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MESSI: Task Mapping and Scheduling Strategy for FPGA-based Heterogeneous Real-Time systems

ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic systems 2025年第3期30卷 1-29页

作者： Ahmadi-Pour, Sallar Saha, Sangeet Mcdonald-Maier, Klaus Drechsler, Rolf Institute of Computer Science University of Bremen Faculty 3 Mathematics and Computer Science Bremen Bremen Germany Robotics and Embedded Systems Research Group University of Essex School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Colchester United Kingdom Cyber-Physical Systems DFKI Rheinland-Pfalz Kaiserslautern Germany

Continuous demands for improved performance within constrained resource budgets are driving a move from homogeneous to heterogeneous processing platforms for the implementation of today's Real-Time (RT) embedded systems. The applications executing on such systems are typically represented as a Precedence Task Graph (PTG), where a node represents a task or algorithm for one functionality and edges represent the complex interactions between multiple functionalities. Due to RT constraints, the task graph needs to be executed within a specified deadline. Although some existing studies have looked into solving this challenge, comprehensive studies that combine the theoretical features of RT task-graph mapping and scheduling with practical runtime architectural characteristics have mostly been ignored to date. Hence, in this article, we consider the challenge of scheduling an RT application modeled as a single PTG, with the objective of minimizing the overall execution time under Hardware (HW) resource and deadline constraints for heterogeneous Central Processing Unit (CPU) + Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) architectures. First, we introduce an optimal solution using Integer Linear Programming (ILP). However, this ILP-based optimal solution suffers from computational complexity and does not scale well even for moderately large problem sizes. Hence, we additionally propose heuristic algorithms for task mapping and scheduling. The efficiency of the proposed scheme, named MESSI, has been evaluated through experiments using PTG on a practical CPU+FPGA system regarding current technology restrictions. Our experiments demonstrate that performance gains of 55.6% and area usage reductions of 46.3% are possible compared to full Software (SW) and HW execution, respectively. © 2025 Copyright held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to ACM.

关键词： Integer programming

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A Design Study on Integrated Complex Coefficient Filters with Peripheral Circuits for Accurate Frequency Response Measurement

IEEJ Transactions on Electronics, Information and Systems

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IEEJ Transactions on Electronics, Information and systems 2025年第1期145卷 16-24页

作者： Shouno, Kazuhiro Sato, Lina Fukagawa, Kanta Tanimoto, Hiroshi Muto, Cosy Division of Information Engineering University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennoudai Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8573 Japan Graduate School of Science and Technology Degree Programs in Systems and Information Engineering Master’s Program in Computer Science University of Tsukuba Japan Kitami Institute of Technology 165 Koen-cho Hokkaido Kitami090-8507 Japan Faculty of Education Nagasaki University 1-14 Bunkyo-machi Nagasaki852-8521 Japan

This paper proposes a measurement technique for an integrated complex filter. The proposed method is based on two measurement methods with integrated circuitry for calibration. It is accomplished by applying square waves to an FUT (Filter Under Test) instead of sinusoidal waves or by superposing transfer characteristics obtained by applying a single sinusoidal wave to an FUT. In both of the above methods, the output signal connected to the external measurement equipment via a 50 Ω coaxial cable and so on. In this case, the output signal of the FUT should be amplified by internal or external amplifiers, which degrades the response. However, it is cancelled out by the proposed calibration circuitry with some analog switches. In addition to the above, for the RC polyphase filter, the source resistance and the load capacitance degrade the measurement results and their effect is discussed. The validity of the proposal is confirmed through computer simulation for a third-order RCPF whose passband is 8–40 MHz fabricated by Phenitec 0.6 µm CMOS process. It is shown that the measurement error is −1.10 dB for the square-wave method and −1.00 dB and −0.43 degrees for the superposition method at 40 MHz. © 2025 The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan.

关键词： Capacitance

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A Comparative Study of Optimized-LSTM Models Using Tree-Structured Parzen Estimator for Traffic Flow Forecasting in Intelligent Transportation

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第5期83卷 3369-3388页

作者： Hamza Murad Khan Anwar Khan Santos Gracia Villar Luis Alonso DzulLopez Abdulaziz Almaleh Abdullah M.Al-Qahtani Department of Electronics University of PeshawarPeshawar25120KPKPakistan Department of Project Management(L.A.D.L) Higher Polytechnic School(S.G.V)Universidad Europea del AtlanticoSantander39011Spain Faculty of Engineering Universidad Internacional IberoamericanaCampeche24560Mexico Faculty of Engineering Universidade Internacional do CuanzaCuitoEN250BieAngola Department of Project Management Universidad Internacional IberoamericanaCampeche24560Mexico Department of Project Management Department of Management SciencesUniversid de La RomanaLa Romana22000Dominican Reublic Information Systems Department College of Computer ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbha61421Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering College of Engineering&Computer ScienceJazan UniversityJazan45142Saudi Arabia

Traffic forecasting with high precision aids Intelligent Transport systems(ITS)in formulating and optimizing traffic management *** algorithms used for tuning the hyperparameters of the deep learning models often have accurate results at the expense of high computational *** address this problem,this paper uses the Tree-structured Parzen Estimator(TPE)to tune the hyperparameters of the Long Short-term Memory(LSTM)deep learning *** Tree-structured Parzen Estimator(TPE)uses a probabilistic approach with an adaptive searching mechanism by classifying the objective function values into good and bad *** ensures fast convergence in tuning the hyperparameter values in the deep learning model for performing prediction while still maintaining a certain degree of *** also overcomes the problem of converging to local optima and avoids timeconsuming random search and,therefore,avoids high computational complexity in prediction *** proposed scheme first performs data smoothing and normalization on the input data,which is then fed to the input of the TPE for tuning the *** traffic data is then input to the LSTM model with tuned parameters to perform the traffic *** three optimizers:Adaptive Moment Estimation(Adam),Root Mean Square Propagation(RMSProp),and Stochastic Gradient Descend with Momentum(SGDM)are also evaluated for accuracy prediction and the best optimizer is then chosen for final traffic prediction in TPE-LSTM *** results verify the effectiveness of the proposed model in terms of accuracy of prediction over the benchmark schemes.

关键词： Short-term traffic prediction sequential time series prediction TPE tree-structured parzen estimator LSTM hyperparameter tuning hybrid prediction model

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VHF Band III Spectrum Availability and Utilization for Cognitive Radio Implementation in Malaysia 22

VHF Band III Spectrum Availability and Utilization for Cogni...

引用

22nd International Learning and Technology Conference, L and T 2025

作者： Elshafie, Hashim Mohamad, Hafizal Saeed, Rashid A. Hamdan, Mosab Khattab, Mahmoud M. Ahmed, Abdelmoty M. King Khalid University College of Computer Science 61421 Saudi Arabia Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment Negeri Sembilan Nilai71800 Malaysia Taif21974 Saudi Arabia South East Technological University Walton Institute for Information and Communication Systems Science WaterfordX91 HE36 Ireland Al Yamamah University College of Engineering and Architecture Riyadh13541 Saudi Arabia Nahda University Faculty of Computer Science Beni Suef Egypt

ISBN: (纸本)9798331532215

The VHF Band III spectrum (174-230 MHz), recognized for its low utilization, was opened by the FCC in 2002 for opportunistic use by communication technologies. This paper presents a quantitative analysis of the availability of VHF Band III for cognitive radio CR access in Malaysia. Measurements were conducted over a week in 18 Malaysian cities to analyze spectrum utilization and received signal strength, alongside the impact of broadcasts from neighboring countries. The findings highlight actual utilization patterns and reveal the spectrum's potential for opportunistic access, especially post-digital switchover (DSO). © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Cognitive radio

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Hermitian -(anti-)reflexive solutions to a quaternion matrix equation

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Computational and Applied Mathematics 2025年第6期44卷 1-14页

作者： Liu, Xin Li, Wanqi Yuan, Shifang Zhang, Yang Macau Institute of Systems Engineering Faculty of Innovation Engineering Macau University of Science and Technology TaiPa China School of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Innovation Engineering Macau University of Science and Technology TaiPa China School of Mathematics and Computational Science Wuyi University Jiangmen China Department of Mathematics University of Manitoba Winnipeg Canada

In this paper, we consider the Hermitian $$\{P, k + 1\}$$ -(anti-)reflexive solutions to the quaternion matrix equation $$AXB+CXD=E$$ and $$AX=E,$$ respectively. We use the complex representation method to obtain the necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of the Hermitian $$\{P, k +1\}$$ -reflexive solution (resp. Hermitian $$\{P, k +1\}$$ -anti-reflexive solution), respectively, and derive their solutions when the matrix equations have the Hermitian $$\{P, k +1\}$$ -reflexive solution (resp. Hermitian $$\{P, k +1\}$$ -anti-reflexive solution). Finally, two examples are provided to verify the effectiveness of our method.

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Modelling and control of a multi-product pipeline transportation process

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International Journal of Information Technology (Singapore) 2025年 1-11页

作者： Jiménez-Cabas, Javier Piñeres-Espitia, Gabriel Rodelo-Serrano, Esteban Pamucar, Dragan Ramirez-Leon, Hermes Butt, Shariq Aziz Naz, Sumera Simic, Vladimir Computer Science and Electronic Department Universidad de La Costa Barranquilla Colombia Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica Universidad Simón Bolívar Barranquilla Venezuela Department of Operations Research and Statistics Faculty of Organizational Sciences University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia Department of Industrial Engineering & Management Yuan Ze University Taoyuan Taiwan Department of Mechanics and Mathematics Western Caspian University Baku Azerbaijan Faculty of Transport and Traffic Engineering University of Belgrade Vojvode Stepe 305 Belgrade 11010 Serbia Department of Computer Science and Engineering College of Informatics Korea University Seoul 02841 South Korea School of Systems and Technology Department of Computer Science University of Management and Technology Lahore Pakistan Department of Mathematics Division of Science and Technology University of Education Lahore Pakistan

One of the most critical processes in the petroleum industry is transporting crude oil and its derivatives. Usually, it is done, due to easiness and economic aspects, through pipelines;several products, such as gasoline, kerosene, naphtha, and liquefied petroleum gas, among others, are moved in batch processes to both distribution and storage centers or transport ships. Since these transport systems transport different products, many works have focused on developing optimization strategies for scheduling these pipelines. That is, strategies that seek to optimize the use of the pipeline by establishing at what time points certain products must be transported. These strategies would be located at the planning level in the automation pyramid. In this work, on the other hand, different control strategies are proposed for a pipeline, but at the operation level. These strategies would be located at the control level, below the planning strategies in the automation pyramid. A pipeline of three pipe sections is modeled to develop the proposed control strategies, and the mathematical model is validated with actual data. The results show that, first, the proposed model approximates the actual behavior of the pipeline quite well and, second, that the combination of PID and feedforward control is an excellent alternative to implement control strategies for the operation of liquid transportation systems through pipelines. © Bharati Vidyapeeth's Institute of computer Applications and Management 2025.

关键词： control strategies liquid transportation modeling of system

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Evaluating Multi-Sensor Placement and Neural Network Architectures for Physical Activity Level Classification

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Cui, Bo Song, Xiaowen Monique, Tabak van Beijnum, Bert-Jan Wang, Ying Faculty of Biomedical Signals and Systems Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science University of Twente Enschede7500 AE Netherlands

Accurate physical activity level (PAL) classification could be beneficial for osteoarthritis (OA) management. This study examines the impact of sensor placement and deep learning models on AL classification using Metabolic Equivalent of Task values. The results show that the addition of an ankle sensor (WA) significantly improves the classification of high intensity activities compared to wrist-only configuration (53% to 86.2%). The CNN-LSTM model achieves the highest accuracy (95.09%). Statistical analysis confirms multi-sensor setups outperform single-sensor configurations (p © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Deep learning

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Interpretable Arabic Hate Speech Detection using Large Language Model

Interpretable Arabic Hate Speech Detection using Large Langu...

引用

Advanced Innovations in Smart Cities (ICAISC), International Conference on

作者： Majed Alwateer Ibrahim Gad Mahmoud Elmarhomy Ghada Elmarhomy Hasan Hashim Malik Almaliki El-Sayed Atlam Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and Engineering Taibah University Saudi Arabia Computer Science Department Faculty of Science Tanta University Tanta Egypt Computer Science and Information College of Applied Taibah University Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems College of Computer Science and Engineering Taibah University Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (数字)9798331506995

ISBN: (纸本)9798331507008

Social media platforms serve as significant spaces for users to have conversations, discussions and express their opinions. However, anonymity provided to users on these platforms allows the spread of hate speech and other offensive material. Due to the wide-ranging nature of these platforms, there is a critical need to automatically detect and report occurrences of hate speech. There are various detection methods, but many of them operate as black boxes, lacking interpretability and explainability by design. To address the lack of interpretability, this study explores the development of an interpretable framework to detect hate speech in Arabic using large language models (LLMs). The proposed approach combines advanced natural language processing techniques with interpretable machine learning methods to enhance understanding of model decisions. The experimental results demonstrate that the model achieves high accuracy while maintaining interpretability, enabling users to understand the reasoning behind the detections. The proposed method achieves an accuracy of 0.846%, with a precision of 0.843% and a recall of 0.846%, outperforming existing Arabic hate speech detection models. These results show the effectiveness of combining LLM with interpretability for this critical task, providing a reliable and transparent solution for automated moderation of harmful content.

关键词： Technological innovation Accuracy Social networking (online) Smart cities Large language models Hate speech Text categorization Writing Reliability Stakeholders

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Onboard Perception-Assisted High Fidelity Simulation Framework for Autonomous Planetary Soft-Landing

Onboard Perception-Assisted High Fidelity Simulation Framewo...

引用

AIAA science and Technology Forum and Exposition, AIAA SciTech Forum 2025

作者： Alibekov, Ulugbek Banerjee, Avijit Satpute, Sumeet Gajanan Nikolakopoulos, George ERASMUS MUNDUS JOINT MASTER in Intelligent Field Robotic Systems Faculty of Informatics Eötvös Loránd University Budapest Hungary Robotics and AI research group Department of Computer Science Electrical and Space Engineering Luleå University of Technology Luleå Sweden

ISBN: (数字)9781624107238

ISBN: (纸本)9781624107238

This article presents an onboard perception-assisted high-fidelity simulation framework for autonomous planetary soft-landing, enabling visual information processing tightly integrated with advanced onboard guidance system in a realistic simulation environments. Utilizing the open source Unity game engine, a physics-based simulation toolbox integrated with the Robotic Operating System (ROS2), we effectively emulate the motion of spacecraft approaching planetary terrain. The simulation environment features a realistic 3D terrain model and a lander spacecraft equipped with onboard camera to effectively capture detailed local terrain images. The simulation engine accurately captures the spacecraft’s 6-degrees of freedom motion, seamlessly integrating space craft orientation with the associated camera feed while incorporating various illumination conditions using a light source representing the Sun. To demonstrate the efficacy of the framework, we implement a recently developed attitude-constrained minimum jerk guidance algorithm to emulate spacecraft motion. Concurrently, the visual feed from the onboard RGB camera is processed through a gradient extraction-based perception system, providing the visual odometer. This system identifies provably safe landing sites, effectively avoiding potential risks of landing on uneven terrain. © 2025, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc, AIAA. All rights reserved.

关键词： Planetary landers

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Leveraging Generalizability of Image-to-Image Translation for Enhanced Adversarial Defense

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhang, Haibo Yao, Zhihua Sakurai, Kouichi Saitoh, Takeshi Department of Artificial Intelligence Faculty of Computer Science and Systems Engineering Kyushu Institute of Technology Japan Faculty of Economics and Business Administration The University of Kitakyushu Japan Department of Informatics Faculty of Information Science and Electrical Engineering Kyushu University Japan

In the rapidly evolving field of artificial intelligence, machine learning emerges as a key technology characterized by its vast potential and inherent risks. The stability and reliability of these models are important, as they are frequent targets of security threats. Adversarial attacks, first rigorously defined by Ian Goodfellow et al. in 2013, highlight a critical vulnerability: they can trick machine learning models into making incorrect predictions by applying nearly invisible perturbations to images. Although many studies have focused on constructing sophisticated defensive mechanisms to mitigate such attacks, they often overlook the substantial time and computational costs of training and maintaining these models. Ideally, a defense method should be able to generalize across various, even unseen, adversarial attacks with minimal overhead. Building on our previous work on image-to-image translation-based defenses, this study introduces an improved model that incorporates residual blocks to enhance generalizability. The proposed method requires training only a single model, effectively defends against diverse attack types, and is well-transferable between different target models. Experiments show that our model can restore the classification accuracy from near zero to an average of 72% while maintaining competitive performance compared to state-of-the-art methods. Significantly, our model operates more efficiently, reducing the time needed to process individual images and speeding up the training process to achieve faster convergence. Robustness tests further confirm stable performance under varying attack strengths, demonstrating the model’s practical value in real-world adversarial settings. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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