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11th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2023

作者： Beintema, Gerben I. Schoukens, Maarten Tóth, Roland Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Netherlands Systems and Control Laboratory Institute for Computer Science and Control Budapest Hungary

Continuous-time (CT) modeling has proven to provide improved sample efficiency and interpretability in learning the dynamical behavior of physical systems compared to discrete-time (DT) models. However, even with numerous recent developments, the CT nonlinear state-space (NL-SS) model identification problem remains to be solved in full, considering common experimental aspects such as the presence of external inputs, measurement noise, latent states, and general robustness. This paper presents a novel estimation method that addresses all these aspects and that can obtain state-of-the-art results on multiple benchmarks with compact fully connected neural networks capturing the CT dynamics. The proposed estimation method called the subspace encoder approach (SUBNET) ascertains these results by efficiently approximating the complete simulation loss by evaluating short simulations on subsections of the data, by using an encoder function to estimate the initial state for each subsection and a novel state-derivative normalization to ensure stability and good numerical conditioning of the training process. We prove that the use of subsections increases cost function smoothness together with the necessary requirements for the existence of the encoder function and we show that the proposed state-derivative normalization is essential for reliable estimation of CT NL-SS models. © 2023 11th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2023. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cost functions

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Polarization-induced photocurrent switching effect in heterojunction photodiodes

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Nano Research 2023年第4期16卷 5503-5510页

作者： Dingbo Chen Yu-Chang Chen Guang Zeng Yu-Chun Li Xiao-Xi Li Dong Li Chao Shen Nan Chi Boon S.Ooi David Wei Zhang Hong-Liang Lu State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Electronics&SystemsSchool of MicroelectronicsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves Department of Communication Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Photonics Laboratory Division of ComputerElectricaland Mathematical Sciences and EngineeringKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

The unipolar photocurrent in conventional photodiodes(PDs)based on photovoltaic effect limits the output modes and potential versatility of these devices in *** photodiodes with photocurrent switching are emerging as a promising solution for obtaining photoelectric devices with unique and attractive functions,such as optical logic ***,we design an all-solid-state chip-scale ultraviolet(UV)PD based on a hybrid GaN heterojunction with engineered bipolar polarized electric *** introducing the polarization-induced photocurrent switching effect,the photocurrent direction can be switched in response to the wavelength of incident light at 0 V *** particular,the photocurrent direction exhibits negative when the irradiation wavelength is less than 315 nm,but positive when the wavelength is longer than 315 *** device shows a responsivity of up to−6.7 mA/W at 300 nm and 5.3 mA/W at 340 nm,*** particular,three special logic gates in response to different dual UV light inputs are demonstrated via a single bipolar PD,which may be beneficial for future multifunctional UV photonic integrated devices and systems.

关键词： GaN heterostructure ultraviolet(UV)photodiodes bipolar photocurrent optical logic device

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Generative AI-Driven Incentive Mechanism for Semantic Communications in RSMA Networks

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IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking 2025年第3期11卷 1708-1722页

作者： Liu, Dongqing Liu, Yongwen Zhang, Lei Hafid, Abdelhakim Khoukhi, Lyes Li, Mingyuan Liu, Yutao Dong, Yadong The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University National Engineering Laboratory for Internet Medical Systems and Applications Zhengzhou China Zhengzhou University of Light Industry Software Engineering College Zhengzhou China Henan University of Technology College of Electrical Engineering Zhengzhou China University of Montreal Department of Computer Science and Operational Research Canada GREYC Laboratory ENSICAEN Normandie University France

This paper proposes a framework integrating Rate Splitting Multiple Access (RSMA), semantic communications, and generative AI for optimizing next-generation wireless networks. We present a unified model that combines RSMA with semantic communications to enhance both spectral efficiency and semantic fidelity. Our system model focuses on a downlink semantic communication system with a multi-antenna base station serving multiple single-antenna users. A dynamic contract-based incentive mechanism is developed to address user heterogeneity and information asymmetry in semantic RSMA scenarios. We introduce a diffusion model-based approach for joint optimization of resource allocation and contract design in RSMA systems. The semantic encoding process extracts key information, i.e., free-space detection, interest points, object attributes, and spatial relationships, from image data. A loss function is designed to train the semantic encoder and RSMA scheme, incorporating semantic extraction, partitioning, reconstruction, and task specific components. Our framework includes a multi-objective performance evaluation that considers both conventional metrics and semantic accuracy in a multi-user RSMA environment. We also define a multi-component semantic accuracy metric to assess the quality and utility of the extracted semantic information. Extensive simulation results demonstrate the superiority of our proposed framework over existing approaches in terms of system throughput, energy efficiency, and semantic fidelity across various network scenarios and user distributions. © 2015 IEEE.

关键词： Resource allocation

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Extinction Chains Reveal Intermediate Phases Between the Safety and Collapse in Mutualistic Ecosystems

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engineering 2024年第12期43卷 89-98页

作者： Guangwei Wang Xueming Liu Ying Xiao Ye Yuan Linqiang Pan Xiaohong Guan Jianxi Gao Hai-Tao Zhang The MOE Engineering Research Center of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and TechnologySchool of Artificial Intelligence and AutomationHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Guangdong HUST Industrial Technology Research Institute Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyDongguan 523808China Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Center of Autonomous Unmanned Vessels Dongguan 523808China MOE Key Laboratory of Intelligent Networks and Network Security&State Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Systems Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Tsinghua National Laboratory of Information Science and Technology Department of AutomationTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Computer Science Rensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNY 12180USA

Ecosystems are undergoing unprecedented persistent deterioration due to unsustainable anthropogenic human activities,such as overfishing and deforestation,and the effects of such damage on ecological stability are *** recent advances in experimental and theoretical studies on regime shifts and tipping points,theoretical tools for understanding the extinction chain,which is the sequence of species extinctions resulting from overexploitation,are still lacking,especially for large-scale nonlinear networked *** this study,we developed a mathematical tool to predict regime shifts and extinction chains in ecosystems under multiple exploitation situations and verified it in 26 real-world mutualistic networks of various sizes and *** discovered five phases during the exploitation process:safe,partial extinction,bistable,tristable,and collapse,which enabled the optimal design of restoration strategies for degraded or collapsed *** validated our approach using a 20-year dataset from an eelgrass restoration ***,we also found a specific region in the diagram spanning exploitation rates and competition intensities,where exploiting more species helps increase *** computational tool provides insights into harvesting,fishing,exploitation,or deforestation plans while conserving or restoring the biodiversity of mutualistic ecosystems.

关键词： Complex system Network science Overexploitation Regime shift Metastability

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Bi-level Optimal Planning of Voltage Regulator in Distribution systems Considering Maximization of Incentive-based Photovoltaic Energy Integration

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy systems 2023年第6期9卷 2008-2017页

作者： Xu Xu Youwei Jia Chun Sing Lai Minghao Wang Zhao Xu Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenChina Department of Electrical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomHong Kong SARChina Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University Key Laboratory of Advanced Wireless Communications of Guangdong ProvinceSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 515100China Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Brunel Institute of Power SystemsBrunel University LondonLondonUB83PH United Kingdom Department of Electrical Engineering Shenzhen Research InstituteThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomHong Kong SARChina

This paper focuses on optimal voltage regulator(VR)planning to maximize the photovoltaic(PV)energy integration in distribution *** describe the amount of dynamic PV energy that can be integrated into the power system,the concept of PV accommodation capability(PVAC)is introduced and modeled with *** proposed planning model is formulated as a Benders decomposition based bi-level stochastic optimization *** the upper-level problem,VR planning decisions and PVAC are determined via mixed integer linear programming(MILP)before considering *** in the lower-level problem,the feasibility of first-level results is checked by critical network constraints(*** magnitude constraints and line capacity constraints)under uncertainties considered by time-varying loads and PV *** this paper,these uncertainties are represented in the form of operational scenarios,which are generated by the Gaussian copula theory and reduced by a well-studied backward-reduction *** modified IEEE 33-node distribution grid is utilized to verify the effectiveness of the proposed *** results demonstrate that a PV energy integration can be significantly enhanced after optimal voltage regulator planning.

关键词： Bi-level stochastic optimization problem critical network constraints photovoltaic energy integration uncertainties voltage regulator planning

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Control and Stability of Large-scale Power System with Highly Distributed Renewable Energy Generation:Viewpoints from Six Aspects

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy systems 2023年第1期9卷 8-14页

作者： Qing-Hua Wu Anjan Bose Chanan Singh Joe H.Chow Gang Mu Yuanzhang Sun Zhaoxi Liu Zhigang Li Yang Liu School of Electric Power Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China School of Electrical Engineering&Computer Science Washington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Department of Electrical Computer and Systems EngineeringRensselaer Polytechnic Institute(RPI)TroyNYUSA Key Laboratory of Modern Power System Simulation and Control&Renewable Energy Technology Ministry of Education(Northeast Electric Power University)Jilin 132012China School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

Power systems are moving toward a low-carbon or carbon-neutral future where high penetration of renewables is *** conventional fossil-fueled synchronous generators in the transmission network being replaced by renewable energy generation which is highly distributed across the entire grid,new challenges are emerging to the control and stability of large-scale power *** analysis and control methods are needed for power systems to cope with the ongoing *** the CSEE JPES forum,six leading experts were invited to deliver keynote speeches,and the participating researchers and professionals had extensive exchanges and discussions on the control and stability of power ***,potential changes and challenges of power systems with high penetration of renewable energy generation were introduced and explained,and advanced control methods were proposed and analyzed for the transient stability enhancement of power grids.

关键词： Distributed energy resources high converter penetration power system control renewable energy generation stability control transient stability

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A Primal-Dual SGD Algorithm for Distributed Nonconvex Optimization

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2022年第5期9卷 812-833页

作者： Xinlei Yi Shengjun Zhang Tao Yang Tianyou Chai Karl Henrik Johansson Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer ScienceKTH Royal Institute of Technologyand also affiliated with the Digital FuturesStockholm 10044Sweden Department of Electrical Engineering University of North TexasDentonTX 76203 USA IEEE State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

The distributed nonconvex optimization problem of minimizing a global cost function formed by a sum of n local cost functions by using local information exchange is *** problem is an important component of many machine learning techniques with data parallelism,such as deep learning and federated *** propose a distributed primal-dual stochastic gradient descent(SGD)algorithm,suitable for arbitrarily connected communication networks and any smooth(possibly nonconvex)cost *** show that the proposed algorithm achieves the linear speedup convergence rate O(1/(√nT))for general nonconvex cost functions and the linear speedup convergence rate O(1/(nT)) when the global cost function satisfies the Polyak-Lojasiewicz(P-L)condition,where T is the total number of *** also show that the output of the proposed algorithm with constant parameters linearly converges to a neighborhood of a global *** demonstrate through numerical experiments the efficiency of our algorithm in comparison with the baseline centralized SGD and recently proposed distributed SGD algorithms.

关键词： Distributed nonconvex optimization linear speedup Polyak-Lojasiewicz(P-L)condition primal-dual algorithm stochastic gradient descent

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Convergence of Monte Carlo Exploring Starts with TD-Learning 63

Convergence of Monte Carlo Exploring Starts with TD-Learning

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63rd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, CDC 2024

作者： Winnicki, Anna Srikant, R. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Coordinated Science Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering United States Uiuc C3.ai Digital Transformation Institute United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316339

The use of TD-learning has been widely employed in reinforcement learning algorithms due to its efficiency and practicality. Herein, we study the convergence of a variant of Monte Carlo Exploring Starts when operatornameTD(λ) is used in policy evaluation and policy improvement, and lookahead is used in the policy improvement step. Our results provide a threshold for the amount of lookahead that ensures convergence of Monte Carlo Exploring Starts with T D(λ) as a function of λ in[0,1]. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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Distributed Learning by Local Training ADMM 63

Distributed Learning by Local Training ADMM

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63rd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, CDC 2024

作者： Ren, Xiaoxing Bastianello, Nicola Johansson, Karl H. Parisini, Thomas Kth Royal Institute of Technology 2School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Digital Futures Stockholm Sweden Imperial College London Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering London United Kingdom Aalborg University Department of Electronic Systems Denmark University of Trieste Department of Engineering and Architecture Trieste Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316339

In this paper, we focus on distributed learning over peer-to-peer networks. In particular, we address the challenge of expensive communications (which arise when e.g. training neural networks), by proposing a novel local training algorithm, LTADMM. We extend the distributed ADMM enabling the agents to perform multiple local gradient steps per communication round (local training). We present a preliminary convergence analysis of the algorithm under a graph regularity assumption, and show how the use of local training does not compromise the accuracy of the learned model. We compare the algorithm with the state of the art for a classification task, and in different set-ups. The results are very promising showing a great performance of LT-ADMM, and paving the way for future important theoretical developments. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Peer to peer networks

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Soft Artificial Synapse Electronics

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Research 2024年第4期2025卷 101-118页

作者： Md.Rayid Hasan Mojumder Seongchan Kim Cunjiang Yu Department of Electrical Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of IllinoisUrbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of IllinoisUrbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering University of IllinoisUrbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA Department of Bioengineering University of IllinoisUrbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA Materials Research Laboratory University of IllinoisUrbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of IllinoisUrbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA Nick Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory University of IllinoisUrbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA

Soft electronics,known for their bendable,stretchable,and flexible properties,are revolutionizing fields such as biomedical sensing,consumer electronics,and robotics.A primary challenge in this domain is achieving low power consumption,often hampered by the limitations of the conventional von Neumann *** response,the development of soft artificial synapses(SASs)has gained substantial *** synapses seek to replicate the signal transmission properties of biological synapses,offering an innovative solution to this *** review explores the materials and device architectures integral to SAS fabrication,emphasizing flexibility and stability under mechanical *** architectures,including floating-gate dielectric,ferroelectric-gate dielectric,and electrolyte-gate dielectric,are analyzed for effective weight control in *** utilization of organic and low-dimensional materials is highlighted,showcasing their plasticity and energy-efficient ***,the paper investigates the integration of functionality into SASs,particularly focusing on devices that autonomously sense external *** SASs,capable of recognizing optical,mechanical,chemical,olfactory,and auditory cues,demonstrate promising applications in computing and sensing.A detailed examination of photo-functionalized,tactile-functionalized,and chemoreception-functionalized SASs reveals their potential in image recognition,tactile sensing,and chemosensory applications,*** study highlights that SASs and functionalized SAS devices hold transformative potential for bioelectronics and sensing for soft-robotics applications;however,further research is necessary to address scalability,longtime stability,and utilizing functionalized SASs for prosthetics and in vivo applications through clinical *** providing a comprehensive overview,this paper contributes to the understanding of SASs,bridging research gaps and paving the way tow

关键词： dielectric utilizing gained

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