-oily wastewater (graywater and blackwater) project area. Mr. Ivan Caplan:graduated from Drexel University (Philadelphia Pennsylvania) with a BS in Metallurgical Engineering and was awarded a MS degree from the Johns Hopkins University (Baltimore Maryland) in Mechanics and Materials Science. Mr. Caplan has spent most of his career at the Carderock Division Naval Surface Warfare Center (NSWC) and is currently the Head of the Wastewater Management Branch in the Carderock Division's Environmental Quality Department. Previously Mr. Caplan managed the US Navy's Applied Research Program in Ship & Submarine Materials Technology. In addition Mr. Caplan was manager of the US Navy's Titanium Technology Program Office and during his government career held several external Program Manager positions on at the Naval Sea Systems Command and another at the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. Rachel Jacobs:received BS degrees in Chemical Engineering and Marine Biology from the University of Maryland College Park. After working for the Naval Research Laboratory in Washington DC and the Center for Marine Biotechnology in Baltimore MD she joined the staff of the Naval Surface Warfare Center's Environmental Quality Department in 1997. Since thta time Ms. Jacobs has worked in the non-oily wastewater treatment area and her principal responsibility has been to technically supervise the evaluation operation and modification graywater treatment.

In anticipation of more stringent environmental regulations, the increasing costs of waste disposal, and the need for naval combatants to operate unimpeded in littoral waters, the U.S. Navy has identified the need to develop technologies which are appropriate for the control and treatment of blackwater and graywater. This paper will describe the status of development efforts by the Carderock Division, Naval Surface Warfare Center (CDNSWC) and its supporting contractors, under sponsorship of Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA) and the Office of Naval Research. The challenge was to develop treatment systems that meet Navy shipboard requirements for affordability, compactness, low manning/maintenance, high reliability and safety, and EM, noise, vibration and shock. Membrane ultrafiltration based systems, incorporating aerobic biological pre-treatment and ultraviolet light post treatment disinfection, have ken developed to meet these requirements. Both external and in-tank membrane systems will be described in terms of performance, system operation and space and weight advantages.

关键词： Naval vessels

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Contributory presentations/posters

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Journal of Biosciences 1999年第1期24卷 33-198页

作者： N. Manoj V. R. Srinivas A. Surolia M. Vijayan K. Suguna R. Ravishankar R. Schwarzenbacher K. Zeth Diederichs G. M. Kostner A. Gries P. Laggner R. Prassl Madhusudan Pearl Akamine Nguyen-huu Xuong Susan S. Taylor M. Bidva Sagar K. Saikrishnan S. Roy K. Purnapatre P. Handa U. Varshney B. K. Biswal N. Sukumar J. K. Mohana Rao A. Johnson Vasantha Pattabhi S. Sri Krishna Mira Sastri H. S. Savithri M. R. N. Murthy Bindu Pillai Kannan M. V. Hosur Mukesh Kumar Swati Patwardhan K. K. Kannan B. Padmanabhaa S. Sasaki-Sugio M. Nukaga T. Matsuzaki S. Karthikevan S. Sharma A. K. Sharma M. Paramasivam P. Kumar J. A. Khan S. Yadav A. Srinivasan T. P. Singh S. Gourinath Neelima Alam A. Srintvasan Vikas Chandra Punit Kaur Ch. Betzel S. Ghosh A. K. Bera S. Bhattacharya S. Chakraborty A. K. Pal B. P. Mukhopadhyay I. Dey U. Haldar Asok Baneriee Jozef Sevcik Adriana Solovicova K. Sekar M. Sundaralingam N. Genov Dong-cai Liang Tao Jiang Ji-ping Zhang Wen-rui Chang Wolfgang Jahnke Marcel Blommers S. C. Panchal R. V. Hosur Bindu Pillay Puniti Mathur S. Srivatsun Ratan Mani Joshi N. R. Jaganathan V. S. Chauhan H. S. Atreya S. C. Sahu K. V. R. Chary Girjesh Govil Elisabeth Adjadj Éric Quinjou Nadia Izadi-Pruneyre Yves Blouquit Joël Mispelter Bernadette Heyd Guilhem Lerat Philippe Milnard Michel Desmadreil Y. Lin B. D. Nageswara Rao Vidva Raghunathan Mei H. Chau Prashant Pesais Sudha Srivastava Evans Coutinho Anil Saran Leizl F. Sapico Jayson Gesme Herbert Lijima Raymond Paxton Thamarapu Srikrishnan C. R. Grace G. Nagenagowda A. M. Lynn Sudha M. Cowsik Sarata C. Sahu S. Chauhan A. Bhattacharya G. Govil Anil Kumar Maurizio Pellecchia Erik R. P. Zuiderweg Keiichi Kawano Tomoyasu Aizawa Naoki Fujitani Yoichi Hayakawa Atsushi Ohnishi Tadayasu Ohkubo Yasuhiro Kumaki Kunio Hikichi Katsutoshi Nitta V. Rani Parvathy R. M. Kini Takumi Koshiba Yoshihiro Kobashigawa Min Yao Makoto Demura Astushi Nakagawa Isao Tanaka Kunihiro Kuwajima Jens Linge Seán O. Donoghue Michael Nilges G. Chakshusmathi Girish S. Ratnaparkhi P. K. Madhu R. Varadarajan C. Tetreau Molecular Biophysics Unit Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India Austrian Academy of Sciences Institute of Biophysics and X-ray Structure Research Graz Austria Faculty of Biology University of Konstanz Germany Institute of Medical Biochemistry University of Graz Austria Howard Huges Medical Institute Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry University of California La Jolla USA Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry University of California San Diego La Jolla USA Molecular Biophysics Unit India Department of Microbiology &Cell Biology Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India Macromolecular Structure Laboratory NCI - Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center ABL - Basic Research Program Frederick USA Department of Crystallography and Biophysics University of Madras Chennai Biochemistry Department Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India Condensed Matter Physics Division B.A.R.C. Trombay Mumbai Condensed Matter Physics Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Trombay Mumbai IMCB The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation Yokohama Research Center Yokohama Japan Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Chiba University Chiba Japan Department of Biophysics All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India Department of Biophysics All India Institute of Medical sciences New Delhi India Institüt Physiologische Chemie Hamburg Germany Biophysics Department Bose Institute Calcutta India Slovak Academy of Sciences Institute of Molecular Biology Bratislava Slovakia Indian Institute of Science Bioinformatics Centre Bangalore Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry Biological Macromolecular Structure Center USA Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Institute of Organic Chemistry Sofia Bulgaria Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Biophysics Beijing China Novartis Pharma AG Preclinical Research Basel Switzerland Department of Chemical Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Mumbai India Solid State Physics Div

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Comparative study of back surface field contact formation using different lamp configurations in rapid thermal processing

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Journal of Vacuum science & Technology B: Microelectronics Processing and Phenomena 1998年第2期16卷 613-613页

作者： Singh, R. Vedagarbha, V. Nimmagadda, S.V. Narayanan, S. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering Program Clemson University Clemson South Carolina 29631-0915 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Clemson University Clemson South Carolina 29631-0915 Solarex Corporation 630 Solarex Court Frederick Maryland 21701

In this article, we have studied the role of photoeffects in the formation of aluminum back surface field (BSF) contacts on p-type silicon wafers by using different lamp configurations in rapid thermal processing (RTP). Use of photons of wavelengths less than 800 nm in conjunction with infrared and visible photons in RTP resulted in the reduction of processing time from 202 to 138 s and the processing temperature from 890 to 850 °C. The reduction in the overall thermal budget used for BSF contact formation is a direct result of photon assisted RTP. The availability of a large number of high energy photons on the metal surface also resulted in improved electrical, structural and mechanical properties of the processed device.

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Cu Nanoparticle Formation: Copper Redistribution During NaCl Solution Corrosion of Al-Cu-Mg Alloys

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Microscopy and Microanalysis 1998年第2 S期4卷 754-755页

作者： Ford, R.G. Carpenter, R.W. Sieradzki, K. Science & Engineering of Materials Program Center for Solid State Science Arizona State University Tempe 85287-1704 AZ United States Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Department Arizona State University Tempe 85287-1704 AZ United States

Aluminum-copper-magnesium alloys also containing manganese and iron (commercial designation 2024) are susceptible to marine corrosion and stress corrosion cracking. Susceptibility depends on heat treatment, and is thought to involve redistribution of copper from within the microstructure onto the surface of the corroding alloy, but few direct observations of the mechanism have been made. Copper can be distributed in several ways throughout the microstructure, which complicates mechanism studies. The primary age-hardening phase is Al2CuMg (orthorhombic; a=4.01, b=9.25, c=7.15 Å) which appears as more or less large equiaxed S particles at equilibrium, and as metastable S’ plates after aging for shorter times at lower temperature (∼190°C). In addition, ubiquitous so-called “dispersoids” containing copper and manganese (prolate spheroid morphology) or iron (irregular “blocky” morphology) do not go into solution when the alloy is solid state homogenized (-495 °C) and are always present in the microstructure. All of these phases are copper-rich sources for surface redistribution relative to the matrix during corrosion.

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Multiwavelength integrated 2 × 2 optical cross-connect switch and lambda-partitioner with 2 × N phased-array waveguide grating in self-loopback configuration

Multiwavelength integrated 2 × 2 optical cross-connect swit...

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1998 Optical Fiber Communication Conference, OFC 1998

作者： Li, Haifeng Lee, Chau-Han Zhong, Shan Chen, Yung Jui Dagenais, M. Stone, D. Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore County Joint Program for Advanced Electronic Materials 1000 Hilltop Circle BaltimoreMD21250 United States

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First-order spin-paramagnetic transition and tricritical point in ultrathin Be films

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Physical Review B 1998年第6期58卷 R2952(R)-R2952(R)页

作者： P. W. Adams P. Herron E. I. Meletis Department of Mechanical Engineering Materials Science and Engineering Program Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana 70803

We report measurements of the parallel critical magnetic field of thin superconducting beryllium films with Tc∼0.6K. The critical field transitions were spin-paramagnetically limited and found to be strongly hysteretic below a tricritical point at Ttri=190mK. The magnitude of the hysteresis and Ttri were observed to be completely suppressed in field misalignments θ>~1°. Time relaxation measurements in the hysteretic regime showed simple exponential decays in the highest quality films and nonexponential decays interspersed with avalanches in more inhomogeneous samples.

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Material design approaches for improving impact resistance of composites

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Key engineering materials 1998年第143 PART 1期141-143卷 169-186页

作者： Zhong, W. Jang, B.Z. Materials Engineering Program 201 Ross Hall Auburn Unviersity AL 36849 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Beijing China

Impact failure of fiber-reinforced polymer composites is a very complex phenomenon. Their fracture toughness is not simply the sum of the weighted contributions of their constituents, but is governed more importantly by the extent of energy dissipation through various toughening mechanisms. Material design approaches for improving impact resistance of these composites, which include modifications of thermosets, interleaving, supplementary reinforcements, and stitched 3-D reinforcements, are discussed.

关键词： 3D Reinforcements Controlled Interlaminar Phase Impact Resistance Modified Thermosets

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A Novel Technique for the Fabrication of Free-Standing Adhesive Films Using a Polymer Template

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MRS Online Proceedings Library 1998年第1期518卷 111-115页

作者： D. J. Hansford L. P. Lee M. Ferrari Biomedical Microdevices Center University of California Berkeley USA Department of Materials Science and Mineral Engineering U.C. Berkeley USA Applied Science and Technology Program U.C. Berkeley USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering U.C. Berkeley USA

A technique has been developed that allows the application of free-standing membranes of polymer adhesives used in microfabricated structures. The film is made free-standing by the application of the adhesive to a polymer template, followed by an adhesion step to a microfabricated substrate, and the final release of the film by the removal of the polymer template. It was found that the surface treatment used to treat the Teflon template made it adhere too strongly to the adhesive film for this application. The results show that Gel-Paks make a suitable template for the transference of polymer films over holes of at least micron size.

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High power near diffraction limited external cavity single-angled facet tapered lasers, tunable from 1.505 to 1.565 /spl mu/m and 0.795 to 0.855 /spl mu/m with high spectral purity

High power near diffraction limited external cavity single-a...

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IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC)

作者： S.H. Cho S. Fox J.H. Song Y. Hu Z.F. Fan F.G. Johnson D. Stone G. Erbert F. Bugge M. Dagenais Department of Electrical Engineering and Joint Program for Advanced Electronic Materials University of Maryland College Park MD USA Laboratory of Physical Science College Park MD USA Ferdinand-Braun-Institut für Höchfrequenztechnik Germany

Summary form only given. We have demonstrated the operation of a high power near diffraction limited external cavity QW laser by implementing a single-angled facet curved input preamplifier with wide tuning and high s... 详细信息

关键词： Diffraction Power lasers Tunable circuits and devices Laser tuning Coatings Electrodes Laser feedback Bandwidth Preamplifiers Artificial intelligence

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BOOK REVIEW: Scientific and Clinical Applications of Magnetic Carriers, edited by U. Häfeli, W. Schütt, J. Teller, and M. Zborowski

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Annals of Biomedical engineering 1998年第5期26卷 904-904页

作者： Chris Batich Biomedical Engineering Program Materials Science and Engineering Department University of Florida Gainesville

PAC98: 8740+w, 8722Pg, 8759Pw, 8754Br, 8715-v, 8780+s

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