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Periodically poled aluminum scandium nitride bulk acoustic wave resonators and filters for communications in the 6G era

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2025年第1期11卷 265-275页

作者： Izhar M.M.A.Fiagbenu S.Yao X.Du P.Musavigharavi Y.Deng J.Leathersich C.Moe A.Kochhar E.A.Stach R.Vetury R.H.Olsson Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Central FloridaOrlandoFL 32816USA Akoustis Inc. HuntersvilleNC 28078USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA

Bulk Acoustic Wave(BAW)filters find applications in radio frequency(RF)communication systems for Wi-Fi,3G,4G,and 5G *** the beyond-5G(potential 6G)era,high-frequency bands(>8 GHz)are expected to require resonators with high-quality factor(Q)and electromechanical coupling(k_(t)^(2))to form filters with low insertion loss and high ***,both the Q and k_(t)^(2)of resonator devices formed in traditional uniform polarization piezoelectric films of aluminum nitride(AlN)and aluminum scandium nitride(AlScN)decrease when scaled beyond 8 *** this work,we utilized 4-layer AlScN periodically poled piezoelectric films(P3F)to construct high-frequency(~17–18 GHz)resonators and *** resonator performance is studied over a range of device geometries,with the best resonator achieving a k_(t)^(2)of 11.8%and a Qp of 236.6 at the parallel resonance frequency(f_(p))of 17.9 *** resulting figures-of-merit are(FoM_(1)=k_(t)^(2)Qp and FoM_(2)=f_(p)FoM_(1)×10^(-9))27.9 and 500,*** and the k_(t)^(2)are significantly higher than previously reported AlN/AlScN-based resonators operating at similar *** 3-element and 6-element filters formed from these resonators demonstrated low insertion losses(IL)of 1.86 and 3.25 dB,and−3 dB bandwidths(BW)of 680 MHz(fractional BW of 3.9%)and 590 MHz(fractional BW of 3.3%)at a~17.4 GHz center *** 3-element and 6-element filters achieved excellent linearity with in-band input third-order intercept point(IIP3)values of+36 and+40 dBm,respectively,which are significantly higher than previously reported acoustic filters operating at similar frequencies.

关键词： Periodically Poled Filters uniform polarization piezoelectric films electromechanical coupling k t Aluminum Scandium Nitride High Frequency Communication Bulk Acoustic Wave Resonators aluminum scandium n

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Probabilistic Energy and Reserve Co-dispatch for High-renewable Power systems and Its Convex Reformulation

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Journal of Modern Power systems and Clean Energy 2023年第6期11卷 1734-1745页

作者： Shuwei Xu Wenchuan Wu Bin Wang Yue Yang State Key Laboratory of Power Systems Department of Electrical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China IEEE School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China

This paper proposes a probabilistic energy and reserve co-dispatch(PERD) model to address the strong uncertainties in high-renewable power systems. The expected costs of potential renewable energy curtailment/load shedding are fully considered in this model, which avoids insufficient or excessive emergency control capacity to produce more economical reserve decisions than conventional chance-constrained dispatch methods. Furthermore, an analytical reformulation approach of PERD is proposed to make it tractable. We firstly develop an approximation technique with high precision to convert the integral terms in objective functions into analytical ones. Then, the calculation of probabilistic constraints is equivalently transformed into an unconstrained optimization problem by introducing value-at-risk(Va R) representation. Specifically, the Va R formulas can be computed by a computationally-cheap dichotomy search algorithm. Finally, the PERD model is transformed into a convex problem, which can be solved reliably and efficiently using off-the-shelf solvers. Case studies are performed on IEEE test systems and real provincial power grids in China to illustrate the scalability and efficiency of the proposed method.

关键词： Renewable energy energy and reserve dispatch emergency control stochastic optimization analytical approximation

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Impact Assessment of Plug-in Electric Vehicle Charging Locations on Power systems with Integrated Wind Farms Incorporating Dynamic Thermal Limits

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Journal of Modern Power systems and Clean Energy 2022年第3期10卷 710-718页

作者： Bader Alharbi Dilan Jayaweera Department of Electronic Electrical and Systems EngineeringUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering in Majmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah 11952Saudi Arabia

The increased presence of electric vehicle charging locations in a power system with high penetration of intermittent wind power potentially leads to operation complexities resulting in abnormal *** paper proposes an innovative framework for assessing the impact of plug-in electric vehicle(PEV)charging locations on a power system with integrated wind farms,incorporating dynamic thermal limits(DTLs).The framework comprises Monte Carlo simulation,which is embedded with stochastic modeling of various uncertainties under the key operating *** part of the modeling framework,the transmission lines are ranked in accordance with the lowest level of expected energy not *** PEV charging demand is then modeled by incorporating DTLs and applied to the least stressed transmission lines,following the IEEE 738-2006 *** new assessment framework is investigated using an IEEE 24-bus test *** results demonstrate that applying DTLs on the least stressed transmission lines in conjunction with the integration of decentralized wind farms and strategic charging location of PEVs significantly improves the security of the energy supply and considerably reduces interruption costs,as opposed to not having such a framework.

关键词： Dynamic thermal limit impact assessment Monte Carlo simulation plug-in electric vehicle wind farm

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Intelligent current-speed soft-starting controller for an induction motor drive system

Journal of Energy Systems

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Journal of Energy systems 2024年第4期8卷 221-236页

作者： Menaem, Amir Abdel Beryozkina, Svetlana Safaraliev, Murodbek Mansoura University Electrical Engineering Department Mansoura Egypt American University of the Middle East College of Engineering and Technology Kuwait Kuwait Ural Federal University Department of Automated Electrical Systems Yekaterinburg620002 Russia

In industry, three-phase induction motors (IMs) are the most used motors. IMs’ high starting supply current and large accelerating torque make their starting process a potential source of unnecessary energy waste, especially when it is repeated. To overcome the starting problems of an IM, an intelligent soft-starter controller based on an artificial neural network (ANN) is proposed. The controller contains two soft starting control schemes namely, current and speed controls. That allows one to select the soft starting control scheme based on the load requirements and/or supply utility capability. Current and speed controls are to keep the motor's starting current and accelerating torque constant at a specified level, respectively. That is achieved by selecting the appropriate firing angles for the thyristors in the soft starter. The online determination of the thyristor firing angles is resolved through the application of the ANN approach. First, the ANN models for two control techniques are developed using a MATLAB Neural Network Toolbox for training. Based on the current-speed and torque-speed characteristics, two ANN models are trained for a range of thyristor firing angles. Secondly, the ANN models of two control schemes are implemented using MatLab/Simulink for a 3kW three-phase IM. A variety of simulation tests prove that a validation on control technique's effectiveness under various load conditions (no-load, pump, constant, and linear loads) and reference values exists. The least inrush current and smooth acceleration are obtained with two control schemes. © 2024 Erol Kurt. All rights reserved.

关键词： Thyristors

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On the Importance of Trust in Next-Generation Networked Cyber-Physical systems

On the Importance of Trust in Next-Generation Networked Cybe...

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International Conference on Computing, Networking and Communications (ICNC)

作者： Torkzaban, Nariman Gholami, Anousheh Baras, John S. Institute for Systems Research Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371000;9798350370997

With 5G and beyond promises to realize massive machine-type communications, a wide range of applications have driven interest in complex heterogeneous networked systems, including multi-agent optimization, large-scale distributed learning, 5G service provisioning, etc. This trend highlights the essence of seamless control, management, and security mechanisms to be in place for the next-generation networked cyber-physical systems (CPS). In this paper, we interpret trust as a relation among networked collaborating entities that can set forth a measure for evaluating the status of network components and secure the execution of the collaborative protocol. In this paper, we will first elaborate on the importance of trust as a metric and then present a mathematical framework for trust computation and aggregation within a network. We consider two use-case examples where trust can be incorporated into the next-generation networked CPS and improve the security of decision-making, i.e. i) federated learning (FL), and ii) network resource provisioning. Finally, we explain the challenges associated with aggregating the trust evidence and briefly explain our ideas to tackle them.

关键词： Cyber-physical systems trust model trusted federated learning trusted network service placement

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Guaranteed Cost-Based Disturbance Observer and Controller Design for Path Tracking Control of a Powered Paraglider Under Unknown Rudder Trim and Wind Disturbances

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IEEE Access 2024年 12卷 63655-63668页

作者： Takahashi, Yutoku Yamamoto, Mei Wong, Kai-Yi Chen, Ying-Jen Tanaka, Kazuo The University of Electro-Communications Department of Mechanical and Intelligent Systems Engineering Tokyo182-8585 Japan National Sun Yat-sen University Department of Electrical Engineering Kaohsiung804201 Taiwan Yuan Ze University Department of Electrical Engineering Taoyuan City320 Taiwan

This paper presents a guaranteed-cost disturbance observer and controller design to achieve accurate path tracking control for a powered paraglider (PPG) in the presence of unknown rudder trim and wind disturbances. The key contribution of this paper is a theoretical approach that ensures given flight control performance even in the presence of these unknown variables. Due to the complex and highly nonlinear nature of PPG dynamics, our approach utilizes a nonlinear control framework based on Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy models. Although this paper designs a nonlinear controller that compensates the rudder input not only with the trim but also with the wind estimated by the disturbance observer, it successfully derives guaranteed-cost design conditions that allow the separate design of the disturbance observer and the nonlinear controller within this framework. In addition, the influence of observer estimation errors on control performance degradation is discussed in terms of considering the upper bound of given control performance. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated through extensive flight simulations using a high-precision PPG simulator, which accurately models the real-world flight dynamics of two rigid bodies with seven degrees of freedom. This validates the practical utility of the guaranteed-cost disturbance observer and controller design in maintaining control performance under unknown rudder trim and wind disturbances. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Rudders

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Connections Between Integral Quadratic Constraints and Dissipativity

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IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control 2024年第8期69卷 5672-5677页

作者： Khong, Sei Zhen Lanzon, Alexander National Sun Yat-sen University Department of Electrical Engineering Kaohsiung80424 Taiwan University of Manchester Control Systems Centre Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering School of Engineering ManchesterM13 9PL United Kingdom

We show that a recent dissipativity approach to feedback stability analysis of potentially open-loop unstable systems, which encompasses the classical soft integral quadratic constraint (IQC) theorem, may be recovered by hard IQC theory. The latter is known to be subsumable by the more general soft IQC theory endowed with homotopies that are continuous in the gap topology. In addition, we demonstrate how the aforementioned classical soft IQC theorem, initially introduced for the analysis of a feedback interconnection of a nonlinear component and a linear system, may be recast to analyze the stability of a feedback interconnection of two nonlinear systems. This generates a frequency-dependent (Q(ω), S(ω), R(ω))-dissipativity result. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Stability criteria

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RUL Estimation for Power Electronic Devices Using RNNs

RUL Estimation for Power Electronic Devices Using RNNs

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2024 Prognostics and System Health Management Conference, PHM 2024

作者： Cai, Congrui Lu, Zhonghai School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Embedded Systems Master Program Sweden School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department of Electrical Engineering KTH Royal Institute of Technology Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9798350360585

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) are commonly used in data-driven approaches to estimate the Remaining Useful Lifetime (RUL) of power electronic devices. RNNs are preferred because their intrinsic feedback mechanisms are better suited to model time-series data. However, the impact of RNN complexity on estimation accuracy is rarely discussed in the literature. This issue is important because choosing a lower-complexity model that delivers the same or similar performance as a higher-complexity model can increase implementation efficiency. In the paper, we use three RNN models, namely, the vanilla version, LSTM (Long Short Term Memory) and GRU (Gated Recurrent Unit) to conduct RUL estimation for power electronic devices. We use two accelerated aging datasets, one dataset targeting the package failure of MOSFETs, and the other dataset targeting package failure of power diodes. Our study shows that a lower-complexity RNN does not necessarily deliver a lower performance. Similarly, a higher-complexity model does not assure a higher performance. As such, our work highlights the importance of selecting a proper neural network for RUL estimation not biased towards complex models. This is especially useful and important for implementing such RUL estimation techniques in embedded resource-constrained and speed-limited computins platforms. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Long short-term memory

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Ant Colony Optimization-Based Path Planning for Autonomous Vehicle Navigation systems 4

Ant Colony Optimization-Based Path Planning for Autonomous V...

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4th International Conference on electrical engineering and Computer Science, ICECOS 2024

作者： Sari, Desi Windi Dwijayanti, Suci Suprapto, Bhakti Yudho Universitas Sriwijaya Faculty of Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering Doctoral Program in Engineering Science Palembang Indonesia Universitas Sriwijaya Faculty of Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering Palembang Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368253

A crucial aspect of autonomous vehicles is path planning, which involves using various algorithms to determine the most efficient routes. This study investigates the application of the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm to create a system for identifying the shortest path. The process includes collecting coordinate data from specific test locations on the Universitas Sriwijaya Indralaya campus to generate a graph-based map for analysis. The study begins with gathering route data through the Google Maps application, which includes 182 routes. In simulation tests, the routes generated by ACO differ from those suggested by Google Maps;sometimes, the ACO route is longer and sometimes shorter, due to the probabilistic nature of the ACO algorithm in finding optimal routes. The average error compared to Google Maps is 11.7 meters. Additional tests introduce obstacles on the road, requiring the system to find alternative routes. For instance, the initial route from the auditorium to the Faculty of Science and Math is 38-39-11-53-110-54-111 with a route length of 670 m. After adding a roadblock in front of the Faculty of engineering, the route changes to 38-39-116-40-70-69-56-111, with a route length of 730 meters. These tests demonstrate that the ACO algorithm effectively identifies the best routes for autonomous vehicles, both under normal conditions and when obstacles are present. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Ant colony optimization

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A Wirelessly Powered, Battery-less, Miniaturized Microchip for Implantable Biopotential-Monitoring Applications

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2025年第11期25卷 19545-19554页

作者： Jang, Jaeeun Habibagahi, Iman Mathews, Roshan P. Gwak, Wonseop Rahmani, Hamed Babakhani, Aydin Kwangwoon University School of Semiconductor Systems Engineering Seoul Korea Republic of University of California at Los Angeles Department of Electrical Engineering Los AngelesCA90095 United States New York University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering BrooklynNY11201 United States

This paper presents a low-power, battery-less biopotential-recording integrated circuit (IC) designed for implantable leadless cardiac monitoring applications, addressing the full autonomy based on wireless energy harvesting and closed-loop control. A key technical feature is the closed-loop capability with integration of a dual-band radio frequency (RF) energy harvester and communication system utilizing industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) bands at 40.68 MHz for downlink and 915 MHz for uplink, ensuring efficient wireless power transfer and robust bi-directional data communication. The RF harvester achieves a peak conversion efficiency exceeding 40%, a critical design challenge in maintaining consistent performance under variable power conditions. Also, proposed IC overcomes the need for a local oscillator by utilizing an externally provided clock, reducing system complexity and power consumption. Operating with a clock frequency of 100 kHz, the IC consumes only 8.8 μW, a major achievement in energy efficiency for wireless, battery-less systems. Fabricated in a 180 nm complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) process, the IC successfully demonstrates cardiac signal measurement and heart rate extraction under a fully battery-less environment with air medium, providing a promising solution for next-generation leadless cardiac monitoring systems. © 2001-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Inductive power transmission

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